This is my presentation file for IDRiM2014, 30 October – 1 November 2014, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.

1. Unit for Liveable Cities, Graduate School of Engineering/Medicine, KYOTO UNIVERSITY
京都⼤学⼤学院 ⼯学研究科・医学研究科 安寧の都市ユニット
A SMARTPHONE-BASED SYSTEM FOR
IN-HOUSE SAFETY
USING AUGMENTED REALITY
TECHNOLOGY
Maki KOYAMA (Kyoto Univ.)
Naoto YOKOMAKURA (KDDI)
Shigeyuki OKADA (Hokkaido Univ.)
Tadayoshi NAKASHIMA (Hokkaido Univ.)
Junji KIYONO (Kyoto Univ.)
The 5th Conference of the International Society for Integrated Disaster Risk Management
(IDRiM 2014), 30th Oct - 1st Nov, London, CANADA
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2. Unit for Liveable Cities, Graduate School of Engineering/Medicine, KYOTO UNIVERSITY
京都⼤学⼤学院 ⼯学研究科・医学研究科 安寧の都市ユニット
Introduction
 The major cause of casualties in a large earthquake in Japan is
overturned furniture or the scattering of facilities in a room.
 Therefore, moving and fastening furniture are effective for casualty
mitigation. However, the executing rate of these countermeasures is
not really very high.
 One of the reasons is that residents are not aware of the risk of
human casualty in their rooms. One of the other reasons is that
residents can not fasten furniture because of lease contract or
facilities’ material in their room.
 The purpose of this study is to develop a smartphone-
based human casualty risk evaluation and
visualization tool.
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3. Unit for Liveable Cities, Graduate School of Engineering/Medicine, KYOTO UNIVERSITY
京都⼤学⼤学院 ⼯学研究科・医学研究科 安寧の都市ユニット
Augmented Reality (AR)
 Marker-based AR is a technology used to acquire spatial information
from camera images.
 Markers are registered in advance.
 When a computer recognizes the registered marker by using a
camera, the marker’s spatial coordinates and angle information are
calculated.
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4. Unit for Liveable Cities, Graduate School of Engineering/Medicine, KYOTO UNIVERSITY
京都⼤学⼤学院 ⼯学研究科・医学研究科 安寧の都市ユニット
Flowchart of the system
Input size
Coordination
acquisition by AR
marker
Input furniture’s
type
Input overturning
type
Calculation of
overturning
probability
Overlay the
furniture on the real
time movie
Input seismic
intensity
Generating
overturning/scattering
area
Evaluation severity
of human casualty
Coordination
acquisition by AR
marker
Overlay the risk information
on the real‐time movie
Calculation of human casualty
severity in selected area
Input size
Overlay the area on
the real‐time movie
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5. Unit for Liveable Cities, Graduate School of Engineering/Medicine, KYOTO UNIVERSITY
京都⼤学⼤学院 ⼯学研究科・医学研究科 安寧の都市ユニット
Movie of the developed system
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6. Unit for Liveable Cities, Graduate School of Engineering/Medicine, KYOTO UNIVERSITY
京都⼤学⼤学院 ⼯学研究科・医学研究科 安寧の都市ユニット
System Development
 Unity (Unity Technology) is used to develop our system.
 Unity is a tool for video-game development, architectural
visualizations, and interactive media installations.
 Usually, the creation of a 3D model and the calculation of the
spatial coordinates are complicated; however, we can do that
easily by using Unity.
 In this study, a Desire HD (HTC Corporation), which is an
Android-based smartphone, is used as a prototype system.
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7. Unit for Liveable Cities, Graduate School of Engineering/Medicine, KYOTO UNIVERSITY
京都⼤学⼤学院 ⼯学研究科・医学研究科 安寧の都市ユニット
Evaluation of overturn risk
 · Φ 0.7 /0.869 / (1)
 where is probability of overturned furniture for the seismic intensity ,
α is the coefficient of friction between the floor and the furniture (α is fixed
to 0.8), and Φ represents the standard normal distribution function. The
parameters λ and ζ (ζ is fixed to 0.58) are the mean and standard
deviation, respectively. λ is expressed in the following equation:

/ · · 1 /
10 / · 1 / .
· 2
(2)
 15.6/ · 1 / .
(3)
 where and are depth and height of the furniture, respectively. is the
acceleration due to gravity, and is the equivalent frequency response
floor [Hz] ( is fixed 3.18). Fb is the number of boundary vibrations of the
furniture [Hz].
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Nakashima, Okada and Koyama (2012)

8. Unit for Liveable Cities, Graduate School of Engineering/Medicine, KYOTO UNIVERSITY
京都⼤学⼤学院 ⼯学研究科・医学研究科 安寧の都市ユニット
Evaluation of human casualty severity
 The human casualty severity in the target area is evaluated as follows:
 ∑ ⋅ (4)
 where is the human casualty severity, is number of pieces of furniture
in an affected target area, and is the Abbreviated Injury Scale
value of the ith piece of furniture.
 indicates whether the target area is affected by the ith piece of
furniture or not. In the case of “affected,” = 1; otherwise, = 0.
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9. Unit for Liveable Cities, Graduate School of Engineering/Medicine, KYOTO UNIVERSITY
京都⼤学⼤学院 ⼯学研究科・医学研究科 安寧の都市ユニット
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
Furniture condition AIS
Vase Overturned 1.5
Glass case Overturned 1.5
Television Overturned 1.5
Family Buddhist altar
(small)
Overturned 1.5
Full-length mirror Overturned 2
Shoe boxes Overturned or Overturned and scattered 3
Washing machine Overturned 3
Writing bureau Overturned or Overturned and scattered 3.5
Bunk bed Overturned 3.5
Bookshelf Overturned or Overturned and scattered 4
Family Buddhist altar (large) Overturned or Overturned and scattered 4
Sideboard Overturned or Overturned and scattered 4
Refrigerator Overturned or Overturned and scattered 4
Chest of drawers Overturned or Overturned and scattered 4
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Nakashima, Okada and Koyama (2012)

10. Unit for Liveable Cities, Graduate School of Engineering/Medicine, KYOTO UNIVERSITY
京都⼤学⼤学院 ⼯学研究科・医学研究科 安寧の都市ユニット
Risk area by overturning or scattering
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Nakashima, Okada and Koyama (2012)

11. Unit for Liveable Cities, Graduate School of Engineering/Medicine, KYOTO UNIVERSITY
京都⼤学⼤学院 ⼯学研究科・医学研究科 安寧の都市ユニット
Conclusion
 This system can display overlapping images of a
real-time movie from an attached camera, the
overturning risk area, and the human casualty
severity.
 The system visualizes a virtual image of the in-
room conditions due to an earthquake before it
occurs.
 It is expected that users will become aware of
the importance of moving and fastening furniture
and which furniture should be the first priority to
move or fasten by using this system.
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12. Unit for Liveable Cities, Graduate School of Engineering/Medicine, KYOTO UNIVERSITY
京都⼤学⼤学院 ⼯学研究科・医学研究科 安寧の都市ユニット
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koyama.maki.3e@kyoto-u.ac.jp