Citizens can, and do, effectively use ICTs to monitor and pressure governments in East Africa.

1. ICT as a Driver for
Change
in East Africa?
Rakesh Rajani
Head, Twaweza
Open Government Partnership
17 April 2012, Brasilia

2. Twaweza
imagination. citizen agency.
public action.

3. People drive governance reforms, not ICTs

4. Uwezo
Every year, 140,000+ children
education level assessment
all districts in Kenya, Tanzania,
Uganda
Taking action without experts
www.uwezo.net

5. Uwezo Tanzania 2011

6. Secondary School Capitation Grant
Called 100 head teachers, asked
“Did funding reach your school?”
1 week, few hundred dollars

7. Secondary School Capitation Grant
Schools that received the capitation grant as required by January 31, 2011
7%
Received
capitation grant
Did not receive
capitation grant
93%
Source of data: HakiElimu/Twaweza

8. Secondary School Capitation Grant
Anticipated Vs actual Capitation grant sent from Treasury to LGAs in January 2011
12,000
10,000
10,000
8,000
TZS per pupil
6,000
4,000
2,000
390
-
Anticipated Disbursed
Source of data: Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs

9. Secondary School Capitation Grant
Impact?
The Government
released most
funding to schools

10. Urban Water Kiosks
1 volunteer, 1 week
visited 40 randomly
selected kisoks
Large public debate

11. Urban Water Kiosks
Water kiosks (not) following EWURA’s order to publicly display the official water tariff (n=25)
8%
Posting tariff in accordance with
EWURA order
Not posting tariff in defiance of
EWURA order
92%

12. Shillings per 20 liters
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Keko Magurumbasi B
Tip Top
30 30
Mabibo Kwa Cassian
Keko Mwanga A
Keko Molemo
Mabibo Relini
Ali Maua ‘B’
50 50 50 50 50
Kigogo Landa Bar
70
Official tariff set by EWURA
Mabibo kwa Kikanzo
Ubungo Maziwa
Mkunduge
Mtogole
Ali Maua ‘A’
Manzese Midizini
100 100 100 100 100 100
Tandale Uzuri
Tandale kwa Tumbo
Tandale Yemen
Manzese Uzuri
Urban Water Kiosks
Tandale Mafichoni
Prices charged at various water kiosks for 20 liters
Mivuleni ‘A’
Mwembe Mkole
Mivuleni ‘B’
Manzese Kilimani
Manzese Kiembeni
150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150
Manzese Bakhresa
200

13. Citizens can,
and do,
effectively use
ICTs to
monitor and
pressure
governments

14. Wananchi Survey
Weekly mobile phone survey of East
African citizens
Quick, simple, constant bottom-up
feedback informing policy

15. The Real Power:
People using ICTs
Ecosystem of Ideas and
Information