ICNS cinflicting Strategies in safety 106

Integrated Communication Navigation and
Surveillance-2016
dayjoori1@gmail.com Iran Airport & Air Navigatin Co. 1
Conflicting Strategies in CIVIL Aviation
Safety
Abstract Number 106
By: Dayjoori
Airport Company and Air Navigation,
Tehran, Iran

Conflicting Strategies in CIVIL Aviation Safety

Planning and Implementation Regional Groups
(PIRGs)
 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) established
a global plan to modernize civil aviation globally in 1994
 191 contracting States to participate in planning and
implementation regional groups
 PIRGs are to study the global plan and prepare their regional
plans.
 Contracting states are required to provide relevant regional
offices with their national plans which shall be developed in
accordance with global and regional requirements.

ICAO Regional Offices Implementation
Groups and Their Mission
•Cairo: Middle East (MID) Office - MID Regional Office is accredited to
15 MID ICAO Members States and provides them all possible guidance in
order to meet the needs of the Region for safe, regular, efficient and
economical air transport.
•Bangkok: Asia and Pacific (APAC) Office - The attainment of safe,
secure and environmental friendly air transportation across the Region
will require a strong commitment and close collaboration amongst
States, the aviation industry, and safety/security partners to ensure
integrity, capacity building and support for ICAO initiatives. Other
offices are Dakar, Lima, Mexico, Nairobi and Paris with similar
statements.

ICAO 2014–2016 Strategic Objectives
There are five strategic objectives which are defined by ICAO for the two
years ahead, these are:
 Safety: Enhance global civil aviation safety.
 Air Navigation Capacity and Efficiency,
 Security and Facilitation,
 Economic Development of Air Transport and
 Environmental Protection.

I.R. of Iran as an ICAO member State
 I.R. of Iran has participated in all of the ICAO audits like, ICAO
Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme (USOAP). The audit
indicate Iran one of the first 10 states that have accomplished ICAO
Safety standards with a few findings.
 USOAP audits focus on a State’s capability in providing safety oversight
by assessing whether the State has effectively and consistently
implemented the critical elements of a safety oversight system and
determining the State's level of implementation of ICAO’s safety-
related Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) and
associated procedures and guidance material.
 I.R. of Iran also parts in many other important activities in interest of
safety of air navigation internationally and regionally. Most of these
activities are according to MID office plans.

I.R. of Iran one of the 15 MID states
 Iran is a vast country (area
more than1648000 Km² and
2440Km coastline, has 11
neighboring FIRs) located in a
geographical region which is
very important from the point
of view of air transportation,
especially for intercontinental
flights and long haul
operations in respect of safety,
fuel consumption and saving
environment.

international air lines operating in Iran’s
airspace
 More than 70 foreign international air lines operating in Iran’s airspace
and international airports. Recently because of closure of Ukraine (July
2014) air traffic is increased to more than 1000 transit flights per day
with average flight time of 90 minutes flying trough Tehran FIR.
 British Airways, Japan Airline, Air India, Lufthansa, Air France,
Alitalia, Singapore airline and many others among them Air Seattle
operate in the FIR
No. Type of flights No. of operations
1. International transits 272581
1. International Arr./Dep. 83499
1. Domestic 310550
1. Total 666630

Preparation and Implementation of CNS
Equipment Are Too Difficult
 For many years that preparation and implementation of Communication,
Navigation, surveillance, Air Traffic Management equipment and facilities
are too difficult to purchase and implement.
 These restriction and constraints are brought about as Follow:
 The United States imposed sanctions against Iran and expanded them in 1995
to include firms dealing with the Iranian government.
 The UN Security Council passed Resolution 1696 and imposed sanctions after
Iran refused to suspend its uranium enrichment program in 2006.In spite of
Iran declaration that its project is non military related and is only for
scientific and civil objectives but over the years, sanctions have taken a
serious toll on Iran's economy and people

Political Sanctions are Considered Severe
Threat to Safety of Public
 The social and economic effects of sanctions have also been severe,
with even those who doubt their efficacy, such as John Bolton,
describing the EU sanctions, in particular, as "tough, even brutal.”
 Pharmaceuticals and medical equipments do not fall under
international sanctions but the country is facing shortages of drugs for
the treatment of 30 illnesses including cancer.
 Because Iran is not allowed to use the international payment systems.

Sanction and Civil Aviation
 The HILL(The hill.com blog) in August 20, 2014 reported that on August 10,
a Sepahan Air regional airliner crashed in a neighborhood in densely
populated Tehran, killing 40. This latest incident is just one in a spate of air
accidents in Iran, where the imposition of sanctions by the West has severely
impacted the safety of civilian aircraft.
 in the last 25 years there have been more than 200 accidents involving
Iranian planes, resulting in 2000 deaths and many more debilitating
injuries. With this abysmal safety record, the odds an Iranian air passenger
will die on a flight are 100 times higher than those for passengers on the
world’s major carriers.
dayjoori1@gmail.com Iran Airport &
Air Navigatin Co. 11

report by the International Civil Aviation
Organization
 A UN body, noted that the “United
States sanctions against the Islamic
Republic of Iran have adversely
affected the safety of civil aviation.”
 The authors urged American
regulators to recognize that
“Aviation safety, as it affects human
life and human rights, stands above
political differences.”
 Since 2005, there have been 700
fatalities in air accidents.
 Unfortunately, sanctions policy has
little concern for human life.
2011 Iran Air Flight 277 Boeing 727-286Adv Orumieh ,
Iran 79 fatalities; 24 injured; 2 lost,

ICAO Strategy and Safety Aspects
ICAO statement on safety is “The safety of the global air transport system
is the International Civil Aviation Organization’s (ICAO’s) guiding and
most fundamental Strategic Objective.” and it is followed by:
 ICAO constantly strives to improve aviation safety outcomes through
the following coordinated activities:
• Monitoring of key safety trends and indicators.
• Safety Analysis.
• Policy and Standardization initiatives.
• Implementation of programmes to address safety issues.
Just, nice words!

Will the wish of ICAO the Specialized
Organization Come True?
 Safety statements are the wish of ICAO
the specialized organization of United
Nation which is documented for
attention of its 191 member states.
 It is considered that ICAO must take
care of discrepancies in United Nations
resolutions especially Resolution 1696
and verify its adverse effect on its field
of specialty and safety of international
airlines operations and public air
passengers.
UN

Civil Aviation Difficulties Continued
 In spite of official letters and official and non official reports and
discussions on the civil aviation difficulties in maintaining accepted
level of safety and witnessing air incident and accidents, no action
was initiated from regional and international specialized
organizations to find mechanisms and initiatives in the interest of
aviation safety.
 Not only purchase of new CNS equipments was impossible but
provision of hardware, software maintenance and spare part services
were also ceased.

Compensation of Discrepancies
 All of the discrepancies were compensated by
aviation specialists in both maintenance and
operation sections, in order to maintain safe
environments as far as practicable.
 The stress of aviation sanctions was bent on
maintenance and operation personnel.
 Obtaining and implementing new air navigation
equipment from different sources to equip
airports and ATS routes was encountered with
difficulties because of absence of flight
calibration aircraft for commissioning and
reliability check.
March 3, 2014 IR-CAO (Iran
Civil Aviation
Organization) Falcon
crashed in Kish, Iran 4
fatalities

Lifting Sanctions
 On July 14, 2015, the P5+1 (China, France, Germany, Russia, the United
Kingdom, and the United States), the European Union, and Iran reached a
Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) to ensure that Iran’s nuclear
program will be exclusively peaceful.
 October 18, 2015 marked Adoption Day of the JCPOA, the date on which the
JCPOA came into effect and participants began taking steps necessary to
implement their JCPOA commitments.
 January 16, 2016, marks Implementation Day of the JCPOA.
 On this historic day, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has
verified that Iran has implemented its key nuclear-related measures described
in the JCPOA, and the Secretary state has confirmed the IAEA’s verification .
 As a result of Iran verifiably meeting its nuclear commitments, the United
States is today lifting nuclear-related sanctions on Iran, as described in the
JCPOA.

Prevention of United Nations to Issue
Resolutions Against ICAO Standard
 Here in this conference many new ideas and initiatives are presented
in the interest of aviation safety, efficiency, regularity and economy in
the framework of CNS/ATM.
 It is believed that all international organization must take care of
availability of these efforts to all nations without discrepancy and
discriminations.

Industry Efforts to Strengthened Safety and
Efficiency of Air Navigation
 In the industry all the efforts are made to strengthened safety and
efficiency of air navigation but it seems that there are conflicting
strategies to enhance safety of air navigation developed by ICAO, IATA,
IAC, and other relevant international bodies, with some contracting
states and even UN resolutions.
 The solution proposed to the esteemed chair and delegates attending
the conference as a possible remedy before it would be too late is
presented in the next slide.

Proposed Initiative to Resolve the
Strategies Confliction
To resolve the conflicts in
international strategies of United
Nations it is suggested that:
 To establish some specialized
committees to consider and verify
all the UN resolutions and
 Have the authority to exclude
safety and humanitarian related
components from possible
sanctions on any country.

Iran National Air Navigation Plan
 According to Global air Navigation Plan
Doc.9750 fourth edition, Iran National Air
Navigation Plan is being developed.
 It is expected that with assistance of the
respectful ICNS conference and esteemed
delegates through negotiation and review
of commercial relations purchase of safety
related CNS/ATM equipments and
facilities being considered as high priority
in order to enhance safety of international
air navigation of civil aircraft operating to
and through Tehran FIR.
dayjoori1@gmail.com Iran Airport & Air Navigatin Co.
21

Thanks For Your
Attention

ICNS cinflicting Strategies in safety 106

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