Avicenna (Ibn Sina) was a Persian polymath born in 980 in Bukhara who made significant contributions across many fields, including as a physician, philosopher, scientist, and teacher. As a physician, he authored the influential Canon of Medicine, a standard medical text in Europe and the Islamic world until the 18th century. He founded the Avicennism school of philosophy which sought to redefine Islamic philosophy. Over his lifetime, he authored around 450 treatises, of which 240 survived, cementing his legacy as one of the most influential scholars of the Islamic Golden Age. He died in 1037 in Iran.