IBC Non Structural

Seismic Non-Structural
Considerations
Architectural, Mechanical,
and Electrical Components
and Systems
Niel Palmer, PE

International Building Code
International Building Code
Section 1621
Section 1621
•
• Reference ASCE 7
Reference ASCE 7-
-02, Section 9.6
02, Section 9.6
•
• Except
Except
–
– Section 9.6.3.11.2 shall not apply (Fire
Section 9.6.3.11.2 shall not apply (Fire
Protection Sprinkler Systems)
Protection Sprinkler Systems)
–
– Section 9.6.2.8.1 modified with exception
Section 9.6.2.8.1 modified with exception
added for Partitions < 9 ft high, seismic load
added for Partitions < 9 ft high, seismic load
< 5 psf)
< 5 psf)
–
– Section 9.6.3.13 modified to add qualification
Section 9.6.3.13 modified to add qualification
for hazardous or flammable materials
for hazardous or flammable materials

General
General
•
• Section 9.6 establishes minimum design criteria
Section 9.6 establishes minimum design criteria
for Architectural, Mechanical, Electrical and non
for Architectural, Mechanical, Electrical and non-
-
structural systems, components, and elements
structural systems, components, and elements
permanently attached to structures
permanently attached to structures …
…
–
– Minimum force requirements
Minimum force requirements
–
– Seismic relative displacement requirements
Seismic relative displacement requirements
–
– Component Importance factor (I
Component Importance factor (Ip
p)
)

General
General
•
• Overview of requirements for Architectural,
Overview of requirements for Architectural,
Mechanical, Electrical and non
Mechanical, Electrical and non-
-structural
structural
systems, components, and elements
systems, components, and elements
permanently attached to structures
permanently attached to structures –
– generally
generally
handled in Performance type Specifications
handled in Performance type Specifications

General
General
Section 9.6.1
Section 9.6.1
Establishes minimum equivalent static force levels and
Establishes minimum equivalent static force levels and
displacements for the design of components and their
displacements for the design of components and their
attachments to the structure
attachments to the structure
The functional and physical interrelationship of
The functional and physical interrelationship of
components and their effect on each other shall be
components and their effect on each other shall be
designed so that the failure of an essential or
designed so that the failure of an essential or
nonessential component shall not cause the failure of a
nonessential component shall not cause the failure of a
nearby essential architectural, mechanical, or electrical
nearby essential architectural, mechanical, or electrical
component.
component.

Seismic Use Group &
Seismic Use Group &
Seismic Design Category
Seismic Design Category
•
• Seismic Use Groups I, II, III
Seismic Use Groups I, II, III
–
– Table 9.1.3
Table 9.1.3 –
– Cross referenced to Occupancy
Cross referenced to Occupancy
Category (Table 1
Category (Table 1-
-1)
1)
•
• Seismic Design Category
Seismic Design Category –
– A through F
A through F
Most severe SDC from
Most severe SDC from
-
- Table 9.4.2.1a based on
Table 9.4.2.1a based on short period response
short period response
-
- Table
Table 9.4.2.1b based on
9.4.2.1b based on 1
1-
-second period
second period
response
response

Exempt Components
Exempt Components
1.
1. Components in Seismic Design Category (SDC)
Components in Seismic Design Category (SDC)
A
A
2.
2. Architectural components in SDC B except
Architectural components in SDC B except
parapets supported by bearing or shear walls
parapets supported by bearing or shear walls
with I
with Ip
p = 1.0
= 1.0
3.
3. Mechanical and electrical components in
Mechanical and electrical components in
SDC B
SDC B
4.
4. Mechanical and electrical components in
Mechanical and electrical components in
SDC C, I
SDC C, Ip
p = 1.0
= 1.0

Parapet Failure
Parapet Failure

Exempt Components
Exempt Components
5.
5. Mechanical and electrical components in SDC
Mechanical and electrical components in SDC
D, E, and F, I
D, E, and F, Ip
p = 1.0, flexible connections
= 1.0, flexible connections
between components and ductwork , mounted
between components and ductwork , mounted
<= 4 ft above floor, <= 400 lbs
<= 4 ft above floor, <= 400 lbs
6.
6. Mechanical and electrical components in SDC
Mechanical and electrical components in SDC
D, E, and F, <= 20 lbs, I
D, E, and F, <= 20 lbs, Ip
p = 1.0, flexible
= 1.0, flexible
connections between components and
connections between components and
ductwork or distribution system <= 5 plf
ductwork or distribution system <= 5 plf

Note Exempt Components
Note Exempt Components
Exempts all components where
Exempts all components where S
SDS
DS < 0.167
< 0.167g &
g & S
SD1
D1 <
<
0.067
0.067g
g
Exempts
Exempts components except parapets in Seismic Use
components except parapets in Seismic Use
Groups I & II where
Groups I & II where S
SDS
DS < 0.33
< 0.33g &
g & S
SD1
D1 < 0.133
< 0.133g
g
Exempts mechanical and electrical components with
Exempts mechanical and electrical components with
component importance factor
component importance factor (
(I
Ip
p ) = 1.0 in Seismic Use
) = 1.0 in Seismic Use
Groups I & II where
Groups I & II where S
SDS
DS < 0.50
< 0.50g &
g & S
SD1
D1 < 0.20
< 0.20g
g

Construction Documents
Construction Documents
Table 9.6.1.7
Table 9.6.1.7
Required component seismic design &
Required component seismic design &
quality assurance requirements listed in
quality assurance requirements listed in
Table 9.6.1.7
Table 9.6.1.7
Quality Assurance requirements in
Quality Assurance requirements in
Appendix A.9
Appendix A.9 –
– Section A.9.3
Section A.9.3

Seismic Forces (
Seismic Forces (F
Fp
p)
)
Eq. 9.6.1.3
Eq. 9.6.1.3-
-1
1
0.4 ap SDS Wp
Rp / Ip
( 1 + 2 )
z
h
Fp =
Eq. 9.6.1.3-2 Fp not greater than
Fp = 1.6 SDS Ip Wp
Eq. 9.6.1.3-3 Fp not less than
Fp = 0.3 SDS Ip Wp
Combine horizontal and vertical load effects per
Section 9.5.2.7 substituting Fp for QE

Terms
Terms
F
Fp
p = Seismic design force centered at component
= Seismic design force centered at component’
’s center of
s center of
gravity
gravity
S
SDS
DS = spectral acceleration, short period
= spectral acceleration, short period –
– Section 9.4.1.2.5
Section 9.4.1.2.5
a
ap
p = component amplification factor
= component amplification factor –
– vary from 1.00 to 2.50
vary from 1.00 to 2.50 –
–
Table 9.6.2.2 or Section 9.6.3.2
Table 9.6.2.2 or Section 9.6.3.2
W
Wp
p = component operating weight
= component operating weight
R
Rp
p = component response modification factor
= component response modification factor –
– vary from 1.500
vary from 1.500
to 5.00
to 5.00 –
– Tables 9.6.2.2 or 9.6.3.2
Tables 9.6.2.2 or 9.6.3.2
z
z = height at point of attachment
= height at point of attachment
h
h = average roof height of structure
= average roof height of structure

Seismic Forces
Seismic Forces (
(F
Fp
p)
)
In lieu of Eq. 9.6.1.3
In lieu of Eq. 9.6.1.3-
-1 accelerations at any level may be
1 accelerations at any level may be
determined by the modal analysis procedures of Section
determined by the modal analysis procedures of Section
9.5.6 with
9.5.6 with R
R = 1.0. Upper & lower limits still apply.
= 1.0. Upper & lower limits still apply.
Seismic forces shall be in accordance with Eq. 9.6.1.3
Seismic forces shall be in accordance with Eq. 9.6.1.3-
-4
4
F
Fp
p =
=
Where
Where a
ai
i is the acceleration at level
is the acceleration at level i
i obtained
obtained
from the modal analysis and where
from the modal analysis and where A
Ax
x is the
is the
torsional amplification factor per Eq. 9.5.5.5.2.
torsional amplification factor per Eq. 9.5.5.5.2.
ai ap Wp
Rp / Ip
Ax

Seismic Relative Displacements
Seismic Relative Displacements
Section 9.6.1.4
Section 9.6.1.4
Relative displacements of two connection points
Relative displacements of two connection points
on same structure A
on same structure A
D
Dp
p =
= xA
xA –
– yA
yA Eq. 9.6.1.4
Eq. 9.6.1.4-
-1
1
xA
xA = deflection at building level X determined by
= deflection at building level X determined by
elastic
elastic analysis per Section 9.5.5.7.1
analysis per Section 9.5.5.7.1

Alternately,
Alternately, D
Dp
p may be determined using
may be determined using modal
modal
procedures
procedures per Section 9.5.6.8.
per Section 9.5.6.8.
Story deflections calculated for each mode and
Story deflections calculated for each mode and
combined using appropriate modal combination
combined using appropriate modal combination
procedures.
procedures.
Square root of sum of squares
Square root of sum of squares
Complete quadratic combination
Complete quadratic combination
D
Dp
p not required to be greater than
not required to be greater than
D
Dp =
p = (h
(hx
x –
– h
hy
y )
) aA
aA / h
/ hsx
sx Eq. 9.6.1.4
Eq. 9.6.1.4-
-2
2

Component Importance Factor
Component Importance Factor
Section 9.6.1.5
Section 9.6.1.5
I
Ip
p = 1.5
= 1.5
•
• Life safety component required to function after an
Life safety component required to function after an
earthquake
earthquake
•
• Component contains hazardous content
Component contains hazardous content
•
• Storage racks in structures open to the public
Storage racks in structures open to the public
•
• Seismic use group III
Seismic use group III –
– All components needed for
All components needed for
continued operation or whose failure could impair
continued operation or whose failure could impair
continue d operation
continue d operation
I
Ip
p = 1.0
= 1.0
All other components
All other components

Component Anchorage
Component Anchorage
Section 9.6.1.6
Section 9.6.1.6
•
• Caveat on shallow expansion anchors
Caveat on shallow expansion anchors
•
• Minimum force for anchors embedded in concrete or
Minimum force for anchors embedded in concrete or
masonry
masonry
•
• Include expected conditions of installation including
Include expected conditions of installation including
eccentricities and prying effects
eccentricities and prying effects
•
• Account for stiffness in component with multiple
Account for stiffness in component with multiple
connections
connections
•
• Powder driven fasteners not used for tension load
Powder driven fasteners not used for tension load
applications in SDC D, E, F unless approved for such
applications in SDC D, E, F unless approved for such
loadings
loadings
•
• Anchors in concrete per Section 9.9
Anchors in concrete per Section 9.9

Architectural Component Design
Architectural Component Design
Section 9.6.2
Section 9.6.2
Architectural components shall meet force requirements of
Architectural components shall meet force requirements of
Section 9.6.1.3
Section 9.6.1.3
Components supported by chains or otherwise suspended not
Components supported by chains or otherwise suspended not
required to meet lateral and displacement requirements provided
required to meet lateral and displacement requirements provided
they can not become a hazard or damage other components
they can not become a hazard or damage other components
Components that pose life safety hazard designed for relative
Components that pose life safety hazard designed for relative
displacement requirements of Section 9.6.1.4
displacement requirements of Section 9.6.1.4
Components designed for vertical deflection due to joint
Components designed for vertical deflection due to joint
rotation of cantilevered structural members
rotation of cantilevered structural members

Exterior Nonstructural Wall
Exterior Nonstructural Wall
Elements and Connections
Elements and Connections
Section 9.6.2.4
Section 9.6.2.4
•
• Forces
Forces per
per Eq. 9.6.1.3
Eq. 9.6.1.3-
-1 or 9.6.1.3
1 or 9.6.1.3-
-2
2
•
• Accommodate movements,
Accommodate movements, D
Dp
p, or
, or
temperature changes
temperature changes
•
• Supported by positive and direct structural
Supported by positive and direct structural
supports or by mechanical connections &
supports or by mechanical connections &
fasteners
fasteners
–
– Design per 9.6.2.4.1, paragraphs a through e
Design per 9.6.2.4.1, paragraphs a through e

Suspended Ceilings
Suspended Ceilings
Section 9.6.2.6
Section 9.6.2.6

Suspended Ceilings
Suspended Ceilings
Section 9.6.2.6
Section 9.6.2.6
•
• Weight of ceiling,
Weight of ceiling, W
Wp
p, shall include grid & panels,
, shall include grid & panels,
attached light fixtures, other components
attached light fixtures, other components
laterally supported by ceiling
laterally supported by ceiling
•
• W
Wp
p not less than 4 lbs/ft
not less than 4 lbs/ft2
2
•
• Ceilings in SDC C, D, E, F designed & installed
Ceilings in SDC C, D, E, F designed & installed
per Ceilings and Interior Systems Construction
per Ceilings and Interior Systems Construction
Association (CISCA)
Association (CISCA)

Access Floors
Access Floors
Section 9.6.2.7
Section 9.6.2.7
•
• Weight of access floor,
Weight of access floor, W
Wp
p, shall include
, shall include
weight of floor system, 100% of weight of
weight of floor system, 100% of weight of
all equipment fastened to floor & 25% of
all equipment fastened to floor & 25% of
equipment supported by but not fastened
equipment supported by but not fastened
to the floor
to the floor
•
• Design criteria in Section 9.6.2.7.2 for
Design criteria in Section 9.6.2.7.2 for
access floor to be considered a special
access floor to be considered a special
access floors
access floors

Partitions
Partitions
Section 9.6.2.8
Section 9.6.2.8

Partitions
Partitions
Section 9.6.2.8
Section 9.6.2.8
•
• Partitions tied to ceiling or greater than 6
Partitions tied to ceiling or greater than 6
ft shall be laterally braced to the building
ft shall be laterally braced to the building
structure independent of ceiling splay
structure independent of ceiling splay
bracing
bracing
•
• Glass in partitions designed per Section
Glass in partitions designed per Section
9.6.2.10
9.6.2.10

Steel Storage Racks
Steel Storage Racks
Section 9.6.2.9
Section 9.6.2.9

Steel Storage Racks
Steel Storage Racks
Section 9.6.2.9
Section 9.6.2.9
•
• Supported at structure base designed per
Supported at structure base designed per
Section 9.14, nonbuilding structures
Section 9.14, nonbuilding structures
•
• Supported above base designed per
Supported above base designed per
Sections 9.6.1 & 9.6.2
Sections 9.6.1 & 9.6.2

Glass in Glazed Curtain Walls,
Glass in Glazed Curtain Walls,
Glazed Storefronts, and Glazed Partitions
Glazed Storefronts, and Glazed Partitions
Section 9.6.2.10
Section 9.6.2.10
•
• Must meet relative displacement requirement of Eq.
Must meet relative displacement requirement of Eq.
9.6.2.10.1
9.6.2.10.1-
-1
1
fallout
fallout > 1.25
> 1.25 D
Dp
p I
I or 0.5 in, whichever is greater
or 0.5 in, whichever is greater
fallout
fallout = relative drift causing glass fallout
= relative drift causing glass fallout
D
Dp
p = design relative seismic displacement
= design relative seismic displacement
I
I = occupancy importance factor (Table 9.1.4)
= occupancy importance factor (Table 9.1.4)
•
• Exceptions
Exceptions
–
– Glass with sufficient clearances to frame at design drift
Glass with sufficient clearances to frame at design drift
–
– Fully tempered monolithic glass, Use Groups I & II < 10 ft above
Fully tempered monolithic glass, Use Groups I & II < 10 ft above
walking surface
walking surface
–
– Annealed or heat
Annealed or heat-
-strengthened laminated glass in single
strengthened laminated glass in single
thickness meeting specific criteria
thickness meeting specific criteria

Mechanical and Electrical Component Design
Mechanical and Electrical Component Design
Section 9.6.3
Section 9.6.3
•
• Mechanical and electrical components shall meet force
Mechanical and electrical components shall meet force
and seismic displacement requirements of Sections
and seismic displacement requirements of Sections
9.6.1.3, 9.6.1.4, & Table 9.6.3.2 (component
9.6.1.3, 9.6.1.4, & Table 9.6.3.2 (component
amplification factor (
amplification factor (a
ap
p)
) & component response
& component response
modification factor (
modification factor (R
Rp
p)
)
•
• Exemption for chain or otherwise supported components
Exemption for chain or otherwise supported components
designed to prevent damage to themselves or other
designed to prevent damage to themselves or other
components
components
•
• Fundamental period for components able to be
Fundamental period for components able to be
represented by simple spring and mass single degree of
represented by simple spring and mass single degree of
freedom
freedom
T
Tp
p = 2 p
= 2 p Wp
Kp g

Utility and Service Lines at Structure Interfaces
Utility and Service Lines at Structure Interfaces
Section 9.6.3.7
Section 9.6.3.7
•
• At the interface of adjacent structures or
At the interface of adjacent structures or
portions of the same structure that may move
portions of the same structure that may move
independently, utility lines shall have adequate
independently, utility lines shall have adequate
flexibility to accommodate differential movement
flexibility to accommodate differential movement
•
• For Seismic Use Group III possible interruption
For Seismic Use Group III possible interruption
of utility service shall be considered
of utility service shall be considered

Storage Tanks Mounted in Structures
Storage Tanks Mounted in Structures
Section 9.6.3.9
Section 9.6.3.9
•
• Storage tanks, including their attachments and supports,
Storage tanks, including their attachments and supports,
shall be designed to meet force requirements of Section
shall be designed to meet force requirements of Section
9.14, nonbuilding structures
9.14, nonbuilding structures

HVAC Ductwork
HVAC Ductwork
Section 9.6.3.10
Section 9.6.3.10
Attachments and supports shall be designed to meet force and
displacement provisions of Sections 9.6.1.3 & 9.6.1.4 and
additional provisions of this Section
Special provisions for ductwork systems with
Special provisions for ductwork systems with I
Ip
p = 1.5
= 1.5
Ductwork between structures shall be designed for relative
Ductwork between structures shall be designed for relative
displacements specified in Section 9.6.1.4
displacements specified in Section 9.6.1.4
Seismic restraints not required for ducts with
Seismic restraints not required for ducts with I
Ip
p = 1.0 and
= 1.0 and
Ducts suspended < 12 in. from top of duct to structure
Ducts suspended < 12 in. from top of duct to structure -
- or
or
cross section less than 6 ft
cross section less than 6 ft2
2
Support and bracing requirements for in
Support and bracing requirements for in-
-line items > 75 lbs
line items > 75 lbs

Piping Systems
Piping Systems
Section 9.6.3.11
Section 9.6.3.11

Piping Systems
Piping Systems
Section 9.6.3.11
Section 9.6.3.11
Piping systems attached to structures subject to relative
Piping systems attached to structures subject to relative
displacement or cross isolation boundaries shall be
displacement or cross isolation boundaries shall be
designed for relative displacements
designed for relative displacements
Pressure piping designed per ASME B31,
Pressure piping designed per ASME B31, Code for
Code for
Pressure Piping
Pressure Piping, shall be deemed to meet provisions of
, shall be deemed to meet provisions of
this Section
this Section
Design criteria for piping not designed per ASME B31
Design criteria for piping not designed per ASME B31

Boilers and Pressure Vessels
Boilers and Pressure Vessels
Section 9.6.3.12
Section 9.6.3.12
Seismic design shall include dynamic effects of boiler or
Seismic design shall include dynamic effects of boiler or
pressure vessel, contents to include sloshing, supports,
pressure vessel, contents to include sloshing, supports,
and attached components such as piping
and attached components such as piping
Boilers and pressure vessels designed per ASME
Boilers and pressure vessels designed per ASME Boiler
Boiler
and Pressure Vessel Code
and Pressure Vessel Code shall be deemed to meet
shall be deemed to meet
requirements of this Section
requirements of this Section
Design criteria for boilers and pressure vessels not
Design criteria for boilers and pressure vessels not
designed per ASME
designed per ASME

Electrical Equipment, Attachments, and Supports
Section 9.6.3.14
Section 9.6.3.14

Section 9.6.3.14
Section 9.6.3.14
Special provisions for electrical equipment with
Special provisions for electrical equipment with I
Ip
p = 1.5
= 1.5
Special provisions for attachments and supports for electrical
Special provisions for attachments and supports for electrical
equipment
equipment
Friction clips not used for anchorage
Friction clips not used for anchorage
Oversized washers required at bolted connections through base sh
Oversized washers required at bolted connections through base sheet
eet
metal without stiffeners
metal without stiffeners
Specific evaluation if weak axis bending of light gage support s
Specific evaluation if weak axis bending of light gage support steel
teel
involved
involved
Requirements for components mounted on vibration isolation syste
Requirements for components mounted on vibration isolation systems
ms

Elevator Design Requirements
Elevator Design Requirements
Section 9.6.3.16
Section 9.6.3.16
Elevators shall meet force and displacement provisions of
Elevators shall meet force and displacement provisions of
Section 9.6.3.2. Elevators designed per seismic provisions of
Section 9.6.3.2. Elevators designed per seismic provisions of
ASME
ASME Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators
Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators shall be deemed to
shall be deemed to
meet this Section
meet this Section –
– (See requirements for elevator structural
(See requirements for elevator structural
systems & elevator machinery and controller supports)
systems & elevator machinery and controller supports)
Seismic switches shall be provided for all elevators addressed i
Seismic switches shall be provided for all elevators addressed in
n
Section 9.6.3.16.1 operating at 150 ft/min or greater
Section 9.6.3.16.1 operating at 150 ft/min or greater
Retainer plates are required at the top and bottom of the car an
Retainer plates are required at the top and bottom of the car and
d
counterweight
counterweight

The End
The End
Questions?
Questions?

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•
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