1. YEAR:- 2022-23
INDUSTRIAL A.C. MACHINE (22523)
MICRO PROJECT OF
Market Survey For Selection Of Motor For
2 Person Electric Car
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PROGRAMME
2. ABSTRACT
India today one of the top ten automotive markets in the world and given its
burgeoning middle class population with buying potential and the steady
economic growth, accelerating automotive sales is expected to continue. In the
last couple of years, there has been a lot of discussion around the prices of fuel-
apart from the deregulation of petrol prices. Moreover the threat of disruption of
supplies from the middle east has heightened the debate on energy security and
brought the focus on to alternate drivetrain technologies.
The potential for alternative technologies in automobiles such as electric
vehicles (EV) in India, as in the case of many other comparable markets,
depends on improved battery technologies, driving ranges, government
incentives, regulations, lower prices and better charging infrastructure.
3. NAME OF STUDENTS :-
ROLL NO ENROLLMENT NO NAME OF STUDENTS
3307 2001170193 PRATIK SHRIPATI KHOT
3308 2001170194 SAHIL SURESH JADHAV
3309 2001170195 CHINMAY NITIN JALAVI
4. SELECTION CRITERIA OF MOTOR FOR 2 PERSON
ELECTRIC CAR
a)Power Supply Requirement of Motor :-
There are various factors that determine the power supply of an EV motor. They
are essentially divided into four categories: voltage, electrical capacity,
characteristics, and safety. Depending on the manufacturer, these modules are
connected in series and used to provide voltages such as 280 V or 360 V.
b)Energy Efficiency of Motor :
The relationship between electrical and mechanical yield is provided by electric motor
efficiency. Every electric motor is designed to operate at maximum efficiency at the
specified output. The best energy efficiency (more than 95%) is found in BLDC
motors, BLDC Motors has the highest efficiency. For an electric vehicle, energy
efficiency is estimated at 90%, meaning that 10% of the electricity consumed by the
electric motor has not been used in the propulsion of the vehicle — not a very large
amount.
5. c) Reliability of motor :-
Presently comparing based on the fidelity of the Electric Motor that is breakdowns and
support ought to be least, utmost reliable ones are IM and SRM. PM motors are pursuing
it. The DC Motor is the least trustworthy.
d)Power Requirement :-
The upgraded approach to determine the needed power of the electric motor based on
the acceleration time of the electric car allows a more reasoned selection of the electric
motor and the necessary parameters such as maximum power, maximum and basic
angular speed.
Higher speed factor allows the use of a larger range of the motor characteristic with
maximum power.
SELECTION CRITERIA OF MOTOR FOR 2 PERSON
ELECTRIC CAR
6. e)Speed Requirement of Motor :
The DC motors appear to be one of the best choices according to the traction profile of an
electric vehicle. They have excellent torque speed characteristics and are simple and robust
in their construction.
They have low efficiencies and operate at poor power factors at high speeds. The vector
control of induction motors helps to improve the dynamic performance of the motor and also
its constant power region
These motors are restricted in their constant power region by their breakdown torque.
SELECTION CRITERIA OF MOTOR FOR 2 PERSON
ELECTRIC CAR
7. CALCULATION OF POWER REQUIREMENT FOR GIVEN VEHICLE
We have to find out power requirement of motor in linear motion.
So here,
We are assuming,
Gross weight of car = 650Kg
Max speed of car = 100Km/hr = 27.78m/sec
Efficiency of motor = 90% ……(From the selection criteria)
P = F x V
102 x Efficiency
= 650 x 27.78
102 x 90
P = 1.96Kw
So we have calculated required power for motor at assumed weight and speed of car.
Calculated power is 1.96 kw so we can select the motor of power 2Kw
8. TYPES OF MOTORS USED IN 2 PERSON ELECTRIC CAR
Generally following types of motors are used in electric car. We can select any of the following
motors of 2kw power for 2 person electric car.
1] Brushless DC Motor :-
• It is similar to DC motors with Permanent Magnets. It
is called brushless because it does not have the
commutator and brush arrangement.
• BLDC motors have traction characteristics like high
starting torque, high efficiency around 95-98%, etc.
• The BLDC motors are the most preferred motors for
the electric vehicle application due to its traction
characteristics.
9. TYPES OF MOTORS USED IN 2 PERSON ELECTRIC CAR
2] DC SERIES MOTOR :-
• A DC motor is one in which the field winding is
connected in series to the armature winding.
• Therefore it comes under selfexcited DC motor.
• The advantage of DC series motor is that it produces
high starting torque.
• The disadvantage is that the speed regulation is poor
and the motor should be loaded before starting.
10. TYPES OF MOTORS USED IN 2 PERSON ELECTRIC CAR
3] PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR :-
• This motor is also similar to BLDC motor which has
permanent magnets on the rotor.
• The difference is that PMSM has sinusoidal back EMF
whereas BLDC has trapezoidal back EMF.
• PMSM is the best choice for high performance
applications like cars, buses.
• Most of the automotive manufacturers use PMSM
motors for their hybrid and electric vehicles. For
example, Toyota Prius, Chevrolet Bolt EV, Ford Focus
Electric, zero motorcycles S/SR, Nissan Leaf, Honda
Accord, BMW i3, etc use PMSM motor for propulsion
11. TYPES OF MOTORS USED IN 2 PERSON ELECTRIC CAR
4] AC INDUCTION MOTOR :- :-
• AC motors have important advantages in electric vehicles.
• As motors get larger and performance becomes a
consideration, AC can really show off– for example, the
Tesla zips from 0 to 60 MPH in a mere 3.9 seconds.
• And while the circuitry is more complex, AC systems are
actually simpler to install and safer.
• DC systems can short-circuit the entire battery pack,
possibly causing the motor to catch fire, while a blown AC
inverter simply fails and the car stops.
12. CONCLUSION
Here we can conclude that, from the above types of motors we can select Induction Motor of 2
Kw because of it’s following advantages over other types of motors –
• High max. speed
• High range of field weakening
• Low current at no load and part load operation
• No rare earths necessary
• Robust design
• No hazardous material
• Easy recycling
• High safety with low effort
• Low production costs
The progress that the electric vehicle industry has seen in recent years is not only extremely
welcomed, but highly necessary in light of global greenhouse gas levels.
