I put 4 comment here because in this class the teacher ask for (4 comments only) no 6 as in the previous class. You can write 75 words in each and if you know about the theme or comment and you have substantive answer like your own comment you can write without references. Thanks. Comment 1 Six articles that I have chosen to summarize for my research include the following: Establishing a Nurse Mentor Program to Improve Nurse Satisfaction and Intent to Stay . This article used Benner’s novice to expert theory as a tool to develop a nurse mentor program in an Emergency Department.  The Benner Theory is focused on five levels of expertise five levels of proficiency: * novice * advanced beginner * competent * proficient * expert and the process nurses use to mature in the nursing profession. The nurses volunteered feedback about their experience in the nurse mentor program (Jones, 2016). Nurse retention: A review of strategies to create and enhance positive practice environments in clinical settings . This paper summarizes and reviews the strategies that support retention of nurses through creation and enhancement of positive work environments in the clinical setting (Twigg, D., & McCullough, K., 2014). 2018 National Health Care Retention & RN Staffing Report . This article looks at the value hospitals put on their staff and the correlation to commitment, confidence, and engagement. Hospitals believe that retention is a key strategy and the focusing of enhancing the culture that supports this belief (Colosi, B., March 2018). The impact of nurse residency programs in the United States on improving retention and satisfaction of new nurse hires: An evidence-based literature review.      A focus on entry level newly graduated nurses and the work conditions that may affect retention and satisfaction with job. This literature is aimed at the use of a one-year nurse residency program compared to the traditional orientation and its effects on turnover rates (Eckerson, C. M., 2018). Factors related to the intention to leave and the decision to resign among newly graduated nurses: A complete survey in a selected prefecture in Japan  This study looks at the factors related to intention to leave and the decision to quit among newly graduated nurses (Tei-Tominaga, M., 2012). An Evidence-Based Protocol for Nurse Retention  This article focuses on nurse leaders and the positive relationship and the effects on employee retention and satisfaction (Gess, E., Manojlovich, M., & Warner, S., 2008). Strengths related to using these articles for research are that they all portray relevant information regarding the retention of newly hired nurses and data related to staff retention. The information received from participants would be confidential, so views could be given free from judgement or fear of retaliation. Weakness may be related to the amount of information specific to night shift retention. A Potential weakness may be finding willing particip ...

1. I put 4 comment here because in this class the teacher ask for (4
comments only) no 6 as in the previous class. You can write 75
words in each and if you know about the theme or comment and
you have substantive answer like your own comment you can
write without references. Thanks.
Comment 1
Six articles that I have chosen to summarize for my research
include the following:
Establishing a Nurse Mentor Program to Improve Nurse
Satisfaction and Intent to Stay
. This article used Benner’s novice to expert theory as a tool to
develop a nurse mentor program in an Emergency Department.
The Benner Theory is focused on five levels of expertise five
levels of proficiency: * novice * advanced beginner * competent
* proficient * expert and the process nurses use to mature in the
nursing profession. The nurses volunteered feedback about their
experience in the nurse mentor program (Jones, 2016).
Nurse retention: A review of strategies to create and enhance
positive practice environments in clinical settings
. This paper summarizes and reviews the strategies that support
retention of nurses through creation and enhancement of
positive work environments in the clinical setting (Twigg, D., &
McCullough, K., 2014).
2018 National Health Care Retention & RN Staffing Report
. This article looks at the value hospitals put on their staff and
the correlation to commitment, confidence, and engagement.
Hospitals believe that retention is a key strategy and the

2. focusing of enhancing the culture that supports this belief
(Colosi, B., March 2018).
The impact of nurse residency programs in the United States on
improving retention and satisfaction of new nurse hires: An
evidence-based literature review.
A focus on entry level newly graduated nurses and the work
conditions that may affect retention and satisfaction with job.
This literature is aimed at the use of a one-year nurse residency
program compared to the traditional orientation and its effects
on turnover rates (Eckerson, C. M., 2018).
Factors related to the intention to leave and the decision to
resign among newly graduated nurses: A complete survey in a
selected prefecture in Japan
This study looks at the factors related to intention to leave and
the decision to quit among newly graduated nurses (Tei-
Tominaga, M., 2012).
An Evidence-Based Protocol for Nurse Retention
This article focuses on nurse leaders and the positive
relationship and the effects on employee retention and
satisfaction (Gess, E., Manojlovich, M., & Warner, S., 2008).
Strengths related to using these articles for research are that
they all portray relevant information regarding the retention of
newly hired nurses and data related to staff retention. The
information received from participants would be confidential,
so views could be given free from judgement or fear of
retaliation.
Weakness may be related to the amount of information specific
to night shift retention. A Potential weakness may be finding
willing participants to collect enough data to form a conclusion.

3. Comment 2
Chen, Y. Y., Chi, M. M., Chen, Y. C., Chan, Y. J., Chou, S. S.,
& Wang, F. D. (2013). Using a criteria-based reminder to
reduce the use of indwelling urinary catheters and decrease
urinary tract infections.
American Journal of Critical Care, 22
(2), 105-114.
The article intends to reveal criteria based reminders are useful
in the diagnosis and cure of urinary tract infections.
Strength: This article is only focused on urinary catheters and
discusses every minute detail
Weakness: It does not mention other vital methods for
prevention
Clarke, K., Tong, D., Pan, Y., Easley, K. A., Norrick, B., Ko, C.
... & Stein, J. (2013). Reduction in catheter-associated urinary
tract infections by bundling interventions.
International journal for quality in health care, 25
(1), 43-49. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzs077
The author here proposed interventions to prevent
urinary tract infections.
Strength: the author has not lengthened the article despite
proposing several things

4. Weakness: Without any substantial comparison, an author has
regarded one intervention as best of all others
Gould, C. V., Umscheid, C. A., Agarwal, R. K., Kuntz, G., &
Pegues, D. A. (2010). Guideline for prevention of catheter-
associated urinary tract infections 2009.
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 31
(04), 319-326.
This article is based on the prevention types for catheter-
associated urinary tract infections
Strength: It describes all reasons which may lead to the
development of infection
Weakness: it does not figure out ways in which this infection
may get severe
Hebden, J. N. (2014). Nurse-directed catheter removal protocols
to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection: Strategies
for implementation.
American journal of infection control, 42
(6), 670
The article provides deep insights into how individuals can
benefit from nurse-directed catheter removal protocol
Strength: It helps gain insights into types of urinary tract
infections that patient can encounter
Weakness: it does not declare a suggested method to be an

5. effective one
Magers, T. L. (2013): Using evidence-based practice to reduce
catheter-associated urinary tract infections.
AJN The American Journal of Nursing, 113
(6), 34-42.
The author has mentioned real life and practices to
reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections
Strength: The author motivates its prevention
Weakness: substantially, no prevention methodologies are
mentioned
Parry, M. F., Grant, B., & Sestovic, M. (2013). Successful
reduction in catheter-associated urinary tract infections: focus
on nurse-directed catheter removal.
American journal of infection control, 41
(12), 1178-1181.
In this article, Author has discussed and tried to
measure the role of a nurse in catheter removal
Strength: the charts and diagrams presented are viable for
understanding pain units
Weakness: It has less practical implication due to the non-
addition of any possible solution
Comment 3 3DQ2

6. Two methods for evaluating evidence would be Randomized
Controlled Trials and Observation research. The Observational
research such as surveys and qualitative studies can be a
platform for informing practice. This type or research measures
but does not control the variables. Randomized studies between
control groups is random (Reinhardt, 2010). This design is the
random assignment of study participants to either a group that
receives the treatment being studied (the “treatment group”) or
a group that does not receive the treatment (the “control
group”).
We may also need to determine whether the article supplies
Qualitative vs Quantitative information. Depending on what
type of data is required to defend the hypothesis.
Quantitative – Quantitative research is measurable and uses data
and statistics to form basis for hypothesis (Grove, Gray, and
Burns, 2015).
Qualitative- “Qualitative research is a systematic approach used
to describe experiences and situations from the perspective of
the person in the situation. The researcher analyzes the words of
the participant, finds meaning in the words, and provides a
description of the experience that promotes deeper
understanding of the experience” (Grove, Gray, and Burns,
2015). This type of research is based on perception and
emotions.
Comment 4
For the evaluation of evidence, the use of quantitative and
qualitative methods is the ones on which a medical practitioner

7. can rely. In qualitative methods, use of literature is made along
with previous studies to provide viable arguments.
Comparatively quantitative methods are wise enough to
generate data and compare statistics and then coin any
particular verdict to the evidence. One cannot say that one is
superior over others as both come with pros and cons.
Qualitative methods often make use of interviews and often
believes in professional advice for generating the result. They
do not go into any in-depth study to find out if opinions are
valid or error-free. Quantitative method is known for
conducting data and experiments and processing the data while
correlating them to reach a possible solution (Creswell, 2007).
Hence regarding medical aspects, quantitative data is more
appropriate to rely on than qualitative analysis. Qualitative
methods, however, is essential for increasing knowledge about
any aspect. Though for proper evaluation and for proving a
point, the need of quantitative analysis has reached to a higher
point, without numerical data, it is not wise to make health care
related decisions as it directly affects a life.
Evaluating different evidence methods: There are several
methods of evaluating evidence methods are present, but the
two most common methods of evaluating evidence are Meta-
Analyses and Systematic Reviews. These two methods can help
in the determination of the relevance and validity of the
evidence. During the evaluating evidence both these systematic
reviews and meta-analyses methods as well as similar and
different.
Similarities:
Both the Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses are considered
the highest quality of evidence for clinical decision making and
can be used above all the other methods of evaluating evidence.
Both the methods for evaluating evidence are similar because

8. they involve the collection of data from different sources and
summarizing all the evidence and results of the studies.
Differences:
While systematic review collects and summarizes all the
empirical evidence, the meta-analysis uses statistical methods to
summarize the results of the studies.
Second, Meta-analysis is a statistical method used to combine
the numerical results from such studies, if it is possible to do.
On the other hand, a systematic review is a formal, systematic
and structured approach to review all the relevant literature on a
topic.
Third, the rationale for Meta-analysis is that through the
combination of samples from different studies the overall
sample size is increased, while the rationale for systematic
reviews is that when data is pooled together from different
sources, greater reliability would be obtained.
Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2007). Designing and
conducting mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
Melnyk BM, Fineout- Overholt E, Mays MZ. The evidence-
based practice beliefs and implementation scales: psychometric
properties of two new instruments. Worldviews Evid Based
Nurs. 2008;5(4):208-216.