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Hypertension awareness in young adults
- 2. What is Hypertension? A systolic blood pressure ( SBP) of 140 mm Hg or higher A diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 90 mm Hg or higher Based on the average of two or more properly measured, seated BP readings. On each of two or more office visits. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016).
- 3. Do you know… Hypertension( HTN) is the most common primary diagnosis in America. 50 million or more Americans have high BP. Worldwide prevalence estimates for HTN may be as much as 1 billion. 7.1 million deaths per year may be attributable to hypertension. Hypertension affects approximately 1 in 3 adults in the United States, with only about half of the affected population having Hypertension under control. A growing number of young adults are now at risk for hypertension. Recent research shows that increasing numbers of young adults have higg blood pressure. Hypertension is a very controllable disease, with drastic consequences if left uncontrolled. (HealthyPeople 2020).
- 4. Stages of Hypertension at a glance www.medicaldaily.com
- 6. Risk factors Obesity Age Ethnicity Family history Lifestyle habits- sodium intake, alcohol consumption, lack of physical activity, stress (National Heart, Lung, and Blood and Institute, 2016)
- 8. Types of Hypertension Primary HTN: • also known as essential HTN. • accounts for 95% cases of HTN. • no universally established cause known. Secondary HTN: • less common cause of HTN ( 5%). • secondary to other potentially rectifiable causes. (American Society of Hypertension, 2016)
- 9. Hypertension as a Cardiovascular Risk Hypertension leads to more than half of all heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure cases in the United States. It also increases the risk of kidney failure, blindness, and other serious health consequences. (American Society of Hypertension, 2016)
- 10. Prevention of Hypertension Hypertension can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle by: Following a healthy eating pattern. Maintaining a healthy weight. Being Physically active. Limiting Alcohol consumption. Quitting smoking (for smokers). (National Heart, Lung, and Blood and Institute, 2016)
- 13. Lifestyle Modifications: Weight reduction Obesity cause blood pressure to rises. Obesity is also a risk factor for heart disease. Healthy behaviors to reduce/maintain weight include: Decreasing time in sedentary behaviors such as watching television, playing video games, or spending time online. Increasing physical activity such as walking, biking, aerobic dancing, tennis, soccer, basketball, etc. Decreasing portion sizes for meals and snacks. Reducing portion sizes or frequency of consumption of calorie containing beverages.
- 14. Lifestyle Modifications: Physical activity Physical activity is anything that makes you move your body and burn calories e.g climbing stairs or playing sports. Physical activity helps lower blood pressure and reduce/maintain weight. 30 minutes of moderate level activity on most days of week. Can even break it up into 10 minute sessions. Use stairs instead of elevator, get off bus 2 stops early, Park your car at the far end of the lot and walk! Use physical activity tracking devices such as Fitbit, Apple watch or phone apps to help track and maintain physical activity (American Heart Association, 2016)
- 15. Lifestyle Modifications: Physical activity healthyhabitsforyoungadultstopreventheartdiseasewordpress.com
- 16. Lifestyle Modifications: moderation of alcohol consumption Excess alcohol raises blood pressure and can harm liver, brain, and heart Drinks should be kept to a maximum of one per day for women, and two for men. What counts as a drink? 12 oz beer, 5 oz of wine, 1.5 oz of 80 proof whiskey (National Heart, Lung, and Blood and Institute, 2016)
- 17. Lifestyle Modifications: moderation of alcohol consumption www.mediologiest.com
- 18. Lifestyle Modifications: Dietary changes Limiting sodium intake Buy fresh, plain frozen or canned “no added salt” veggies. Use fresh poultry, lean meat, and fish. Use herbs, spices, and salt-free seasonings at the table and while cooking. Choose convenience foods low in salt. Rinse canned foods to reduce sodium
- 19. Lifestyle Modifications: Dietary changes DASH- Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet is a eating plan that chooses foods that are: Low in saturated and trans fats Rich in potassium, calcium, magnesium, fiber, and protein Lower in sodium (National Heart, Lung, and Blood and Institute, 2016)
- 20. DASH Diet
- 21. Community resources and programs for Hypertension Prevent and Control High Blood Pressure: Mission Possible is a new initiative of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program at the NHLBI, designed to encourage Americans to fight hypertension, to reduce more than 1 million heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure as a result of hypertension each year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). Healthy People 2020 (year) provided objectives aimed at improving the health of all Americans by encouraging collaborations across communities and sectors, empowering individuals toward making informed health decisions and measuring the impact of prevention activities. The American Heart Association's Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations provides guidelines for physical activity for overall health benefits to the heart, lungs and circulation.
- 22. Hypertension Quiz A blood pressure reading below 120/80 is considered… A. pre-hypertension. B. normal. C. too low. Answer-B is the correct answer. A blood pressure reading below 120/80 is considered normal. In general, lower is better. However, very low blood pressures can sometimes be a cause for concern and should be checked out by a doctor.
- 23. Hypertension Quiz If not treated, high blood pressure can lead to… A. stroke. B. kidney failure. C. heart attack and heart failure. D. all of the above. Answer- D is the correct answer. If left untreated, high blood pressure can lead to stroke, kidney failure, heart attack and heart failure
- 24. Sodium Quiz True or False? Watching your sodium intake, can you eat a can of soup for lunch as a good alternative to a hamburger and fries? False – One can of soup can have as much as 1300 mg of sodium. Frozen dinners are a good choice when you are trying to eat less sodium? False – Frozen dinner can contain as much as 1500 mg in just one serving. Herbs, spices, and salt-free seasoning blends are better for cooking and putting on the table. True- Any alternatives or means to consume less sodium is favorable
- 25. References Alcohol Consumption and Hypertension. Retrieved from http://www.mediologiest.com/alcohol-consumption-and-hypertension/ American Society of Hypertension. (2016). ASH overview. Retrieved from http://www.ash-us.org/About-ASH/Overview.aspx Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016). High blood pressure facts. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/data_statistics/fact_sheets/fs_state_hbp.htm Counseling Young Adults with Hypertension (2015). Retrieved from http://www.physiciansweekly.com/counseling-young-adults-with-hypertension/ HealthyPeople 2020. (2016). Heart disease and stroke. Retrieved from https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/heart-disease- and-stroke/objectives Healthy Habits for Young Adults to Prevent Heart Disease (2014). Retrieved from https://healthyhabitsforyoungadultstopreventheartdisease.wordpress.com/ High Blood Pressure In Young Adults Could Lead To Heart Disease. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/high-blood-pressure-young- adults-could-lead-heart-disease-mark-baker Medical Daily. (2015). What causes high blood pressure: The unexpected and the strange. Retrieved from http://www.medicaldaily.com/what-causes- high-blood-pressure-unexpected-and-strange-324104 National Heart, Lung, and Blood and Institute. (2015). Description of the DASH Eating Plan. Retrieved from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health- topics/topics/dash National Heart, Lung, and Blood and Institute. (2016). Risk Factors for High Blood Pressure. Retrieved from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health- topics/topics/hbp/atrisk National Institutes of Health. (2011). More young adults at risk for high blood pressure. Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/magazine/issues/fall11/articles/fall11pg14.html The truth about hypertension (2015). Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/fordtre12/the-truth-about-hypertension-55586288
Editor's Notes
- This presentation will focus on raising awareness, increasing knowledge, and making a significant impact on healthy behaviors among the growing number of young adults at risk for Hypertension
- High Blood Pressure In Young Adults Could Lead To Heart Disease. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/high-blood-pressure-young-adults-could-lead-heart-disease-mark-baker
- Risk Factors for High Blood Pressure Anyone can develop high blood pressure; however, age, race or ethnicity, being overweight, gender, lifestyle habits, and a family history of high blood pressure can increase your risk for developing high blood pressure. Age Blood pressure tends to rise with age. About 65 percent of Americans age 60 or older have high blood pressure. However, the risk for prehypertension and high blood pressure is increasing for children and teens, possibly due to the rise in the number of overweight children and teens. Race/Ethnicity High blood pressure is more common in African American adults than in Caucasian or Hispanic American adults. Compared with these ethnic groups, African Americans: Tend to get high blood pressure earlier in life. Often, on average, have higher blood pressure numbers. Are less likely to achieve target blood pressure goals with treatment. Overweight You are more likely to develop prehypertension or high blood pressure if you’re overweight or obese. The terms “overweight” and “obese” refer to body weight that’s greater than what is considered healthy for a certain height. Gender Before age 55, men are more likely than women to develop high blood pressure. After age 55, women are more likely than men to develop high blood pressure. Lifestyle Habits Unhealthy lifestyle habits can raise your risk for high blood pressure, and they include: Eating too much sodium or too little potassium Lack of physical activity Drinking too much alcohol Stress Family History A family history of high blood pressure raises the risk of developing prehypertension or high blood pressure. Some people have a high sensitivity to sodium and salt, which may increase their risk for high blood pressure and may run in families. Genetic causes of this condition are why family history is a risk factor for this condition. National Heart, Lung, and Blood and Institute. (2016). Risk Factors for High Blood Pressure. Retrieved from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbp/atrisk
- The truth about hypertension. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/fordtre12/the-truth-about-hypertension-55586288
- High blood pressure increases your chance for getting heart disease and kidney disease or for having a stroke. It is especially dangerous because it has no warning signs or symptoms. It is estimated that one in every four Americans has high blood pressure. Once it develops it can last a lifetime. High blood pressure is the most important risk facto for stroke. This can happen with a break in a weakened blood vessel which bleeds in the brain. A stroke can also happen when a blood clot blocks one of the narrowed arteries in the brain. High blood pressure is a major risk for heart attack. The arteries bring oxygen carrying blood to the heart muscle. If the heart cannot get oxygen, chest pain know as angina can occur. If the flow of blood is blocked a hart attack results. Hypertension is also the number one risk factor of congestive heart failure. Which is a condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. Kidneys act as filters to rid the body of wastes. High blood pressure can narrow and thicken the blood vessels. This makes it hard on the kidneys which will filter less blood. This results in waste building up in the blood and may result in the kidneys failing all together. Dialysis or kidney transplant my be needed in this situation.
- Counseling Young Adults with Hypertension. Retrieved from http://www.physiciansweekly.com/counseling-young-adults-with-hypertension/
- Healthy Habits for Young Adults to Prevent Heart Disease. Retrieved from https://healthyhabitsforyoungadultstopreventheartdisease.wordpress.com/
- Excess alcohol raises blood pressure and can harm liver, brain, and heart Drinks should be kept to a maximum of one per day for women, and two for men. What counts as a drink? 12 oz beer, 5 oz of wine, 1.5 oz of 80 proof whiskey
- Alcohol Consumption and Hypertension. Retrieved from http://www.mediologiest.com/alcohol-consumption-and-hypertension/
- https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/dash