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1. Subject Code : 151906
Name Of Subject : Conventional Power Engg.
Name of Unit : Hydro-Electric Power Plant
Topic : Hydro-Electric Power Plant
Prepared by : Snehal koli

2. Introduction
Energy comes in various forms but electrical energy is the most
convenient form of energy since it can be transported with
ease, generated in a number of different ways, and can be
converted into mechanical work or heat energy as and when
required.
Types of Power Plants
Thermal Power Plants
Hydro Power Plants
Apart from these main two types there are plants which use
nuclear energy, solar energy and even wind energy to
generate power.

3. A generating station which utilises the potential energy
of water at a high level for the generation of electrical
energy is known as a hydro-electric power station.
HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT
Sardar Sarovar hydro-electric power project

4. WORKING OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT
Hydro-electric power stations
are generally located in hilly
areas where dams can be built
conveniently and large water
reservoirs can be obtained. In a
hydro-electric power station,
water head is created by
constructing a dam across a
river or lake.

5. From the dam, water is led to a water turbine. The water
turbine captures the energy in the falling water and changes
the hydraulic energy into mechanical energy at the turbine
shaft. The turbine drives the alternator which converts
mechanical energy into electrical energy.

6. Hydro-electric power stations are becoming very
popular because the reserves of fuels (i.e., coal
and oil) are depleting day by day. They have the
added importance for flood control, storage of
water for irrigation and water for drinking
purposes.

7. Hydro Turbine is a Prime mover which converts the Potential
Energy in to useful Mechanical energy.
Turbine :

8. Pelton Wheel Turbine:This type Turbine is used for
high Head and low
Discharge (Head above 180 meters.)
Francis turbine (used at RBPH): This type turbine is
used for medium head and
medium discharge (head 40 to 400 meters.)
Kaplan Turbine (used at CHPH): This type Turbine is
used for low Head and high Discharge (Head 40 to 60
Meters.)
Types of Turbine used :

9. 1.Dam : A barrier across a waterway to
control the flow or raise the level of the water.

10. 2.Reservoir : The water is collected into a
reservoir or an artificial lake.

11. 3.Gate : The intake gate controls the amount
of water flow into the penstock.

12. 4.Rushing water : Hydro electricity is created
by the force of falling water (called
head),which rushes through the penstock and
into the turbine.

13. 5.Penstocks : The penstocks are used to carry
the water from the reservoir to the power
station.

14. 6.Wicket Gates : The wickets gates direct the
rushing water to the turbine blades.

15. 7.Tailrace : The tailrace is the area where the
rushing water leaves the station and is
returned to the river.

16. 8.Turbine : The turbine contains large blades
which are turned by the rushing water,which
turn the turbine shaft.

17. 9.Generator : The turning turbine shaft causes
the generator to turn , which produces
electricity.

18. 10.Transformers : The electricity is passed
through a transformers which steps up the
voltage and moves it out to the electric grid.

19. 11.Electrical Grid : The electricity is
transmitted along a series of wires for
ultimate delivery to customers.

20. 12. : If the river contains too much water from
spring runoff or heavy rains, it can be released
from the reservoir through the spillway.

21. Thank
you
Created by
SNEHAL KOLI