describes the basic structure and functionality of an hybrid power generation system for domestic purposes.

1. Associates
Guide: Associate Professor Gopala Reddy K
Bhushith M K
Chandan Y
Meganashree H R
Akshatha K

2. GLOBAL ENERGY SCENARIO
 At the current energy consumption rate, proven coal
resources should last for about 200years, oil for 40years
and natural gasses for 60years
 As predicted there will be a 40+ percent increase in the
world’s renewable-generated electricity over next 5years
 Wind energy is the world’s fastest growing energy source,
expanding globally at a rate of 25% to 35% annually over
the last decade
 Hydro is the second largest available renewable source
and its energy market is around 20% to 30% annually.
 Solar technologies are predicted to be 4.9% of global
renewable electricity by 2017

3.  Renewable energy sources have attracted special attention
due to the security of energy supply by reducing the
dependence on imported fossil fuels
 And also there is a reduction in emission of green house
gases like co2 from the burning of fossil fuels
 Hence renewable energy sources are sustainable energy
sources that can be relied upon for a long time span and it
is cost effective. Also, considerably efficient

5. SELF SUFFICIENT HOMES
 We know that the electric power which is being supplied
to the domestic consumers by the utility is not continuous,
especially in India. Hence we can make use of renewable
energy sources which are available in and around a
particular house. Such houses are called as -
“Self Sufficient Homes”
 Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind and hydro
can be made use of to generate electric power to satisfy
the power requirements of a house. The most common
types of domestic power generation make use of solar
panels or vertical axis wind turbine or Pico hydro systems.

6.  But using only one of these to generate electricity is less
reliable. Hence all the three renewable sources of energy
mentioned above (solar, wind and hydro) are integrated
together into a hybrid electric power generating system.
This ensures the consumer continuous power supply. And,
the energy generated here can be stored in a battery for
further consumption

7. GENERATION OF
ELECTRICITY FOR
DOMESTIC PURPOSES
(USING SOLAR, WIND & HYDRO)

8. ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION USING
“SOLAR” ENERGY
 The solar cells are interconnected in certain series or parallel
combinations to form modules. These modules are hermetically
sealed for protection against corrosion, moisture, pollution and
weathering
 A combination of suitable module constitutes an array
 One Square meter of fixed array kept facing south yields nearly
0.5kWhr of electrical energy on normal sunny days if the
orientation of the array is adjusted to face the sun’s rays

9.  PV panel which we have made use of consists of 64 cells
which gives an output of 20 Volts
 Electricity generated is stored in a battery for future use

10. ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION USING
“WIND” ENERGY
A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic
energy from the wind into electrical power. A wind
turbine used for charging batteries may be referred to
as a wind charger
 The WECS consists of major components like aero-turbine,
gearing, coupling, and generator
We make use of “Vertical Axis” wind turbines for
domestic purposes as it is cost effective

11.  At normal wind speeds of the range 5m/s to 10m/s, the
WECS generates a voltage of 110 Volts
 We have made use of a “Savonious Wind Turbine”

13. ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION USING
“HYDRO” ENERGY
 When water is pumped into the overhead tank using a
motor, the water falling into the tank has certain amount
of kinetic energy which can be utilized to generate
electricity.
 At the point where the water falls into the tank, a
generator is connected which is coupled to a blade.
 And when the water falls on the blade, it starts rotating
which induces emf inside the armature of the generator
thus producing electricity. A voltage of 80V is obtained
here

15. GOING “HYBRID”
 We integrate all the three electric power generating
modules to optimize the utilization of renewable energies
 Since the output from all the generating modules is
variable, we make use of DC – DC converter to get a
fixed magnitude of DC
 A battery is used to store the electric power generated
 We also make use of a charge controller which facilitates
proper and safe charging of the batteries

17. Advantages Disadvantages
 Hybrid electric power
generating systems usually
supply island networks that
are not connected to an
integrated grid covering
several houses
 Large potential for rural
electrification especially
with renewable energy
sources can be found in
developing countries
 It also provides continuous
power supply to the
consumers as Hybrid power
generation is not seasonal
 Initial cost is high
 Monitoring of turbine speed in
WECS is difficult
 Voltage generated is not
constant and hence voltage
regulators must be used
 Since output is dc in all the
three generating modules,
inverters should be used in
order to utilize the generated
energy for lighting purposes

18. FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS
An “Automatic Charge Controller ” can be
implemented
Once the power requirements of a particular
house is fulfilled and if there is excess power
available , “ Grid – Integration ” can be done
(Power Selling)

20. REFERENCES
 1. J. Bhagwan Reddey, D.N. Reddy ―Probablistic Performance
Assessment of a Roof Top Wind, Solar Photo Voltaic Hybrid Energy
 System‖, Engineering Science and Education Journal, Vol. 2, No. 4,
pp. 281-298, February 2008.
 2. Stanley R. Bull, ―Renewable Energy Today and Tomorrow‖,
Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 89, no. 8, pp. 316-381, August 2001.
 3. R.Chedid & H. Akiki, ―A decision Support Technique for the
Design of Hybrid Solar-Wind Power System‖, IEEE Transaction of
 Energy Conversion Vol. 13, No.1,pp. 154-176, March 1998.
 4. Nabil A. Ahmed & Masafumi Miyatake, ―A Stand-Alone Hybrid
Generation System Combining Solar Photovoltic and Wind Turbine
 with Simple Maximum power Point Tracking Control‖.
 5. Riad Chedid & Safur Rahman, ―Unit Sizing and Control of Hybrid
Wind Solar Power Systems‖, IEEE Transaction of Energy Con
 version, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 181-195, March 1997.
 6. Jozef Paska, Piot & Biczel, Mariusz Klos, ―Experience with Hybrid
Power Generating System‖.