This study analyzed the utilization of the drug bortezomib for the treatment of multiple myeloma at a Brazilian HMO from 2005 to 2014. The use of bortezomib increased over this period, with its use shifting from primarily second line treatment to primarily first line treatment. Specifically, bortezomib use increased from 4 cases in 2006 to 25 cases in 2013, with its proportion of first line use increasing from 25% in 2006 to 68% in 2013. While first line bortezomib has not been proven superior, patients receiving it as a first line treatment in this study had longer survival times compared to those receiving it as a second line treatment.