This document provides guidance on how to write an effective thesis statement. It explains that a thesis statement must have two parts: a subject and an opinion about that subject. It emphasizes that a thesis statement is not just a title, announcement of the subject, or statement of fact. A good thesis statement is restricted to a narrow topic, expresses a single unified idea, and is specific rather than vague. The document also notes that an effective thesis statement serves as a test of whether the main idea meets these requirements and acts as a reminder of the central point the paper aims to make.

1. How to write a Thesis Statement
AP Literature
Coach Peralta

2. What is it?
• Your thesis is the basic stand you take, the
opinion you express, and the central point you
wish to make.
• It’s your controlling idea, tying together and
giving direction to all of the separate elements
in your paper.
• Your primary purpose is to persuade the
reader that your thesis is valid.

3. Most Important!!!!
• The most important thing to understand
before you create your thesis statement is that
it MUST contain two parts, a subject (also
called a topic) and an opinion or assertion
about that subject.

4. Let’s start
• A Thesis statement is one or two sentences
within an introduction that states your central
argument. Remember there are two part to a
thesis statement a subject and an opinion.
• Your opinion must answer the “big” question that is found in
every AP prompt.
– 1. Professor Smith (subject) is a classic absentminded
professor (opinion about subject).
– 2. Professor Smith’s colorful personality (subject)
makes her a great lecturer (opinion).

5. • Limited Subject
• 1. Professor X
• 2. Commercials
Thesis Statement
Professor X is
an incompetent teacher.
Television commercials can
be great entertainment.
• Writing with a thesis gives a paper an intrinsic
dramatic interest. You, as the writer, commit
yourself. You have something at stake: “This is what
I believe, and this is why I’m right.” You say,
“Professor X is incompetent.” Your reader says, “Tell
me why you think so.” You say, “I’ll be glad to.” Your
reader says, “I’m listening,” and you’re ready to go.

6. A Thesis is not…
•
•
•
•
•
1. A Thesis is not a Title
Title: Not a Thesis
An Enlightening Experience
Thesis Statement
My first day at Travis High School was an
enlightening experience.

7. • 2. A Thesis is not an Announcement of the
Subject
• Announcement: Not a Thesis
– This paper will attempt to explain why the boys
split into two hostile groups.
• Thesis Statement
– The boys split into two hostile groups because of
their inherent violent nature

8. • 3. A Thesis Statement is Not a Statement of
Absolute Fact A thesis makes a judgment or
interpretation. There’s no way to spend a
whole paper supporting a statement that
needs no support.
• Fact: Not a Thesis
– 1. Jack felt anger towards Ralph and eventually
formed his own group.
– 2. Anderson High School’s colors are Blue and
Gold.

9. What a Good Thesis Is
• A Good Thesis is Restricted. It deals with
restricted, bite-size issues rather than issues
that would require a lifetime to discuss
intelligently.
• The more restricted the thesis, the better the
chances are for supporting it fully.

10. Samples
• Poor Statement
– The boys are either mean or savage.
• Better Statement
– Roger’s actions represent the basic cruelty inherent in every
human being.
• Poor Statement
– People are too selfish.
• Better Statement
– Teenage selfishness is seen at its worst at 4:15 in the afternoon,
when all student drivers are trying to leave the parking lot.

11. • A Good Thesis is Unified. It expresses one
major idea about its subject. The tight
structure of your paper depends on its
working to support that ONE IDEA.
• POOR: People trapped on islands aren’t
usually captivating, but people have always
liked learning about their stories, and many
fine writers have written about their plights.
• BETTER: Islands provide enchanting settings
for stories that appeal to the basic human
desire for adventure.

12. Let’s Try to Make it Better
• POOR: The new hat policy at school is foolish.
• BETTER:

13. • A Good Thesis is Specific. There is not enough time
to be vague! “The new gym is impressive,” for
example, could mean anything from impressively
beautiful to impressively ugly. With a thesis
statement like “Our principal is cool,” you would
probably have to spend more words defining “cool”
than discussing the principal. Even when there’s no
likelihood of confusion, vague ideas normally come
through as so familiar or dull or universally accepted
that the reader sees no point in paying attention to
them.

14. The thesis statement has TWO MAIN
VALUES:
• 1. It serves as a test of whether your main
idea meets the requirements above; and
• 2. It is a constant, compact reminder of the
point your paper must make, and it is
therefore an indispensable means of
determining the relevancy or irrelevancy, the
logic or lack of logic, of all the material that
goes into the paper.

15. • A Checklist for deciding if your thesis is effective:
• __The thesis statement presents an opinion that is
sufficiently limited.
• __The thesis statement answers “So What” by saying
something meaningful.
• __The thesis statement presents an arguable
statement which can be supported and is worth
exploring.
• __The thesis statement answers all parts of the
question or prompt.
• __The thesis statement asserts a single idea. (No
more than one!)
• __The thesis statement is located at the beginning of
the paper.