How (Un)Ethical Are You Most of us believe that we are ethical and unbiased. We believe that we: Make good decisions Are objective, and Reach fair and rational conclusions Research shows that in reality most fall short of our inflated self-perception, where we have the illusion of objectivity These unconscious or implicit biases can be contrary to our consciously held, explicit beliefs As leaders we need to let go of the notion that our conscious attitudes always represent what we think The prevalence of these biases suggests that the most well being person unwittingly allows conscious thoughts and feeling to influence our objective decisions This article explores four related sources of unintentional unethical decision-making: Implicit forms of prejudice Bias that favours one’s own group A tendency to over-claim credit Conflict of interest 1. Implicit Prejudice: Bias that emerges from unconscious beliefs Research shows that people judge according: to unconscious stereotypes attitudes, or implicit prejudice We learn to associate things that commonly go together and expect them to inevitably co-exist Example: Thunder and rain, grey hair and old age. We automatically make such associations to help us organize our thoughts. We grow to trust these stereo-types, however, they are binding and typically not accurate Because implicit prejudice come from the ordinary and unconscious tendency to make associations, it is distinct from conscious forms of prejudice This explains why people who are free of conscious prejudice still demonstrate biases Example: People who had strong implicit biases were less likely to select women for positions who exhibited “masculine” personalities qualities, such as ambition or independence The biased perception was that these women possessed less social skills than men. 2. In-Group Favouritism: Bias the Favours Your Group Have you ever helped someone get a position by asking a favour. Few people set out to exclude anyone through such acts of kindness In-group favouritism amounts to giving extra credit to someone within your group Yet while discriminating against those who are not part of the group is considered unethical, helping people seemingly close to us is often viewed favourably Research shows that where people are equally qualified and similar in all respects, the person who is considered “part of the group” will unconsciously be seen to be more qualified There is no hatred or hostility….this behaviour is the root of discriminatory favouritism An example of this is where minorities, who are sometimes more qualified, are unconsciously discriminated against 3. Overclaiming Credit: Bias that Favours You People generally hold positive views about themselves Studies show that the majority of people consider themselves above average. The more we think of our own contributions, the less fairly we judge others Research also shows that the more people think o ...