In this guide, we will show you to use keepalived to set up a highly available web service on Ubuntu 16.04 by using a floating IP address that can be moved between two capable web servers. The keepalived daemon can be used to monitor services or systems and to automatically failover to a standby if their’s any problems occur. If the primary server goes down, the floating IP will be moved to the second server automatically, allowing service to resume by the help of floating IP that we are gonna use in this tutorial.
Presented by VEXXHOST, provider of Openstack based Public and Private Cloud Infrastructure
https://vexxhost.com/
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Presented by VEXXHOST, provider of Openstack based Public and Private Cloud Infrastructure
https://vexxhost.com/
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Presented by VEXXHOST, provider of Openstack based Public and Private Cloud Infrastructure
https://vexxhost.com/
The following article is the best simplified steps that will help you install and configure LEMP stack. its written by one of the genius engineers or Rootgate.com
The purpose of OpenVPN is simple; it allows connecting to other devices within one secure network. It allows to keep online data safe by tunneling them through encrypted servers. So if you’re looking for a reliable, easy-to-use system that is adaptable enough to deal with any operating system, then OpenVPN is a no-brainer.
Presented by VEXXHOST, provider of Openstack based Public and Private Cloud Infrastructure
https://vexxhost.com/
In this article we will be showing you the complete deployment steps of Clojure Web Application on Ubuntu 14.04.
Presented by VEXXHOST, provider of Openstack based Public and Private Cloud Infrastructure
https://vexxhost.com/
The following article is the best simplified steps that will help you install and configure LEMP stack. its written by one of the genius engineers or Rootgate.com
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Bolting compliance and security onto an application after it’s been deployed is an easy way to ensure those applications are vulnerable to attack and violate your organizations policy. Yet, that is often the approach that is taken. Developers must shift compliance to the early phases of the process. With InSpec, verifying compliance and security controls is just as easy as running unit tests.
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Installation of Clusterware.
Creating diskgroup / Adding disk to Diskgroup using ASMCA.
Creation of ACFS Volume.
Installation of RAC Database using DBCA.
Nginx is the most potent, open-source, and a high-performance Web server. It can work as a reverse proxy server also, nowadays, is used by most of the most significant websites on the internet.
People pronounced “engine x” for Nginx; it is the hot choice for every website owner to power their site with Nginx.
In comparison to the Apache web server, Nginx is capable of handling more connections with a few amount of memory footprint in each connection.
Read full Article here: https://linuxconcept.com/how-to-install-nginx-on-ubuntu-21-04-server/
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File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Very Secure FTP Daemon (vsftpd) software package which implements FTP.
The vsftpd program is a popular FTP server implementation and is being used by major FTP sites such as kernel.org, redhat.com, isc.org, and freebsd.org. The fact that these sites run the software adds to its “street cred.” vsftpd was designed from the ground up to be fast, stable, and very secure.
Bolting compliance and security onto an application after it’s been deployed is an easy way to ensure those applications are vulnerable to attack and violate your organizations policy. Yet, that is often the approach that is taken. Developers must shift compliance to the early phases of the process. With InSpec, verifying compliance and security controls is just as easy as running unit tests.
This article introduces LAMP software stack on zLinux (Linux on IBM System z). Let’s call it zLAMP. We will delve into configuring and starting up individual components of zLAMP and then downloading, installing and testing few LAMP based off the shelf open source applications
You’re ready to make your applications more responsive, scalable, fast and secure. Then it’s time to get started with NGINX. In this webinar, you will learn how to install NGINX from a package or from source onto a Linux host. We’ll then look at some common operating system tunings you could make to ensure your NGINX install is ready for prime time.
View full webinar on demand at http://nginx.com/resources/webinars/installing-tuning-nginx/
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This presentation will give brief insight information of RAC infrastructure setup. Sometimes DBA doesn’t fully aware of prerequisite and verification steps that needs to perform before installing clusterware, So this session will cover thing to consider before installing clusterware and best practices followed during the whole process.
Agenda
Introduction of RAC
Installation of Clusterware.
Creating diskgroup / Adding disk to Diskgroup using ASMCA.
Creation of ACFS Volume.
Installation of RAC Database using DBCA.
Nginx is the most potent, open-source, and a high-performance Web server. It can work as a reverse proxy server also, nowadays, is used by most of the most significant websites on the internet.
People pronounced “engine x” for Nginx; it is the hot choice for every website owner to power their site with Nginx.
In comparison to the Apache web server, Nginx is capable of handling more connections with a few amount of memory footprint in each connection.
Read full Article here: https://linuxconcept.com/how-to-install-nginx-on-ubuntu-21-04-server/
In this tutorial, we will explain how to get your own GitHub instance running on your own Ubuntu 12.04 VPS. Ubuntu 12.04 is recommended because of some incompatibilities between Python and Ruby on other Linux distributions. Also, make sure you have at least 1GB RAM memory on your VPS. Our first step is to install some required packages and dependencies.
Presented by VEXXHOST, provider of Openstack based Public and Private Cloud Infrastructure
https://vexxhost.com/
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We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
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Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
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PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
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• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
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See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
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The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
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How To Setup Highly Available Web Servers with Keepalived & Floating IPs on Ubuntu 16.04
1.
2. • High availability refers to a system or component that is continuously operational for a
desirably long length of time.
• Availability can be measured relative to “100% operational” or “never failing.”
• A widely-held but difficult-to-achieve standard of availability for a system or product is
known as “five 9s” (99.999 percent) availability.
3. • Since a computer system or a network consists of many parts in which all parts usually
need to be present in order for the whole to be operational, much planning for high
availability centers around backup and failover processing, data storage, and access.
• For any system to be highly available, the parts of a system should be well-designed,
configured thoroughly tested before they are used.
4. • In this guide, we will show you to use keepalived to set up a highly available web service
on Ubuntu 16.04 by using a floating IP address that can be moved between two capable
web servers.
• The keepalived daemon can be used to monitor services or systems and to automatically
failover to a standby if there’s any problems occur.
• If the primary server goes down, the floating IP will be moved to the second server
automatically, allowing service to resume by the help of floating IP that we are gonna use
in this tutorial.
5. Prerequisites:
• In this article we are going to use 2 Ubuntu 16.04 nodes, with 2 CPUs, 1 GB RAM and
40 GB disk on each server with their fully qualified domain name setup and Private
networking enabled within the same data center.
• Let’s log in to both your Ubuntu 16.04 nodes using non-root user with sudo privileges
and then follow the below steps to achieve the target of setting up high availability web
servers with keepalived and floating IP.
6. Nginx Installation:
• Here we will be using Nginx as a simple web server, in order to reduce our operational
complexity besides ‘keepalived’.
• Run the below commands to update your system first with latest packages and
security updates and then install Nginx package on your Ubuntu 16.04 servers.
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install nginx
7. Nginx Installation:
• In order to setup high availability , we need both servers to serve the same content.
• We will use Nginx to indicate that the two servers are serving our requests at any given
time.
• Let’s change the default index.html page on each of our hosts by opening the below
file.
$ sudo vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
8. Nginx Installation:
• On your first server, replace or append the contents of the file with below lines.
Primary Node
• On your second server, replace or append the contents of the file with below contents
and save your changes using :wq! .
Secondary Node
9. Build and Install Keepalived:
• Now install the keepalived daemon on both servers.
• There is a version of keepalived in Ubuntu’s default repositories, which is outdated and
suffers from a few bugs that might prevent our configuration from working.
• We will install the latest version of keepalived from source after installing the
dependencies needed to build the software using the command below.
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev
10. Build and Install Keepalived:
• Once the dependencies are in
place, we can download the
tarball for keepalived by
visiting Official Keepalive
download page to find the
latest version of the software.
11. Build and Install Keepalived:
• Just right-click on the latest version and copy the link address to download this
package on your server using wget on your system.
$ wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.23.tar.gz
• After downloading, extract the archive using tar and move into the extracted folder
using below commands.
$ tar -zxf keepalived-1.2.23.tar.gz
$ cd keepalived-1.2.23
12. Build and Install Keepalived:
• Now compile and install the keepalived
package by flowing the commands
below.
$ ./configure
13. Build and Install Keepalived:
• Your system will be compiled by
showing the configuration parameters
like below.
Keepalived configuration
------------------------
Keepalived version : 1.2.23
Compiler : gcc
Compiler flags : -g -O2
Extra Lib : -lssl -lcrypto –l
crypt Use IPVS Framework : Yes
IPVS sync daemon support : Yes
IPVS use libnl : No
fwmark socket support : Yes
Use VRRP Framework : Yes
Use VRRP VMAC : Yes
Use VRRP authentication : Yes
SNMP keepalived support : No
SNMP checker support : No
SNMP RFCv2 support : No
SNMP RFCv3 support : No
SHA1 support : No
Use Debug flags : No
Memory alloc check : No
libnl version : None
Use IPv4 devconf : No
Use libiptc : No
Use libipset : No
ubuntu@ubuntu-16:~/keepalived-1.2.23$
14. Build and Install Keepalived:
• Now it’s time to install keepalived, let run
the below command and we have all
done for the next step.
$ make
$ sudo make install
15. Setting up Upstart Script for Keepalived:
• After installation of keepalived, we are going to create a simple Upstart script to handle our keepalived service by
creating a new keepalived.conf file within the /etc/init directory to get started.
• Let’s open the file using any of your editor and then specify the run levels in which the service should be started
and stopped. We want this service to be active in all normal conditions (runlevels 2-5) and stopped for all other
runlevels (when reboot, poweroff, or single-user mode is initiated, for instance). So add the below entries in it
starting with its description.
$ sudo vim /etc/init/keepalived.conf
description "load-balancing and high-availability service”
start on runlevel [2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]
16. Setting up Upstart Script for Keepalived:
Since the service is integral to ensuring our web service remains available, we want to restart this
service in the event of any failure. for that we need to specify the actual exec line that will start the
service by adding the --dont-fork option so that Upstart can track the pid correctly.
respawn exec /usr/local/sbin/keepalived --dont-fork
17. Setting up Upstart Script for
Keepalived:
Here is the image view of
the full configurations
shown below, now save
and close the file to move
ahead.
18. Setup Keepalived Configuration:
• The keepalived service looks for its configuration files in the /etc/keepalived directory.
• For this purpose we need to create a directory on both of your servers by using below commands.
$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/keepalived
19. Setup Keepalived Configuration:
• Now before we create the configuration file, find the private IP addresses of both of your servers.
• This can be found with the iproute2 tools by typing below command.
$ ip -4 addr show dev ens3
• Copy this value from both of your systems as we will need to reference these addresses inside of our
configuration files below.
20. Configuring Primary Server:
• On your primary server, create the main keepalived configuration file. The daemon looks for a file
called keepalived.conf inside of the /etc/keepalived directory with below command and put the
following contents in it.
$ sudo vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
vrr_script chk_nginx {
script "pidof nginx”
interval 2
}
21. Configuring Primary Server:
• Then open a block called vrrp_instance which is the main configuration section that defines the
way that keepalived will implement high availability.
• Then assign an ID for this cluster group that will be shared by both nodes.
• We also set up some simple authentication for our keepalived daemons to communicate with one
another.
• After that we will tell keepalived to use the routine we created at the top of the file,
labeled chk_nginx, to determine the health of the local system.
23. Now save the Primary server’s configuration and
move to the Secondary server’s configurations file
setup.
24. Configuring Secondary Server:
• In our secondary server, we will create the companion script on our secondary server by creating file
at /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf on it.
• The most of the configurations will be similar to our Primary server’s configurations file.
• Just make sure to update the proper parameters
for state, priority, unicast_src_ip and unicast_peer.
• And your final secondary server configuration files should be like as shown below.
27. Setup Floating IP
• Here we need to create and assign a floating IP address to the current node whenever the local
keepalived instance becomes the master server.
• The floating IP can assigned from the Vexxhost cloud portal to your working node. Just Login to the
portal and click on “Floating IPS” and then click to create new Floating IP and then Assign it to your
desired server as shown below.
28.
29. Once you have assigned the Floating IP then if you visit the floating IP in your web browser, you
should see your “Primary Server Node” index.html page.
30. Starting Keepalived and Testing Failover:
• As we setup the floating IP to one or our master node. Now we can start the service on both of our
machines by issuing the below commands.
$ sudo systemctl start keepalived
• The service should start up on each server and contact its peer, authenticating with the shared secret we
configured. Each daemon will monitor the local Nginx process and will listen to signals from the remote
keepalived process.
• So, if you visit by opening your web browser by flowing the floating IP address then we will see the Nginx
page of your Primary web server.
31. Starting Keepalived and Testing Failover:
• Now, can test the failover of our configuration.
• The failover should occur the Nginx health check on the primary server indicates that Nginx is no longer running.
• In this case, the primary server’s keepalived daemon will enter the “fault” state.
• It will notify the secondary server that it should transition to the master state and claim the floating IP.
• Or when the secondary server loses its keepalived connection to the primary server.
• If the secondary server cannot reach the primary server for any reason, it will transition to the “master” state and
attempt to claim the floating IP.
32. Starting Keepalived and Testing Failover:
• We can test the first condition by stopping the Nginx service on the primary server.
Primary-Node$sudo service nginx stop
• Now refresh your web browser, you might initially get a response indicating that the page is not available,
but after a while, you will see the Nginx web page of your Secondary server node.
• If you refresh the page again, you will find that the primary server has reclaimed ownership of the floating
IP again.
33. Conclusion:
• That’s it, we have successfully installed and setup Highly Available Web Servers with Keepalived
and Floating IP on primary and secondary Ubuntu 16.04 nodes.
• As you can see, for a simple IP failover, keepalived is much simpler than corosync/pacemaker to set
up.
• So, i hope you have got this article much helpful and interesting.
• If you still found and issue or need to post your suggestions then you are more than welcome to
share your contributions in the comments section.
https://vexxhost.com/