Presentation for Key Stage 3 teenagers (11-16) on how 3D images are made followed by Photoshop walk through tutorial. Basic layout.

1. Making 3D Anaglyph Images

2. Anaglyph 3D images Gallery

8. Where have you seen 3D images?
Video Games – VR Virtual Reality
Cinema –Film and Animation

9. USES FOR 3D IMAGES?

10. USES FOR 3D IMAGES?
Where depth perception is useful

11. USES FOR 3D IMAGES?
- Where depth perception is useful:
• Design – Products – cars, toys, household items etc.
• Presentation of full scale and microscopic
stereographic images:
• Science imaging 3D Models/ Medical models
• Architecture
• Geological illustrations
• NASA
• Stereo imaging of the heart using 3D ultra-sound with
plastic red/cyan glasses

12. Stereoscopic 3 dimensional
visualization applied to multimodal
brain images
Put on 3D glasses

13. Uses of 3D in Industry

14. The science behind stereoscopy (3D
images)
Our brains perceive depth by
combining the images from each
of our eyes, which each see a
scene from a slightly different
perspective.
(This is why covering one eye
hampers depth perception.)
So looking at two pictures that
differ in perspective by the
interocular difference can create a
stereoscopic, or 3-D, image.

15. Test your eyes
• Hold one finger next to your ear. Now stretch
your other arm out straight and hold up
another finger. Now bring your two fingers
together and touch the tips together. Is was
easy right? Now repeat the same procedure
but close one eye. Were you able to touch
your fingers together on the first try? Now
you know how important binocular vision is at
close range.

16. Converged Eyes
• Here’s an example of how your eyes use convergence in the real world. Hold a pen
about one foot in front of your face and look directly at it. You will feel your eyes
both angle towards the pen in order to converge on it, creating a single image of
the pen. What you may not immediately perceive is that everything behind the
pen appears as a double image (diverged.) Now look at the background behind
the pen and your pen will suddenly appear as two pens because your eyes are no
longer converged on it. This “double-image” is retinal disparity at work and it is
helping your brain determine which object is in front of the other.

17. Distance between eyes
• Distance is typically accepted to be an average
of 65mm (roughly 2.5 inches) for a male adult.

18. Stereoscopy (Stereo Pair)
• This is the technique used to create the 3D images.
• Stereoscopy (also called stereoscopics) is a technique for creating or enhancing
the illusion of depth in an image by means of stereopsis for binocular vision.
• Most stereoscopic methods present two offset images separately to the left and
right eye of the viewer.
• These two-dimensional images are then combined in the brain to give the
perception of 3D depth.
Stereoscopic vision

19. When was 3D imaging invented?

20. When was 3D imaging invented?
• Leonardo da Vinci was, to put it mildly, a smart guy. He
was an inventor and scientist as well as an artist, and he
took a special interest in finding ways to realistically render
three-dimensional forms on a flat canvas. And now, a pair
of researchers say that in the early 1500s he might have
created the world’s first 3-D image.
• Even more surprising: It’s the Mona Lisa.
• Or to be more exact, it’s both the Mona Lisa you know, in
the Louvre, and a copy housed in the Prado Museum in
Madrid. Researchers in Germany argue that the Prado
version was painted in da Vinci’s studio at the same time,
from a slightly different position. The distance between
the two perspectives is very close to the distance between
a person’s eyes, creating a stereoscopic 3-D effect when
the two are combined.
• “This points to the possibility that the two [paintings]
together might represent the first stereoscopic image in
world history,” the researchers wrote in their
initial report on the phenomenon last year inPerception
A copy of the Mona Lisa in the Prado Museum (left) is painted from a
slightly different perspective than the original in the Louvre (right).
Together, the paintings make a stereoscopic image — whether da Vinci
knew that or not.
A re-creation of a two-painter scenario for the Louvre and Prado versions of the
Mona Lisa has a second painter, possibly a student, standing to the left and ahead of
da Vinci. The distance between the perspectives (Δ) would have been 69 millimeters,
similar to the distance between a person’s eyes and yielding nearly stereoscopic
images.
The Prado Museum version of the Mona Lisa (left) and the Louvre painting (center) show the
subject from slightly different angles that can combine into a 3-D image (right)

21. There are different systems used so
we can see stereoscopic 3D images.

22. 1. Anaglyph 3D
There are different systems used so
we can see stereoscopic 3D images.

23. 2.Polarization Video
A polarized 3D
system uses polarization glasses to create
the illusion of three-dimensional images
by restricting the light that reaches
each eye, an example of stereoscopy.
There are different systems used so
we can see stereoscopic 3D images.

24. 3.Active Shutter Video
An active shutter 3D system (a.k.a. alternate frame sequencing, alternate
image, AI, alternating field, field sequential or eclipse method) is a technique of
displaying stereoscopic 3D images.
It works by only presenting the image intended for the left eye while blocking the right
eye's view, then presenting the right-eye image while blocking the left eye, and
repeating this so rapidly that the interruptions do not interfere with the perceived
fusion of the two images into a single 3D image.
There are different systems used so
we can see stereoscopic 3D images.

25. Today we will make an
Anaglyph 3D image

26. Anaglyph 3D images Gallery

37. Anaglyph 3D
• There are a couple of terms we need to be
aware of to understand Anaglyph 3D:
• Depth perception
• Anaglyph
• Stereoscopy

38. Why do we see in 3D?
• Depth perception is the visual ability to perceive the world in three
dimensions and the distance of an object.
• 3D anaglyphs work by exploiting our natural ability to perceive depth
using binocular vision.
• Much like a camera, each of our eyes can only see in 2D.
• Our depth perception comes from the fact that each of our eyes sees a
slightly different image from one another, from slightly different angles.
• When the images get processed in our brain — the slight difference in
angles between the two images we get from our eyes — it gives us the
perception of depth.

39. Anaglyph 3D
• Anaglyph 3D is the name given to
the stereoscopic 3D effect achieved by
means of encoding each eye's image using
filters of different (usually chromatically
opposite) colours, typically red and cyan.

40. Anaglyph 3D
• Images are made up of two colour layers,
superimposed, but offset with respect to each
other to produce a depth effect.

41. Anaglyph 3D
Usually the main
subject is in the
centre, while the
foreground and
background are
shifted laterally in
opposite directions.

42. Anaglyph 3D
In order to see things in 3D each eye must see a slightly
different picture.
• This is done in the real world by your eyes being spaced apart so each
eye has its own slightly different view. The brain then puts the two
pictures together to form one 3D image that has depth to it.
• This is called Stereoscopy
Stereoscopy

43. Anaglyph 3D Anaglyph 3D images contain:
• Two images of the same
subject from slightly different
view points.
• Two differently filtered
coloured images, one for each
eye.
• The images are then
superimposed on top of the on
another but offset slightly.
• The RED image is offset slightly
to the LEFT and the CYAN
(GREEN AND BLUE) image is
slightly off set to the Right.

45. Anaglyph 3D
When viewed through the "color-coded"
"anaglyph glasses", each of the two
images reaches the eye it's intended for,
revealing an integrated stereoscopic
image.
The two images, LEFT one RED and the
RIGHT one BLUE/CYAN overlap, they don’t
match up exactly so trick your brain into
seeing one 3D image!

47. Anaglyph 3D
The visual cortex of the brain fuses this into perception of a
three-dimensional scene or composition.

48. Anaglyph Video 3

49. So, to make an Anaglyph 3D image we
need to follow these steps
• A STEREOSCOPIC IMAGE – this is a
STEREO PAIR of images: 2 images of the
same object photographed from a small
distance apart. We can then label each
image ‘LEFT’ and ‘RIGHT’.
• COLOUR SEPARATION RED /CYAN
(one for each eye);
• -the LEFT image is turned RED
• -the RIGHT image is turned CYAN
• THESE TWO IMAGES ARE THEN
COMBINED; superimposed/layered on top
of each other and they are slightly offset.

51. • Q1-How does our brain perceive 3D images?
• A1 -Two different images from our 2 eyes, get overlapped by your
brain to give us depth perception.
• Q2-Give 3 examples of 3D systems.
• A2-Anaglyph, Polarized & Active Shutter
• Q3-Give one example of a disadvantage of an Anaglyph image.
• A3-Colour information is lost because of the colour separation into
red and cyan.
• Q4-What does the 3D image do to your brain?
• A4-It tricks your brain into seeing depth.

52. Anaglyph 3D images Gallery

61. CREATING ANAGLYPHS WITH
JUST 1 IMAGE

62. CREATING ANAGLYPHS WITH
JUST 1 IMAGE

63. Glasses separated from face and
colours shifted differently in each layer

65. • FOREGROUND
• MIDDLEGROUND
• BACKGROUND

66. Photoshop
• Double click the ‘left’ layer again to open up the Layer Style options. Uncheck the
Red channel then hit OK.
• Open the Layer Style options for the ‘right’ layer, but this time uncheck both the
Green and Blue channels.

67. CREATING ANAGLYPHS WITH 2 IMAGES

68. • In the case of ortho-stereoscopic shooting
that would mean your cameras should only be
2.5” apart and your closest subject should
never be any closer than 75 inches (about 6
feet) away.
• Interaxial x 30 = minimum object distance
or
Minimum object distance ÷ 30 = Interaxial