The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s anti- base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) initiative is changing the international tax environment. Cross-border structures which are currently regarded as tax efficient may become less so as the BEPS recommendations are implemented. In response to these changes, many groups are considering whether they need to restructure to adapt. However, the steps associated with restructuring are often complex and multi-jurisdictional, with the potential to carry significant tax risks.