A surety bond is a financial instrument through which an insurance company guarantees the successful performance of an Aon
client to a third party, known as a beneficiary or employer. It is a written agreement that provides compensation in the event
that specified obligations are not performed within a stated period.
Bailment Contracts
A Contract where one party delivers goods to the other upon return basis to fulfil a specific purpose is called bailment contract. It includes two parties namely; bailer and bailee. The person who is delivering the goods is called bailer and the person to whom goods are delivered, is called bailee.
Types of Bailment Contracts
The bailement contracts are classified into Gratuitous bailments and Non – Gratuitous bailments.
Difference between Bailment and Sale
This PPT is about an important topic of Law of Torts which is Nuisance. It can help the students of BA.LLB and LLB. It all contains the relevant case laws and landmark judgments related to Nuisance.
Go through the presentation very carefully and drop your feedback in the comment section.
Chapter 6: FINANCIAL OPERATIONS OF I NSURERSMarya Sholevar
1-Liabilities: Loss Reserves
A loss reserve is the estimated cost of settling claims for losses that have already occurred but that have not been paid as of the valuation date . More specifically, the loss reserve is an estimated amount for (1) claims reported and adjusted but not yet paid, (2) claims reported and filed, but not yet adjusted, and (3) claims for losses incurred but not yet reported to the company .
Loss reserves in property and casualty insurance can be classified as case reserves, reserves based on the loss ratio method, and reserves for incurred but not reported claims.
2-Policyholders’ Surplus
Policyholders’ surplus is the difference between an insurance company’s assets and liabilities . It is not calculated directly—it is the “balancing” item on the balance sheet.
If the insurer were to pay all of its liabilities using its assets, the amount remaining would be policyholders’ surplus.
Surplus can be thought of as a cushion that can be drawn upon if liabilities are higher than expected.
Surplus represents the paid-in capital of investors plus retained income from insurance operations and investments over time.
The level of surplus is also an important determinant of the amount of new business that an insurance company can write.
3-Income and Expense Statement
The income and expense statement summarizes revenues received and expenses paid during a specified period of time .
Revenues are cash inflows that the company can claim as income. The two principal sources of revenues for an insurance company are premiums and investment income.
Earned premiums represent the portion of the premiums for which insurance protection has been provided .
Expenses Partially offsetting the company’s revenues were the company’s expenses, which are cash outflows from the business.
The major expenses for an Insurance Company:
Adjusting claims
Paying the insured losses
Underwriting
4-Measuring Profit or Loss
A simple measure that can be used is the insurance company’s loss ratio and expense ratio.
The loss ratio is the ratio of incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses to premiums earned .
Loss ratio= (Incurred losses+Loss adjustment expenses)/Premiums earned
The expense ratio is equal to the company’s underwriting expenses divided by written premiums .
Expense ratio=Underwriting expenses/Premiums written
5-Rate-Making Methods
Bailment Contracts
A Contract where one party delivers goods to the other upon return basis to fulfil a specific purpose is called bailment contract. It includes two parties namely; bailer and bailee. The person who is delivering the goods is called bailer and the person to whom goods are delivered, is called bailee.
Types of Bailment Contracts
The bailement contracts are classified into Gratuitous bailments and Non – Gratuitous bailments.
Difference between Bailment and Sale
This PPT is about an important topic of Law of Torts which is Nuisance. It can help the students of BA.LLB and LLB. It all contains the relevant case laws and landmark judgments related to Nuisance.
Go through the presentation very carefully and drop your feedback in the comment section.
Chapter 6: FINANCIAL OPERATIONS OF I NSURERSMarya Sholevar
1-Liabilities: Loss Reserves
A loss reserve is the estimated cost of settling claims for losses that have already occurred but that have not been paid as of the valuation date . More specifically, the loss reserve is an estimated amount for (1) claims reported and adjusted but not yet paid, (2) claims reported and filed, but not yet adjusted, and (3) claims for losses incurred but not yet reported to the company .
Loss reserves in property and casualty insurance can be classified as case reserves, reserves based on the loss ratio method, and reserves for incurred but not reported claims.
2-Policyholders’ Surplus
Policyholders’ surplus is the difference between an insurance company’s assets and liabilities . It is not calculated directly—it is the “balancing” item on the balance sheet.
If the insurer were to pay all of its liabilities using its assets, the amount remaining would be policyholders’ surplus.
Surplus can be thought of as a cushion that can be drawn upon if liabilities are higher than expected.
Surplus represents the paid-in capital of investors plus retained income from insurance operations and investments over time.
The level of surplus is also an important determinant of the amount of new business that an insurance company can write.
3-Income and Expense Statement
The income and expense statement summarizes revenues received and expenses paid during a specified period of time .
Revenues are cash inflows that the company can claim as income. The two principal sources of revenues for an insurance company are premiums and investment income.
Earned premiums represent the portion of the premiums for which insurance protection has been provided .
Expenses Partially offsetting the company’s revenues were the company’s expenses, which are cash outflows from the business.
The major expenses for an Insurance Company:
Adjusting claims
Paying the insured losses
Underwriting
4-Measuring Profit or Loss
A simple measure that can be used is the insurance company’s loss ratio and expense ratio.
The loss ratio is the ratio of incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses to premiums earned .
Loss ratio= (Incurred losses+Loss adjustment expenses)/Premiums earned
The expense ratio is equal to the company’s underwriting expenses divided by written premiums .
Expense ratio=Underwriting expenses/Premiums written
5-Rate-Making Methods
Reinsurance is about transferring the risks of Insurance companies to third party organisations. This presentation focuses on the need, the types and the structures of reinsurance. Along with this, the paper also talks about the market in India.
Hi guys! I have uploaded the power point presentation for Principles of Insurance, If any one has queries in regards to this topic, you can comment below,
Thanks!
Sanmeet.
Requirement of insurable interest for life insurance SharfaKhan1
The ppt aims to showcase the essentiality of a claim having a vested insurable interest and the features of insurable interest and the case laws relating to the same.
Abstract
The denial of bail for an indefinite period impinges on fundament rights. The prisoner must not be punished before conviction. Granting of bail always rings for the conflicting interest between liberty of an individual and interest of the society. The Principle underlying release on bail is that an accused person is presumed in law to be innocent until his guild is proved beyond reasonable doubt and as a presumably innocent person; he is entitled to freedom and every opportunity to look after his case, provided his attendance is secured by proper security.
The other object of the release of a person on bail is to secure the presence of the person charged with crime at his trial or at any other time when his presence may lawfully be required and to force him to submit to the jurisdiction and punishment imposed by the Court.
The normal rule is bail and not jail. Again at various occasions, Hon’ble Supreme Court and several High Courts reiterated that ‘the grant of bail is a rule and refusal to bail is an exception.
The significance and sweep of Article 21 make the deprivation of liberty a matter of concern and permissible only when the law authorizing it is reasonable, even-handed and geared to the goals of community good and State necessity spelt out in Article 19.
Grant of bail by the Court is a discretionary order. However, this discretion shall be exercised in judicial manner and not as a matter of course. The order denying the bail shall provide cogent reasons of rejection. The nature of the offence is one of the basic considerations for the grant of bail - more heinous is a crime, the greater is the chance of rejection of the bail, though, however, dependent on the factual matrix of the matter.
,
marine insurance
,
types of marine insurance policy
,
features of marine ins. contract
,
marine perils
,
general average loss vs particular average loss
,
differences bet. the marine and fire ins
Reinsurance is about transferring the risks of Insurance companies to third party organisations. This presentation focuses on the need, the types and the structures of reinsurance. Along with this, the paper also talks about the market in India.
Hi guys! I have uploaded the power point presentation for Principles of Insurance, If any one has queries in regards to this topic, you can comment below,
Thanks!
Sanmeet.
Requirement of insurable interest for life insurance SharfaKhan1
The ppt aims to showcase the essentiality of a claim having a vested insurable interest and the features of insurable interest and the case laws relating to the same.
Abstract
The denial of bail for an indefinite period impinges on fundament rights. The prisoner must not be punished before conviction. Granting of bail always rings for the conflicting interest between liberty of an individual and interest of the society. The Principle underlying release on bail is that an accused person is presumed in law to be innocent until his guild is proved beyond reasonable doubt and as a presumably innocent person; he is entitled to freedom and every opportunity to look after his case, provided his attendance is secured by proper security.
The other object of the release of a person on bail is to secure the presence of the person charged with crime at his trial or at any other time when his presence may lawfully be required and to force him to submit to the jurisdiction and punishment imposed by the Court.
The normal rule is bail and not jail. Again at various occasions, Hon’ble Supreme Court and several High Courts reiterated that ‘the grant of bail is a rule and refusal to bail is an exception.
The significance and sweep of Article 21 make the deprivation of liberty a matter of concern and permissible only when the law authorizing it is reasonable, even-handed and geared to the goals of community good and State necessity spelt out in Article 19.
Grant of bail by the Court is a discretionary order. However, this discretion shall be exercised in judicial manner and not as a matter of course. The order denying the bail shall provide cogent reasons of rejection. The nature of the offence is one of the basic considerations for the grant of bail - more heinous is a crime, the greater is the chance of rejection of the bail, though, however, dependent on the factual matrix of the matter.
,
marine insurance
,
types of marine insurance policy
,
features of marine ins. contract
,
marine perils
,
general average loss vs particular average loss
,
differences bet. the marine and fire ins
Like the rest of the financial services industry, insurers are subject to increasingly complex and prescriptive regulations and standards. In the year ahead, insurers will need to focus on the new U.S.Department of Labor fiduciary standard, which is likely to have a significant effect on how insurance products are sold. Moreover, global developments, especially those related to the developing International Capital Standard, will require insurers to closely monitor – and ideally contribute to – official discussions about how globally active insurers should manage capital
IFRS Report - Important upcoming accounting changes Graeme Cross
The new IFRS 9 rules effective January 2018, and equivalent US GAAP standards (ASU 2016-13) effective in 2019, are aimed at
increasing the accuracy and transparency of how credit risk is represented on a company’s Balance Sheet and P&L. Both new
standards include requirements around the use of both historic as well as forward looking credit information in order to calculate
the provisions for credit losses (Expected Credit Losses).
1. Leasing Industry in Uganda The Ugandan leasing industry is scareyshaunda
1. Leasing Industry in Uganda
The Ugandan leasing industry is still in its infancy. Leasing represents less than one percent of private sector capital formation (approximately 5% of total private sector credit) in Uganda as compared to the average of 14% in emerging markets and 31% in USA. X Company Leasing controls over 85% of the Ugandan leasing market. The Company recognizes the growth potential of leasing and acts as a catalyst to grow the entire industry by:
• Expanding its own profitable operations;
• Educating the marketplace;
• Creating a more effective legal and fiscal environment;
• And, promoting financial sector development by lobbying for new instruments.
There are considerable benefits to making leasing available in a developing economy, as well as challenges. The rationale for leasing is highlighted in the following table:
Table 1. The Case for Leasing
Benefits to Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
Accessibility:
Leasing can allow new businesses with limited capital and credit history or small businesses without a history of financial statements to quickly boost their operations, as long as the cash flow from operations is sufficient to cover the lease service payments. It is not a direct substitute for lending since it does not directly increase operating capital, but when it enables the borrower to avoid using operating capital to purchase an asset, it can have similar results. Security Since lessors own the assets and use the leased asset as the primary security, SMEs can still be eligible for the lease financing when bank loans would not be available.
Duration
: SMEs often have no access to long-term financing (over one year). Leases can provide longer duration financing, often with terms from one to five years.
Payment terms:
Lease payments can be structured to mirror individual cash flow patterns of the lessee in contrast to bank loans, which have standardized repayment schedules.
Process time:
Owing to the collateral-backed nature of the financing, less analysis is required of the customer’s credit worthiness, assets or capital base; less time is needed for assigning other collateral; and, simpler documentation can be used. (This may be countered by the time it takes to acquire the assets, usually from foreign vendors).
Benefits to Lessors
Security:
Since lessors own the assets and can repossess them immediately upon
non-payment, the security is easier to claim than when the financier has to chase after a client’s collateral, often through poorly developed court systems.
Funds usage
: Because the lessor purchases equipment and then leases it there is no opportunity for the lessee to use the funds for other purposes.
Benefits to Financial Sector Development
Cash flow based lending:
Moves the financial industry to rely more on cash flow based lending than on credit history and formal historical financial records.
Diversification:
Broadens product range and competitio ...
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What is a liability in accounting? If you’re a newbie in the business or accounting profession, you will have to learn about basic accounting principles and calculations like liabilities and assets. Assets and liabilities are the core of accounting and all business financial matters rely on them.
With an ever-changing political scene and limited time left to conclude the negotiations for the United Kingdom’s (UK) exit from the European Union (EU), attention is now beginning to turn to the potential consequences of Brexit. This paper discusses the issues that insurers face and considers the interplay between insurers’ contractual obligation to continue to service policies (including paying claims) versus the practical impact that local regulation might have on their ability to do so.
Aon’s cyber capabilities can support organisations in embracing
a risk based approach. This facilitates the deployment of a
more effective cyber insurance strategy to help optimise the
total cost of risk associated with cyber exposures
Reducing an organisation’s property total cost of risk
(TCOR) is fundamental to its operational resiliency and
financial bottom line. Aon Property Laser is a unique
property and business interruption risk management
methodology that incorporates leading-edge diagnostic
and analytical tools to quantify risk exposure. By
identifying and analysing key property performance
indicators, Aon Property Laser helps organisations
to improve their risk profile, while also making the
insurance policy work more effectively should a loss
occur. Our property experts benchmark pre-loss and
post-loss risk management practices, activities and
results, to help assess and optimise an organisation’s
property risk profile.
Many businesses and governments have been reporting on environmental and climate data for over 15 years now, but the way they do is set to change. Following the UN’s Paris
Agreement to address climate risk by cutting greenhouse gas emissions, financial regulators are increasingly concerned about the systemic risks that climate change poses to the financial
system. After the 2008 financial crisis, regulators do not want any disorderly transitions in the market due to a misallocation of capital
Aon has developed a proprietary diagnostic tool to help risk leaders quickly assess their organization’s global supply chain exposures across a variety of key marketplace supply chain indicators.
In the complex and dynamic global risk environment, risk managers play an increasingly vital role in helping their organizations understand, prioritize and manage critical exposures affecting their operations and supply chains.
Today, along with catastrophic property risks, expanding cyber threats, terrorism, supplier insolvency, product integrity and reputational issues, businesses relying on global supply chains must navigate widening geopolitical challenges brought by rising nationalism.
As business leaders, planning, finance and operations executives strive to anticipate how these developments might affect their cross-border trade relationships, effective and forward-looking supply chain risk management is critical to sound decision-making. Aon’s Supply Chain Diagnostic helps clients flag supply chain vulnerabilities and improve resiliency.
Global supply chain management brochureGraeme Cross
Aon’s Approach to supply chain management recognizes the wide spectrum of risks that can negatively impact our clients’ business operations, some of which are common to all industries and others very specific to a particular segment. We bring efficiency to the process by triaging each client’s specific supply chain needs, and deploying a hand-picked team of specialists that can develop industry specific solutions ranging from risk identification and quantification to tailored risk financing programs and claim resolution strategies.
The Aon Global Client Network is the backbone of Aon Risk Solutions’ international network, connecting clients and colleagues with expertise, counsel and resources available in over 120 countries in which Aon Risk Solutions is represented. Aon’s network is the largest majority owned network, unsurpassed in geographic breadth and depth of talent.
On June 27, 2017, a widespread WannaCry ransomware variant referred to by a number of names, including GoldenEye, Petya, NotPetya, and ExPetr, began impacting computer systems around the world. Similar to the recent WannaCry ransomware attack, victims are being asked to pay a ransom of $300 in bitcoin.
Are you a risk or finance leader of an organization with exposures across multiple territories?
Take our Global Optimization Index survey. The 75 questions are
directly related to international risk management and will help you to measure your company’s risk management practices as compared to Aon’s best practice standards and find areas of focus to enhance the performance of your multinational risk management approach.
Aon’s continually growing directory of intellectual capital provides the latest insights into innovative ways of identifying, quantifying, and managing a wide range of current and emerging risks.
Aon’s guide to Political Risk, Terrorism & Political Violence
The Political Risk Map primarily focuses on economic and fiscal risks, specifically in emerging economies, while the Terrorism and Political Violence Map consider issues such as civil commotion and war and has a global focus.
While comparisons are possible across the two maps and certain countries will be affected by both sets of perils, these are two specific risks with accompanying sub-sets of perils that help to establish ratings for each country.
Together these maps are helping our clients to better understand the challenges facing them when operating in diverse, international geographies. We would welcome the opportunity to discuss these challenges in more detail with you and explain how Aon’s Crisis Management teams can help identify, manage and mitigate risks to help insulate your people, assets and operations wherever they are located in the world.
Environmental insurance market status Q1 2017Graeme Cross
This paper provides an update on the status of the marketplace for environmental insurance as of early 2017. It starts with a look at the environmental risks associated with a number of common industrial, commercial and institutional activities, and then considers various aspects of the marketplace, with a look at the insurance companies that sell environmental coverage, a review of who buys it and what is new in the market for this year.
Global Cyber Market Overview June 2017Graeme Cross
Highly publicized attacks on blue chip companies, announcements of alliances formed between insurers, reports of partnerships established with cyber security firms and hiring of renowned experts have all contributed to making cyber one of the hottest topics in the insurance industry. However, behind the hype of the media and the marketing battles fought by insurers and brokers to position themselves as leaders in the market, there is the reality of a genuine opportunity. In this paper, we explore how the cyber insurance market has evolved in recent year
Aon GDPR prepare and protect solution placematGraeme Cross
The EU’s General Data Protection
Regulation (GDPR) comes into effect on
the 25th of May 2018, enforcing strict
new measures for any organisation
globally handling the personal data
of EU individuals.
Organisations have steps to take to
comply with GDPR and meet the
ongoing data privacy rights of their
clients and employees.
Failure to comply may result in enforcement
action, including fines of up to €20 million
or 4% of your organisation’s annual
worldwide revenue, whichever is greater.
“The European Union data privacy landscape is about to undergo dramatic change, with lasting enterprise wide implications for the way that organisations handle, protect and use the personal data of EU individuals.
Organisations of all sizes, across all industries, and geographies that process personal data of EU residents need to take steps now to comply with the new EU General Data Protection Regulation by 2018, to satisfy management fiduciary duties
and avoid potentially costly penalties.”
We live in an era of unprecedented volatility. Trends on three major dimensions – economics, demographics, and geopolitics – combined
with the exponential pace of technology change, are converging to create a challenging new reality for organizations. These forces create opportunities that we cannot even imagine, but also present new frontiers to be explored.
2017 Construction Industry Report HighlightsGraeme Cross
We live in an era of unprecedented volatility. Trends on three major dimensions – economics, demographics, and geopolitics – combined with the exponential pace of technology change, are converging to create a challenging new reality for organizations. These forces create opportunities that we cannot even imagine, but also present new frontiers to be explored.
VAT Registration Outlined In UAE: Benefits and Requirementsuae taxgpt
Vat Registration is a legal obligation for businesses meeting the threshold requirement, helping companies avoid fines and ramifications. Contact now!
https://viralsocialtrends.com/vat-registration-outlined-in-uae/
Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
Cultivating and maintaining discipline within teams is a critical differentiator for successful organisations.
Forward-thinking leaders and business managers understand the impact that discipline has on organisational success. A disciplined workforce operates with clarity, focus, and a shared understanding of expectations, ultimately driving better results, optimising productivity, and facilitating seamless collaboration.
Although discipline is not a one-size-fits-all approach, it can help create a work environment that encourages personal growth and accountability rather than solely relying on punitive measures.
In this deck, you will learn the significance of workplace discipline for organisational success. You’ll also learn
• Four (4) workplace discipline methods you should consider
• The best and most practical approach to implementing workplace discipline.
• Three (3) key tips to maintain a disciplined workplace.
What is the TDS Return Filing Due Date for FY 2024-25.pdfseoforlegalpillers
It is crucial for the taxpayers to understand about the TDS Return Filing Due Date, so that they can fulfill your TDS obligations efficiently. Taxpayers can avoid penalties by sticking to the deadlines and by accurate filing of TDS. Timely filing of TDS will make sure about the availability of tax credits. You can also seek the professional guidance of experts like Legal Pillers for timely filing of the TDS Return.
Tata Group Dials Taiwan for Its Chipmaking Ambition in Gujarat’s DholeraAvirahi City Dholera
The Tata Group, a titan of Indian industry, is making waves with its advanced talks with Taiwanese chipmakers Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC) and UMC Group. The goal? Establishing a cutting-edge semiconductor fabrication unit (fab) in Dholera, Gujarat. This isn’t just any project; it’s a potential game changer for India’s chipmaking aspirations and a boon for investors seeking promising residential projects in dholera sir.
Visit : https://www.avirahi.com/blog/tata-group-dials-taiwan-for-its-chipmaking-ambition-in-gujarats-dholera/
Unveiling the Secrets How Does Generative AI Work.pdfSam H
At its core, generative artificial intelligence relies on the concept of generative models, which serve as engines that churn out entirely new data resembling their training data. It is like a sculptor who has studied so many forms found in nature and then uses this knowledge to create sculptures from his imagination that have never been seen before anywhere else. If taken to cyberspace, gans work almost the same way.
Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and TemplatesAurelien Domont, MBA
This Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit was created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte and BCG Management Consultants, after more than 5,000 hours of work. It is considered the world's best & most comprehensive Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit. It includes all the Frameworks, Best Practices & Templates required to successfully undertake the Digital Transformation of your organization and define a robust IT Strategy.
Editable Toolkit to help you reuse our content: 700 Powerpoint slides | 35 Excel sheets | 84 minutes of Video training
This PowerPoint presentation is only a small preview of our Toolkits. For more details, visit www.domontconsulting.com
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to ma...Lviv Startup Club
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to make small projects with small budgets profitable for the company (UA)
Kyiv PMDay 2024 Summer
Website – www.pmday.org
Youtube – https://www.youtube.com/startuplviv
FB – https://www.facebook.com/pmdayconference
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
2. Overview
A surety bond is a financial instrument through which an insurance company guarantees the successful performance of an Aon
client to a third party, known as a beneficiary or employer. It is a written agreement that provides compensation in the event
that specified obligations are not performed within a stated period.
Benefits include:
The ability to release
working capital and
credit facilities from
the bank
Conditional wording
allowing room for
negotiation with
the beneficiary and
support from the surety
Competitive pricing A reduced need for
tangible security,
relying instead on
a group counter-
indemnity
Surety bonds can be used in a variety of
sectors including:
ƒƒ Construction
ƒƒ Engineering
ƒƒ Support services
ƒƒ Waste
ƒƒ Energy
ƒƒ Manufacturing
ƒƒ Retail
Contract
Bond
Premium
Surety
Process
Principal/
Contractor
Surety/
Guarantor
Beneficiary/
Employer
Overview
Process &
Important
considerations
Performance
bonds
Duty
deferment
Pension deficit
bonds
3. Process
In order for the surety market to consider issuing a bond for a company, they will initially need:
ƒƒ Completed facility and bond application forms
ƒƒ The latest audited company accounts
ƒƒ The most recent set of management accounts (current to within the last three months)
ƒƒ A copy of the proposed bond wording
Important considerations
ƒƒ Financial strength of company
ƒƒ History/track-record of company
ƒƒ Level of indemnity
ƒƒ Type of bond
Types of bonds
Contract
ƒƒ Performance
ƒƒ Advance payment
ƒƒ Retention
Letter of credit replacement
ƒƒ Deductible guarantee
ƒƒ Pension bond
ƒƒ Deferred consideration
Other
ƒƒ Restoration/decommissioning
ƒƒ Environmental
ƒƒ Rural payments agency
ƒƒ Customs
Process &
Important
considerations
Overview
Performance
bonds
Duty
deferment
Pension deficit
bonds
4. Performance bonds
Case Study
These bonds cover the damage or losses suffered by a beneficiary/employer in the event of
non-performance of contractual obligations by the contractor:
ƒƒ Employer often requires the contractor to guarantee their performance
ƒƒ Usually required to cover 10% of the contract value
ƒƒ Will be released upon completion of the contract/maintenance period
ƒƒ Covers the cost to complete the contract - pre or post insolvency
Aon Surety and Guarantee worked with a client to deliver a bonding solution whereby the
Local Authority was investing more than GBP 350 million in the city’s highways network.
Over a five-year period the project aimed to maintain and improve the infrastructure incorporating
thousands of kilometres of roads, footways, bridges, tunnels and highways structures.
Extending to include street lights, street trees, traffic signals and winter road maintenance, the
arrangement drew on the experience of the Surety team to provide a complex solution.
The project’s funding structure required contractual performance to be guaranteed and Aon’s
solution allowed the client to tap into a new and competitive source of capital, freeing up
bank capacity for other more appropriate types of funding
Overview
Process &
Important
considerations
Performance
bonds
Duty
deferment
Pension deficit
bonds
5. Duty deferment
Where a company is required to defer payment of VAT or other duties or levies
as opposed to paying on an individual basis.
Customs guarantee/duty deferment allows up to six weeks deferment, with benefits including:
ƒƒ Improved cash flow
ƒƒ Frees-up bank funding capacity
ƒƒ Reduced administration
Working across a broad range of industries spanning oil, retail, logistics, alcohol and tobacco,
Aon Surety and Guarantee provides duty deferment solutions for its UK and overseas clients.
Liaising with risk, finance and treasury teams, the duty deferment surety bond allows companies
to pay customs and excise duties on a monthly basis, improving cashflow and removing a
significant amount of potential administration. Optimising bank facilities and working capital
management are key drivers when selecting to use the significant and competitively priced
capacity available from the surety industry. Aon Surety and Guarantee are industry leaders in
this field and work with clients to obtain the most suitable solution for their needs.
Charges that can be deferred:
ƒƒ VAT (import and excise duty)
ƒƒ Customs and excise duties
ƒƒ Tobacco duties
ƒƒ Levies under CAP of the EEC
ƒƒ Post clearance demands
ƒƒ Anti-dumping or countervailing imposed duties
Overview
Duty
deferment
Pension deficit
bonds
Overview
Process &
Important
considerations
Performance
bonds
6. Pension deficit bonds
Aon has developed a new and innovative option for those
looking for alternative financing solutions for pension
recovery plans:
ƒƒ Pension deficit bonds provide security to the pension
fund, lengthening the recovery plan
ƒƒ Bonds reduce the risk of future trapped surplus
ƒƒ They draw on a different pool of financing that does not
affect the company’s debt management
ƒƒ Working capital is left unaffected, enabling the
company to invest funds elsewhere
ƒƒ Competitively priced compared to bank solutions
ƒƒ Facilitates corporate restructuring
ƒƒ Facilitates scheme mergers
ƒƒ Can help to manage volatility post-valuation
Benefits over using a letter of credit
Finance
A surety bond accesses a different pool of financing.
This means that while providing a pension scheme with
a letter of credit will reduce a company’s available credit
with its banks, issuing a surety bond will not.
Security
At present, it is likely that the insurers who would
provide the surety bond will have a similar or better
credit rating than the banks that stand behind the
letter of credit.
Pension
deficit bond
overview
Pension
scheme
Sponsoring
employer
Insurer
Premium
Pay-outt
riggereventoccurs
(wheretrig
gereventcouldoccur
if thebon
disnotextended)
Negotiatedchangestof
unding
orinvestmentstr
ategy
Right
ofrecoveryby insurer from sponsoring employer, if trigger eventoccurs
When this would be suitable:
ƒƒ As part of a valuation negotiation
ƒƒ At the renewal of a letter of credit
ƒƒ During an investment review
ƒƒ During corporate restructuring
ƒƒ During a scheme merger
ƒƒ Writing integrated risk management plans
For more information regarding the matters in this
brochure please contact:
Mark Holt
+44 (0)1245 709118
mark.holt@aon.co.uk
Justin Lee
+44 (0)1245 709120
justin.lee@aon.co.uk
Daniel Storr
+44 (0)1245 709119
daniel.storr@aon.co.uk
Contacts
Overview
Pension deficit
bonds
Overview
Process &
Important
considerations
Performance
bonds
Duty
deferment