This document provides instructions for building a home-made hydraulic ram pump. It includes a list of required parts and fittings, assembly notes, operational details, and performance estimates. The typical cost for fittings is $120 and pumps can deliver around 1/8 of the input water flow, varying based on installation specifics like fall height and lift elevation. Tables provide suggested minimum pressure chamber sizes and typical ram pump specifications.
Home Made Hydraulic Ram Pump - Part 1
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto EcolÃŗgico, TecnologÃas Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
Installation and Drive Pipe Construction of the Bamford Hi-Ram PumpFatin62c
Â
The document provides instructions for installing the Bamford "Hi-Ram Pump". It describes two types of drive pipe configurations (Type A and Type B) that can be used with the pump. Type A uses a longer length of larger diameter pipe connected to a shorter length of smaller diameter pipe, while Type B has the pump components situated at the join of the two pipes. The drive pipe and standpipe are critical for proper pump operation. Instructions are provided on sources of water, assembling the drive pipe, connecting the pump components, and testing the initial setup.
This document provides instructions for building a homemade hydraulic ram pump. It includes a list of parts needed to construct a 1-1/4 inch pump, diagrams labeling the parts, and descriptions of how each component works and connects together. Performance expectations are provided in tables, including expected water output rates based on input rates and installation specifications. Test data from a sample 1-1/4 inch pump installation is shown to output around 0.33 gallons per minute with a shutoff head of 22 psi and operating head of 10 psi.
This document provides instructions for building two types of hydraulic ram pumps (HRP1-1 and HRP2-2) that can pump water without electricity. It explains how hydraulic ram pumps work by using the kinetic energy of flowing water to lift a portion of the water to a higher storage tank. The key components are a drive pipe, waste valve, check valve, and air chamber. Detailed steps are provided to assemble the pumps from commonly available plumbing parts. Instructions cover selecting a water source, settling tank, foundations, valves and starting the pumps. Building these pumps allows using the natural flow of water to automatically supply lifted water for homes, cottages or farms.
A Manual on the Hydraulic Ram for Pumping VVater
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto EcolÃŗgico, TecnologÃas Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
Meribah Ram Pump: Installation and User ManualFatin62c
Â
This document provides installation and user instructions for Meribah Ram Pumps. It includes details on how ram pumps work, definitions of key terms, site survey requirements, pump selection guidance, and installation steps. Installation requires measuring water flow and head heights, selecting appropriate pipes and fittings, building foundations and tanks, and connecting the drive and delivery pipes. Proper installation is important for the ram pump to operate effectively at pumping water without electricity or gasoline.
Making a Hydraulic Ram Pump from Simple Plumbing Parts
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto EcolÃŗgico, TecnologÃas Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
The Basicâs of Hydraulic Ram Pumps - Rain Tree FoundationFifi62z
Â
The document provides information about hydraulic ram pumps, including their history, parts, operation, and site installation considerations. It discusses how Joseph Michel Montgolfier invented the first self-acting ram pump in 1796. Over time, hundreds of ram pump designs were manufactured worldwide. The document outlines the basic parts of a ram pump and how they operate using diagrams. It stresses the importance of properly surveying a site to choose the right ram pump model and configuration based on factors like available water source and needed delivery height.
Home Made Hydraulic Ram Pump - Part 1
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto EcolÃŗgico, TecnologÃas Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
Installation and Drive Pipe Construction of the Bamford Hi-Ram PumpFatin62c
Â
The document provides instructions for installing the Bamford "Hi-Ram Pump". It describes two types of drive pipe configurations (Type A and Type B) that can be used with the pump. Type A uses a longer length of larger diameter pipe connected to a shorter length of smaller diameter pipe, while Type B has the pump components situated at the join of the two pipes. The drive pipe and standpipe are critical for proper pump operation. Instructions are provided on sources of water, assembling the drive pipe, connecting the pump components, and testing the initial setup.
This document provides instructions for building a homemade hydraulic ram pump. It includes a list of parts needed to construct a 1-1/4 inch pump, diagrams labeling the parts, and descriptions of how each component works and connects together. Performance expectations are provided in tables, including expected water output rates based on input rates and installation specifications. Test data from a sample 1-1/4 inch pump installation is shown to output around 0.33 gallons per minute with a shutoff head of 22 psi and operating head of 10 psi.
This document provides instructions for building two types of hydraulic ram pumps (HRP1-1 and HRP2-2) that can pump water without electricity. It explains how hydraulic ram pumps work by using the kinetic energy of flowing water to lift a portion of the water to a higher storage tank. The key components are a drive pipe, waste valve, check valve, and air chamber. Detailed steps are provided to assemble the pumps from commonly available plumbing parts. Instructions cover selecting a water source, settling tank, foundations, valves and starting the pumps. Building these pumps allows using the natural flow of water to automatically supply lifted water for homes, cottages or farms.
A Manual on the Hydraulic Ram for Pumping VVater
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto EcolÃŗgico, TecnologÃas Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
Meribah Ram Pump: Installation and User ManualFatin62c
Â
This document provides installation and user instructions for Meribah Ram Pumps. It includes details on how ram pumps work, definitions of key terms, site survey requirements, pump selection guidance, and installation steps. Installation requires measuring water flow and head heights, selecting appropriate pipes and fittings, building foundations and tanks, and connecting the drive and delivery pipes. Proper installation is important for the ram pump to operate effectively at pumping water without electricity or gasoline.
Making a Hydraulic Ram Pump from Simple Plumbing Parts
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto EcolÃŗgico, TecnologÃas Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
The Basicâs of Hydraulic Ram Pumps - Rain Tree FoundationFifi62z
Â
The document provides information about hydraulic ram pumps, including their history, parts, operation, and site installation considerations. It discusses how Joseph Michel Montgolfier invented the first self-acting ram pump in 1796. Over time, hundreds of ram pump designs were manufactured worldwide. The document outlines the basic parts of a ram pump and how they operate using diagrams. It stresses the importance of properly surveying a site to choose the right ram pump model and configuration based on factors like available water source and needed delivery height.
The document summarizes a seminar presentation on hydraulic ram pumps. It begins by defining a hydraulic ram pump as a cyclic water pump powered by hydropower that takes in water at one pressure and flow rate and outputs it at a higher pressure and lower flow rate, requiring no external power source other than flowing water. It then describes the basic components of a hydraulic ram pump as an inlet drive pipe, waste valve, outlet delivery pipe, and two check valves. The working principle is explained as water flowing through the drive pipe and forcing the waste valve closed, creating pressure to open the delivery valve and force some water up the delivery pipe to a higher elevation.
Ram Pump - Installation Manual
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto EcolÃŗgico, TecnologÃas Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
The document provides instructions for how to construct a hydraulic ram pump without welding. It begins with an overview of what a hydraulic ram pump is and how it works. It then details how the author was able to modify plans from a VITA book to create a ram pump that does not require welding. The main body of the document provides diagrams and explanations of the various components of the ram pump and how they function together. It explains the cycle of how water powers the pump, as well as considerations for installation and typical flows. The document concludes by listing specifics for how to construct the ram pump based on the diagrams and instructions provided.
Home Built Hydraulic Ram Pumps - NW Independent Power ResourcesFatin62c
Â
This document provides instructions for building two types of homemade hydraulic ram pumps (HRP1-1 and HRP2-2) that can pump water without electricity. It explains how hydraulic ram pumps work by using the kinetic energy of flowing water to lift a portion of the water to a higher storage tank. The document gives details on selecting a water source, installing intake and drive pipes, constructing valves and pressure chambers, and provides illustrations of the pump's operating sequence. Proper setup and maintenance are emphasized to maximize the pump's efficiency and longevity.
An Experimental Prototype for Low Head Small Hydro Power Generation Using Hydram - University of Nairobi
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto EcolÃŗgico, TecnologÃas Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
Tom describes his hydraulic ram pump water system which pumps water from a creek to a tank over 100 feet higher in elevation without electricity. Key elements include an intake in a steep creek, a tall standpipe, a 1.25 inch steel drive pipe, and a 100 foot suspension of the water line across a river. The ram pump requires a high back pressure of around 50 psi to operate efficiently. It pumps over 1800 gallons of water per day to the elevated tank from an intake only 25 feet lower in elevation, demonstrating the effectiveness of the hydraulic ram pump design.
Gaviotas Hyidraulic Ram Pump: Installation, Operation and Maintenance ManualFatin62c
Â
The document provides installation, operation and maintenance instructions for the Gaviotas Hydraulic Ram pump. It describes the pump's parts and functioning, requiring only a 1-4 meter waterfall of water to pump water long distances without electricity. Installation requires a minimum available flow of 40 liters per minute. Common maintenance issues addressed are an obstructed air vent causing no air in the chamber, and a worn high pressure sealing in the unloading valve.
- Hydraulic ram pumps use a small head of falling water to lift a fraction of the supply flow to a greater height, transferring over 50% of the energy of the driving flow to the delivery flow.
- They work by using the "water hammer" phenomenon where falling water builds up pressure when a valve closes suddenly, forcing open another valve and pumping water up a delivery pipe.
- Hydraulic ram pumps are mechanically simple, requiring only two valves, and have very low maintenance needs, making them reliable for pumping small volumes of water to high elevations.
This document provides guidance on designing a hydraulic ram pump, including key factors to consider, components of the system, and examples of sizing a ram pump for a given situation. Hydraulic ram pumps use the energy of falling water to lift a portion of the water to a higher elevation, requiring only a gravity-fed water source and differences in elevation. The document explains how to calculate the expected output of a ram pump based on the water supply, elevation changes, and other specifications. It also provides tables to help select appropriate pipe sizes and determine ram pump sizing. An example design problem at the end demonstrates how to apply the guidance to size a ram pump system for a small community.
Hydraulic Ram Pumping in Rural Community Development - Rijswijk UniversityFatin62c
Â
The document summarizes research on using hydraulic ram pumps for rural community development in South Africa. It begins by describing a project initiated in 2004 to set up a vegetable garden in Inchanga, KwaZulu Natal, which was supplied with an irrigation system based on a ram pump design. The research focused on improving the pump's performance and tuning it to changing site conditions. It then provides details on the components and operating cycle of ram pumps, presents a numerical model of pump operation, and discusses experimental testing and an implementation project in Inchanga to evaluate pump performance under various conditions.
Cavitation in pumps occurs when vapor bubbles form in areas of low pressure and then implode in areas of higher pressure, damaging pump vanes. Calculating net positive suction head (NPSH) is important for preventing cavitation. NPSH compares the actual pressure of fluid at the pump inlet (NPSHA) to the minimum pressure required by the pump to prevent bubble formation (NPSHreq). Maintaining NPSHA above NPSHreq through methods like pressurizing the suction source can help reduce cavitation.
Centrifugal pumps work by using an impeller to increase the pressure and flow of a liquid. Liquid enters the center of the impeller and is accelerated outward by the curved blades of the impeller. This increases the pressure and flow of the liquid. Calculating the required head of a centrifugal pump involves accounting for static head, pipe friction losses, and adding additional head for safety. Proper pump selection is based on matching the required head and flow rate to the pump performance curves. Cavitation and ensuring adequate Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) are also important considerations for centrifugal pump operation.
Hydraulic Ram Pumps and Sling Pumps - ZetaTalkFatin62c
Â
The document discusses the design and components of hydraulic ram pumps. It provides formulas and tables to help calculate the appropriate size and specifications of a ram pump based on factors like the water supply available, the lift height required, and amount of water needed. An example calculation is also included to demonstrate how to size a ram pump to provide water to a village using the given design considerations and constraints.
Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) refers to the excess pressure of a liquid arriving at a pump suction over the vapor pressure. The document discusses NPSH available in four typical suction systems and how to calculate it using formulas that account for factors like barometric pressure, vapor pressure, suction lift, and friction losses. Cavitation occurs when NPSH available drops below the pump's required NPSH, causing vapor bubbles that rapidly collapse as they pass through the pump impeller and cause damage over time. To prevent issues like reduced performance and vibration, the system must ensure NPSH available exceeds required NPSH by a safety margin, especially for high suction energy pumps.
Possibilities for Locally Fabricated Hydraulic Ram PumpsAnnie Thompson
Â
This document provides information and diagrams about locally fabricated hydraulic ram pumps. It discusses the basic parts and principles of how ram pumps work, including the drive head, delivery head, impulse valve, delivery valve, and air vessel. It also provides tips on construction, such as using galvanized pipe for the drive pipe, making flapper-style delivery valves, and drilling snifter holes to replenish air in the system. Maintenance considerations like cleaning out sediment buildup over time are also covered.
This document discusses cavitation in centrifugal pumps. It defines cavitation as the formation of vapor bubbles when liquid pressure drops below vapor pressure. Cavitation can cause damage, noise, vibration and efficiency losses in pumps. To avoid cavitation, the pump inlet pressure must exceed the net positive suction head required by the pump. Proper pump submergence, suction piping design and avoidance of air in the line can also prevent cavitation. Cavitation reduces pump head and efficiency according to the specific speed of the pump. Higher specific speed pumps are less susceptible to cavitation issues.
This document provides guidance on surveying, designing, and installing hydraulic ram pumps in Nepal. Key steps in the process include measuring the vertical fall from the water source to the pump site, the vertical lift from the pump to the delivery point, and the available water flow. These measurements are used to calculate the expected water output and size the pump appropriately. The document also discusses intake design, drivepipe and delivery pipe installation, and incorporating hydraulic rams into existing gravity flow water systems. The overall aim is to provide villagers with a simple, low-maintenance water pumping solution that can improve lives by reducing water collection times.
A hydraulic ram is a cyclic water pump powered by hydropower that takes in water at one pressure and flow rate and outputs it at a higher pressure but lower flow rate. It has no external energy input and can operate continuously. The components of one hydraulic ram project included a drive pipe, two check valves, an air chamber bottle, a delivery pipe, a source tank, and connectors. It was able to lift water 14 feet using a source height of only 2.75 feet, with an estimated cost of 1000-1200 taka. Hydraulic rams have benefits of using renewable energy at low cost but are limited to hilly areas and have low volumetric efficiency.
Ram Pump: Design, Sizing, Construction and Maintenance of Gravity-Fed System ...Fifi62z
Â
The document provides information about hydraulic ram pump systems including:
1) The components of a hydraulic ram pump system include a header tank, drive pipe, pump basement, delivery pipe, and storage tank. Water is lifted from a source to the header tank and then to the storage tank.
2) Hydraulic ram pumps use the water hammer effect to lift a small amount of water to a greater height using the energy from a large amount of water falling from a small height. Water flow is suddenly stopped, increasing pressure and allowing a portion of the water to enter the delivery pipe.
3) The document discusses the principles behind hydraulic ram pumps, including how kinetic energy is converted to pressure through the water hammer effect
Hydraulic Rams For Off-Stream Livestock Watering - University of GeorgiaFatin62c
Â
Off-stream watering for livestock has several benefits such as improved water quality, animal health, productivity and pasture utilization. Recent studies show that off-stream watering significantly reduces stream bank erosion and the amount of nutrients, sediment and bacteria entering water sources. Providing easy access to water also helps ensure adequate animal weight gains and opens up more flexible pasture management options. Hydraulic ram pumps are a cost-effective alternative to powering off-stream water systems, using the kinetic energy of falling water to pump small quantities of water. They require a minimum vertical fall of 2 feet and water flow of 1-2 gallons per minute to function properly.
The document summarizes a seminar presentation on hydraulic ram pumps. It begins by defining a hydraulic ram pump as a cyclic water pump powered by hydropower that takes in water at one pressure and flow rate and outputs it at a higher pressure and lower flow rate, requiring no external power source other than flowing water. It then describes the basic components of a hydraulic ram pump as an inlet drive pipe, waste valve, outlet delivery pipe, and two check valves. The working principle is explained as water flowing through the drive pipe and forcing the waste valve closed, creating pressure to open the delivery valve and force some water up the delivery pipe to a higher elevation.
Ram Pump - Installation Manual
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto EcolÃŗgico, TecnologÃas Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
The document provides instructions for how to construct a hydraulic ram pump without welding. It begins with an overview of what a hydraulic ram pump is and how it works. It then details how the author was able to modify plans from a VITA book to create a ram pump that does not require welding. The main body of the document provides diagrams and explanations of the various components of the ram pump and how they function together. It explains the cycle of how water powers the pump, as well as considerations for installation and typical flows. The document concludes by listing specifics for how to construct the ram pump based on the diagrams and instructions provided.
Home Built Hydraulic Ram Pumps - NW Independent Power ResourcesFatin62c
Â
This document provides instructions for building two types of homemade hydraulic ram pumps (HRP1-1 and HRP2-2) that can pump water without electricity. It explains how hydraulic ram pumps work by using the kinetic energy of flowing water to lift a portion of the water to a higher storage tank. The document gives details on selecting a water source, installing intake and drive pipes, constructing valves and pressure chambers, and provides illustrations of the pump's operating sequence. Proper setup and maintenance are emphasized to maximize the pump's efficiency and longevity.
An Experimental Prototype for Low Head Small Hydro Power Generation Using Hydram - University of Nairobi
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto EcolÃŗgico, TecnologÃas Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
Tom describes his hydraulic ram pump water system which pumps water from a creek to a tank over 100 feet higher in elevation without electricity. Key elements include an intake in a steep creek, a tall standpipe, a 1.25 inch steel drive pipe, and a 100 foot suspension of the water line across a river. The ram pump requires a high back pressure of around 50 psi to operate efficiently. It pumps over 1800 gallons of water per day to the elevated tank from an intake only 25 feet lower in elevation, demonstrating the effectiveness of the hydraulic ram pump design.
Gaviotas Hyidraulic Ram Pump: Installation, Operation and Maintenance ManualFatin62c
Â
The document provides installation, operation and maintenance instructions for the Gaviotas Hydraulic Ram pump. It describes the pump's parts and functioning, requiring only a 1-4 meter waterfall of water to pump water long distances without electricity. Installation requires a minimum available flow of 40 liters per minute. Common maintenance issues addressed are an obstructed air vent causing no air in the chamber, and a worn high pressure sealing in the unloading valve.
- Hydraulic ram pumps use a small head of falling water to lift a fraction of the supply flow to a greater height, transferring over 50% of the energy of the driving flow to the delivery flow.
- They work by using the "water hammer" phenomenon where falling water builds up pressure when a valve closes suddenly, forcing open another valve and pumping water up a delivery pipe.
- Hydraulic ram pumps are mechanically simple, requiring only two valves, and have very low maintenance needs, making them reliable for pumping small volumes of water to high elevations.
This document provides guidance on designing a hydraulic ram pump, including key factors to consider, components of the system, and examples of sizing a ram pump for a given situation. Hydraulic ram pumps use the energy of falling water to lift a portion of the water to a higher elevation, requiring only a gravity-fed water source and differences in elevation. The document explains how to calculate the expected output of a ram pump based on the water supply, elevation changes, and other specifications. It also provides tables to help select appropriate pipe sizes and determine ram pump sizing. An example design problem at the end demonstrates how to apply the guidance to size a ram pump system for a small community.
Hydraulic Ram Pumping in Rural Community Development - Rijswijk UniversityFatin62c
Â
The document summarizes research on using hydraulic ram pumps for rural community development in South Africa. It begins by describing a project initiated in 2004 to set up a vegetable garden in Inchanga, KwaZulu Natal, which was supplied with an irrigation system based on a ram pump design. The research focused on improving the pump's performance and tuning it to changing site conditions. It then provides details on the components and operating cycle of ram pumps, presents a numerical model of pump operation, and discusses experimental testing and an implementation project in Inchanga to evaluate pump performance under various conditions.
Cavitation in pumps occurs when vapor bubbles form in areas of low pressure and then implode in areas of higher pressure, damaging pump vanes. Calculating net positive suction head (NPSH) is important for preventing cavitation. NPSH compares the actual pressure of fluid at the pump inlet (NPSHA) to the minimum pressure required by the pump to prevent bubble formation (NPSHreq). Maintaining NPSHA above NPSHreq through methods like pressurizing the suction source can help reduce cavitation.
Centrifugal pumps work by using an impeller to increase the pressure and flow of a liquid. Liquid enters the center of the impeller and is accelerated outward by the curved blades of the impeller. This increases the pressure and flow of the liquid. Calculating the required head of a centrifugal pump involves accounting for static head, pipe friction losses, and adding additional head for safety. Proper pump selection is based on matching the required head and flow rate to the pump performance curves. Cavitation and ensuring adequate Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) are also important considerations for centrifugal pump operation.
Hydraulic Ram Pumps and Sling Pumps - ZetaTalkFatin62c
Â
The document discusses the design and components of hydraulic ram pumps. It provides formulas and tables to help calculate the appropriate size and specifications of a ram pump based on factors like the water supply available, the lift height required, and amount of water needed. An example calculation is also included to demonstrate how to size a ram pump to provide water to a village using the given design considerations and constraints.
Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) refers to the excess pressure of a liquid arriving at a pump suction over the vapor pressure. The document discusses NPSH available in four typical suction systems and how to calculate it using formulas that account for factors like barometric pressure, vapor pressure, suction lift, and friction losses. Cavitation occurs when NPSH available drops below the pump's required NPSH, causing vapor bubbles that rapidly collapse as they pass through the pump impeller and cause damage over time. To prevent issues like reduced performance and vibration, the system must ensure NPSH available exceeds required NPSH by a safety margin, especially for high suction energy pumps.
Possibilities for Locally Fabricated Hydraulic Ram PumpsAnnie Thompson
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This document provides information and diagrams about locally fabricated hydraulic ram pumps. It discusses the basic parts and principles of how ram pumps work, including the drive head, delivery head, impulse valve, delivery valve, and air vessel. It also provides tips on construction, such as using galvanized pipe for the drive pipe, making flapper-style delivery valves, and drilling snifter holes to replenish air in the system. Maintenance considerations like cleaning out sediment buildup over time are also covered.
This document discusses cavitation in centrifugal pumps. It defines cavitation as the formation of vapor bubbles when liquid pressure drops below vapor pressure. Cavitation can cause damage, noise, vibration and efficiency losses in pumps. To avoid cavitation, the pump inlet pressure must exceed the net positive suction head required by the pump. Proper pump submergence, suction piping design and avoidance of air in the line can also prevent cavitation. Cavitation reduces pump head and efficiency according to the specific speed of the pump. Higher specific speed pumps are less susceptible to cavitation issues.
This document provides guidance on surveying, designing, and installing hydraulic ram pumps in Nepal. Key steps in the process include measuring the vertical fall from the water source to the pump site, the vertical lift from the pump to the delivery point, and the available water flow. These measurements are used to calculate the expected water output and size the pump appropriately. The document also discusses intake design, drivepipe and delivery pipe installation, and incorporating hydraulic rams into existing gravity flow water systems. The overall aim is to provide villagers with a simple, low-maintenance water pumping solution that can improve lives by reducing water collection times.
A hydraulic ram is a cyclic water pump powered by hydropower that takes in water at one pressure and flow rate and outputs it at a higher pressure but lower flow rate. It has no external energy input and can operate continuously. The components of one hydraulic ram project included a drive pipe, two check valves, an air chamber bottle, a delivery pipe, a source tank, and connectors. It was able to lift water 14 feet using a source height of only 2.75 feet, with an estimated cost of 1000-1200 taka. Hydraulic rams have benefits of using renewable energy at low cost but are limited to hilly areas and have low volumetric efficiency.
Ram Pump: Design, Sizing, Construction and Maintenance of Gravity-Fed System ...Fifi62z
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The document provides information about hydraulic ram pump systems including:
1) The components of a hydraulic ram pump system include a header tank, drive pipe, pump basement, delivery pipe, and storage tank. Water is lifted from a source to the header tank and then to the storage tank.
2) Hydraulic ram pumps use the water hammer effect to lift a small amount of water to a greater height using the energy from a large amount of water falling from a small height. Water flow is suddenly stopped, increasing pressure and allowing a portion of the water to enter the delivery pipe.
3) The document discusses the principles behind hydraulic ram pumps, including how kinetic energy is converted to pressure through the water hammer effect
Hydraulic Rams For Off-Stream Livestock Watering - University of GeorgiaFatin62c
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Off-stream watering for livestock has several benefits such as improved water quality, animal health, productivity and pasture utilization. Recent studies show that off-stream watering significantly reduces stream bank erosion and the amount of nutrients, sediment and bacteria entering water sources. Providing easy access to water also helps ensure adequate animal weight gains and opens up more flexible pasture management options. Hydraulic ram pumps are a cost-effective alternative to powering off-stream water systems, using the kinetic energy of falling water to pump small quantities of water. They require a minimum vertical fall of 2 feet and water flow of 1-2 gallons per minute to function properly.
Optimisation Ram Pump Operation
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For more information, Please see websites below:
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Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
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Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
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Free School Gardening Art Posters =
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Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
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Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
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City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
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Huerto EcolÃŗgico, TecnologÃas Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
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Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
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HYDROELECTRICITY GENERATION BY THE RECYCLING OF WATERaditya agrawal
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The global world is hungry for more energy continuously which has resulted to extra burden to both renewable and non-renewable energy resources. As we know that electrical appliances are increasing the demand of electricity is also increasing. And the time is not far away when we will not have sufficient electricity to run these appliances and water to generate electricity because declining of water level is also continuous day by day whereas the methods and power are limited. For that dark future this is a prototype device by which we can generate subsequent amount of electricity in output with continuous recycling of water having minimum water loss. By virtue of this concept field, of electricity generation will be boomed. The calculations in this concept are theoretical and may serve better on practical. The main motive of this concept is to generate electricity from water with hydraulic turbine and hydraulic ram pump (hydram) and mainly gravity. In which turbine will spin with hammering of water on row of blades, and hydraulic ram pump will accelerate the water pressure, without using any electrical or mechanical energy.
Hydraulic Ram Pump: Plans, Assembly and Notes - Clemson UniversityFatin62c
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This document provides instructions for building a home-made hydraulic ram pump. It includes a list of required parts and fittings, assembly notes, operational details, and performance estimates. The typical cost for fittings is $120 and pumps can deliver around 1/8 of the input water flow, varying based on installation specifics like fall height and lift elevation. Tables provide suggested minimum pressure chamber sizes and typical ram pump specifications.
Design and Construction of a Hydraulic Ram Pump; by Shuaibu Ndache MOHAMMEDFatin62c
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This document discusses the design and construction of a hydraulic ram pump. It begins with an introduction to hydraulic ram pumps and their history. It then describes the design process, providing equations to calculate key parameters like pipe diameter, flow rate, head losses, and efficiency. The results of running these calculations for a sample pump are presented. Finally, the document explains the pump's operating cycle and installation process, and includes diagrams of the fabricated pump system.
Hydraulic Ram Pump: Consumers guide - Delft University of TechnologyFatin62c
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This document provides a guide for consumers on hydraulic rams for water supply. It discusses appropriate water supply options and explains that hydraulic rams can provide water supply in areas with sufficient water flow and elevation change. The document describes the components and basic requirements of a hydraulic ram system, including adequate water source flow, supply head, and delivery head. It also covers site selection factors and installation/maintenance considerations. Appendices provide additional details on hydraulic ram operation, testing results, examples, manufacturer addresses.
A hydraulic ram, or hydram, is a cyclic water pump powered by hydropower. It takes in water at one "hydraulic head" (pressure) and flow rate, and outputs water at a higher hydraulic head and lower flow rate. The device uses the water hammer effect to develop pressure that allows a portion of the input water that powers the pump to be lifted to a point higher than where the water originally started. The hydraulic ram is sometimes used in remote areas, where there is both a source of low-head hydropower and a need for pumping water to a destination higher in elevation than the source. In this situation, the ram is often useful, since it requires no outside source of power other than the kinetic energy of flowing water.
Hydraulic Ram Pump System Design Manual - US Peace Corps, PhilippinesFatin62c
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This document provides a cover page and description for a manual on designing hydraulic ram pump systems for water supply. The manual was authored by Peace Corps Volunteer Page Weil and provides comprehensive guidance for selecting sites, surveying needs, and designing ram pump installations. It includes an introduction, sections on site selection, system design, pump installation, operation and maintenance, examples, and fabrication instructions. The goal is to assist engineers in identifying and constructing ram pump systems for potable water or irrigation in rural areas without electricity.
Theory and Application of Hydraulic Ram Pumps (Hydrams) - S HazarikaFifi62z
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The document discusses hydraulic ram pumps (hydrams), which use the potential energy of falling water to lift a small portion of water to a greater height. Hydrams are simple, reliable, and require minimal maintenance, making them suitable for rural water supply and irrigation where other power sources are not available. The document describes the components and design of hydram systems, including intake, drive pipe, ram, supply line, and storage tank. It provides equations and tables to design hydram systems based on water supply, fall height, lift height, and desired water delivery. The document also discusses applications and limitations of hydrams.
This document describes a remote controlled electrically operated hydraulic jack. It uses a wiper motor to power a hydraulic system that lifts a vehicle. The wiper motor's rotary motion is converted to reciprocal motion through gears to operate the hydraulic jack plunger. An infrared remote control system is used to operate the wiper motor and lift the vehicle remotely without physical exertion. The system aims to help those who are physically challenged by remotely lifting a car jack with a battery-powered motor and hydraulic system.
This document discusses reverse engineering, which is the process of redesigning an existing product to improve its functions, quality, and useful life. Reverse engineering involves measuring an existing physical object without drawings or documentation to develop a CAD model. This process reduces manufacturing costs and allows for redesigning undesirable features. Key steps include digitizing the physical object through contact or non-contact scanning, manipulating the collected data points to develop surface models, and generating CAD files that can be used for applications like manufacturing or medical imaging. The document outlines advantages like cost savings, quality improvements, and competitive advantages through reverse engineering.
This document discusses the design of a hydraulic ram pump to transfer water from a river into a water tank 20 meters high. It begins with an abstract and objectives stating the goal is to design a hydraulic ram pump that can fill a 1200 cubic meter water tank from a river with a flow rate of 120 cubic meters per second. It then reviews the literature on hydraulic ram pumps, discussing their history, working principles, and advantages for developing areas without access to electricity. The document explains that a hydraulic ram pump uses the kinetic energy of flowing water to pump a smaller volume of water to a higher elevation, with only two moving parts. It aims to design a suitable ram pump for the given conditions and river water source.
A hydraulic ram can be assembled from standard plumbing parts to pump water to higher elevations. The document provides instructions on assembling the ram from fittings like pipes, tees, valves, and a pressure tank. It also provides guidance on adjusting the ram for proper pumping by tweaking the swing check valve angle or drive pipe length.
The Bamford Hi-Ram Pump
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For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto EcolÃŗgico, TecnologÃas Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
Hydraulic Ram Made from Standard Plumbing Parts - University of GeorgiaFatin62c
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This document provides instructions for assembling a hydraulic ram pump from standard plumbing parts. The assembly uses a swing check valve, spring loaded check valve, ball valves, unions, gauges and PVC or metal pipes. An inner tube is used as an air bladder in the pressure tank. The ram can be adjusted by changing the angle of the swing check valve or length of the drive pipe. Proper installation and startup is required to displace trapped air in the system.
Submersible pumps are centrifugal pumps that operate submerged in water. They have a series of impellers that spin inside the pump and add pressure to force water through the pump. The number of impellers determines the pressure while the width determines the volume. They are efficient, require little maintenance, and work well in deep wells. However, they are unsuitable for pumping water containing sand or air and should not pump a well dry. Proper installation includes selecting the right drop pipe size and protecting the electrical connection from damage.
This document provides an overview of best practices for installing and maintaining water distribution systems, including water mains, service lines, valves, hydrants, and other components. Key points covered include recommended pipe materials and sizes, minimum burial depths, separation from sewers, procedures for wet and dry taps, and installation details for valves, hydrants, and service connections. Operational considerations are also discussed, such as flushing, valve operation, and hydrant usage. Reference materials including AWWA standards are listed for additional guidance.
This document provides information about common control valve components and types. It discusses how positioners have advanced to take input from sensors, alter control functions, modify valve movements, and interface with communication systems. It then focuses on the most widely used control valve types for industrial fluids: globe valves, rotary valves like ball valves and butterfly valves, and their characteristics. Key factors in valve sizing like system definition, allowable pressure drop, valve characteristic, preliminary selection, and minimum flow are also covered.
This document discusses control valves and their components. It provides details on common valve types including globe valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, and plug valves. It describes the basic components of each valve type as well as their typical applications, advantages, and disadvantages. It also discusses factors to consider when selecting and sizing a control valve for a given application.
The document provides guidance on selecting pumps for sewage systems. It outlines steps for determining pump capacity based on fixture units, total dynamic head accounting for static and friction head, pipe sizing, and selecting an appropriate pump. An example selection process is provided for a 4 bathroom home requiring a pump with 24 GPM capacity at 22 feet of total dynamic head.
- Hydraulic ram pumps use a small fall of water to lift a fraction of the supply flow to a greater height, transferring energy from a larger flow falling through a small head to a smaller flow lifted through a higher head.
- They work through a phenomenon called water hammer, where a sudden decrease in flow pressure causes rapid pressure increases that force open delivery valves.
- An air chamber improves efficiency by allowing delivery to continue after valves close and cushions pressure shocks that could damage pump components.
Based on the information provided:
- Gage pressure (vacuum) = -20 inches of Hg
- Convert to psi: -20 inches Hg x 0.4912 psi/inch Hg = -9.824 psi
- Atmospheric pressure = 14.7 psi
- Liquid level above pump centerline is not provided
To calculate NPSHA:
- Atmospheric pressure (psi) converted to head = 14.7 psi x 2.31 ft/psi = 34 ft
- Gage pressure (vacuum, psi) converted to head = -9.824 psi x 2.31 ft/psi = -22.7 ft
- Static head = Unknown (not provided)
TangentFlow Technical Paper FINAL 221015 OCT 22 2015Corbin Coyes
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The document discusses the design and testing of a new ball valve insert called the vortex insert. The goal was to improve the efficiency and reliability of sucker rod pumps. Laboratory testing found that a prototype insert with a 10mm clockwise helical twist reduced pressure drop by an average of 40% compared to conventional bar-bottom inserts, resulting in 58% more flow. Field data also showed increased production and a 25% reduction in operating costs after installing the new inserts. The vortex insert design aims to minimize issues like pressure drop, gas breakout, and solids buildup that reduce pump efficiency by forcing fluid into a stabilizing vortex motion through the ball valve.
Coconut water extraction mass production machineLuis Cabrera
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Coconut water extraction mass production machine, design production line for 500,000 coconuts per day, including production lines, factory layout, utilities, CIP, waste water plant
High pressure jet cleaner 14 lpm 140 baradmin_PJSPL
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This document provides information about a high pressure cleaner system from PressureJet, including:
1. The key specifications of the PJS 14150 high pressure pump, including a pressure of 140 bar and flow rate of 14 LPM.
2. An open challenge from PressureJet claiming they undergo more rigorous testing and quality control than other manufacturers.
3. Details of the components, accessories, and options included in PressureJet high pressure cleaning systems at different price levels.
This document provides information about a high pressure cleaner system from PressureJet, including:
1. The key specifications of the PJS 14150 high pressure pump, including a pressure of 140 bar and flow rate of 14 LPM.
2. An open challenge from PressureJet claiming they undergo more rigorous testing and quality control than other manufacturers.
3. Details of the components, accessories, and options included in PressureJet high pressure cleaning systems at different price levels.
High Pressure Water Jet cleaner 14 lpm 140 baradmin_PJSPL
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This document provides information about a high pressure cleaner system from PressureJet, including:
1. The key specifications of the PJS 14150 high pressure pump, including a pressure of 140 bar and flow rate of 14 LPM.
2. An open challenge from PressureJet claiming they undergo more rigorous testing and quality control than other manufacturers.
3. Details of the components, accessories, and options included in PressureJet high pressure cleaning systems at different price levels.
High pressure jet cleaner 14 lpm 140 baradmin_PJSPL
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This document provides information about a high pressure cleaner system from PressureJet, including:
1. The key specifications of the PJS 14150 high pressure pump, including a pressure of 140 bar and flow rate of 14 LPM.
2. An open challenge from PressureJet claiming they undergo more rigorous testing and quality control than other manufacturers.
3. Details of the components, accessories, and options included in PressureJet high pressure cleaning systems at different price levels.
High pressure jet cleaner 14 lpm 140 baradmin_PJSPL
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This document provides information about a high pressure cleaner system from PressureJet, including:
1. The key specifications of the PJS 14150 high pressure pump, including a pressure of 140 bar and flow rate of 14 LPM.
2. An open challenge from PressureJet claiming they undergo more rigorous testing and quality control than other manufacturers.
3. Details of the components, accessories, and options included in PressureJet high pressure cleaning systems at different price levels.
High pressure jet cleaner 14 lpm 140 baradmin_PJSPL
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This document provides information about a high pressure cleaner system from PressureJet, including:
1. The key specifications of the PJS 14150 high pressure pump, including a pressure of 140 bar and flow rate of 14 LPM.
2. An open challenge from PressureJet claiming they undergo more rigorous testing and quality control than other manufacturers.
3. Details of the components, accessories, and options included in PressureJet high pressure cleaning systems at different price levels.
This document discusses new developments in hydraulic ram pump technology, including trends toward simpler pump designs that are easier to install and maintain. Specifically, it describes efforts to simplify pumps by removing tuning mechanisms, replacing free air pressure vessels with contained air packets, and designing pumps that can be easily attached and removed from drive pipes. The document also discusses using new materials like plastics to lower costs, especially for small pumps with modest lift requirements, while higher lift pumps still require materials with greater stiffness like steel. Overall the trends are aimed at making ram pump systems cheaper and more accessible for applications like small-scale irrigation.
Hydram: A Low Carbon Technology - Lachana ShresthacharyaFatin62c
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While Nepal has abundant water resources, communities at higher elevations lack access for drinking, farming, and irrigation due to the difference in elevation between the rivers and residential areas. Hydraulic ram pump (hydram) technology provides a low-carbon solution by using the power of flowing water to automatically lift a small amount of water to a greater height where it is needed. Two hydram systems were successfully installed in Dhading district as pilots. They now provide drinking water in Sunaula Bazaar and water for sanitation and hygiene at a school in Mahadevsthan, benefiting local communities.
Two students built a hydraulic ram pump to pump water uphill without electricity. They tested three tension modes on the pump. Mode 2, the medium tension setting, pumped water 53.2% more efficiently and 21% faster than Mode 1, the low tension setting, making it the best mode for pumping water 3 feet downhill and 5 feet uphill. Mode 3, the high tension setting, could not pump water 5 feet uphill so it was less efficient than Mode 2. The students concluded the pump could be useful in places without power by conserving energy and providing water. They received help from their father in assembling parts of the pump.
Hydraulic Ram Pump Links, Book List and Much MoreFatin62c
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The document provides information about hydraulic ram pumps, including websites focused on ram pumps, books about ram pumps, and additional online resources with information and designs for ram pumps. It contains a extensive list of references to materials on the history, theory, design, construction, and application of hydraulic ram pumps.
Nautilus Water Turbine Site Evaluations and Water Power FormulasFatin62c
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This document contains information about measuring head and flow for micro hydro sites, as well as formulas and tables related to water turbines, piping, and electrical systems. It includes instructions for measuring head using a leveling device or pressure gauge, and measuring flow by timing how long it takes to fill a bucket of known volume. Tables provide data on head loss in PVC pipes of different diameters and flows, friction loss for various PVC fittings, and conversion factors and electrical formulas.
Installation of Hydraulic Ram Pump - Thapathali Campus, KathmanduFatin62c
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The document proposes installing a hydraulic ram pump (hydram) in a village in Nepal to provide a renewable source of water. A hydram uses the energy of falling water to pump a portion of the water to a higher elevation, requiring no other energy source. The project aims to design, manufacture, install, and test a hydram to demonstrate the technology for rural villages. Specific objectives are to identify an installation site, design and manufacture a hydram, construct a testing facility, install the hydram, and test its performance. The total proposed cost is 100,000 Nepali rupees. Industrial engineering students will implement the project as part of their studies.
Hydromissions Ram Pump Schematic - Hawke's Bay SurvivalFatin62c
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This document provides information on designing a hydraulic ram pump system. It discusses the components of a ram pump including the supply, drive pipe, ram, delivery pipe, and storage tank. It also provides tables to help size the system based on factors like the water supply rate, vertical fall, lift height, and water demand. An example is given of sizing a system for a village using these design factors and tables to select an appropriate ram, drive pipe diameter and size, and delivery pipe.
This document provides the schematic and parts list for a public domain ramp pump design that can be built using off-the-shelf parts from home improvement stores. The design includes separate assemblies for the inflow check, inflow, outflow check, and ballast that can be screwed together for maintenance. A list of 25 required parts is provided along with the corresponding Lowe's SKU numbers for each part. Hydromissions does not guarantee the output or function of the unit as applications vary.
This document provides instructions for building and installing a hydraulic ram pump. It begins with an overview of what a hydraulic ram is and how it works, using the power of falling water to pump a portion of the water to a higher elevation. It then discusses considerations for site selection and pre-construction planning. The document provides detailed instructions for constructing the waste and check valves and installing and operating the hydraulic ram pump. It includes appendices with additional technical details and worksheets.
Hydraulic Ram Pump Tipsheet - Center for Alternative TechnologyFatin62c
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The hydraulic ram is a simple water pump that uses the power of flowing water to pump a portion of that water to a considerable height above the source. It was invented in the late 1700s and became widely used to provide drinking water to rural homes and farms in the 1800s and 1900s. The ram works through a series of pulses, using increases in water pressure to force water up into a storage chamber around 40-90 times per minute. It can pump water with a head of up to 100 meters using a water fall of just 500mm, and requires little maintenance to operate for over 100 years. It is gaining renewed interest as a low-cost and sustainable water pumping solution.
This document summarizes a student project report on a hydraulic ram pump. It includes sections on the acknowledgements, introduction, working principle, applications and limitations, design considerations, and conclusions. The project was guided by lecturers from the mechanical engineering department and aimed to study how hydraulic ram pumps can be used to pump water from streams or springs to higher elevations in a simple and reliable way using renewable energy. The summary highlights the key components and working cycle of ram pumps in lifting a small amount of water a great height using the energy of a larger falling water flow.
Hydraulic Ram Pump - G.U.N.T., Equipment for Engineering Education Fatin62c
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The document describes an experimental setup for demonstrating the function of a hydraulic ram pump. The setup includes pipework with connections, two raised tanks, and a valve block with an air vessel. Water is supplied either from the mains or a closed water circuit system. The hydraulic ram pump utilizes the kinetic energy of flowing water in a long pipe to pump water to a higher level without additional mechanical energy input. When the water flow is suddenly stopped by a valve, the water hammer effect develops and converts the flow's kinetic energy into potential energy that lifts water into the raised tanks. The setup allows users to clearly observe the hydraulic ram pumping cycle and generation of pressure waves.
Hydraulic Ram Pump - Centre for Rural Technology, NepalFatin62c
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The document discusses the hydraulic ram pump, which uses a large flow of water falling through a small head to lift a small flow of water through a higher head. It has only two moving parts - valves - making it mechanically simple. Potential applications include household water supply, irrigation of small to medium farms, and supporting livelihoods like cattle or fish farming. The Center for Rural Technology in Nepal has implemented 12 hydraulic ram pumps across several districts with positive impacts like improved sanitation and hygiene, increased school attendance, reduced water fetching time, and expanded vegetable production and incomes. Challenges to water and sanitation projects in remote mountain communities include high infrastructure costs, unreliable energy access, and cash flow issues.
This document provides specifications for various hydraulic piston pump models, including dimensions and performance characteristics. It describes slanting disc type pumps with nominal pressures ranging from 2.5 to 400 MPa and displacements from 1.25 to 400 cc/rev. Key specifications listed include theoretical flow rate, maximum torque, nominal pressure, nominal displacement, and maximum drive power for each model. Dimensional drawings and size charts with labels for the various parts are also provided.
This document discusses the design and testing of an efficient, locally made hydraulic ram pump (hydram) in Sameerwadi, Karnataka, India. The project aims to provide adequate domestic water supply to rural populations using renewable energy. It is sponsored by Godavari Sugar Mills Ltd. The objectives are to identify hydram potential in the area, survey existing installations, develop an optimized computer model, construct a testing facility, manufacture and test a selected design. The document covers hydram components and working principle, site surveying considerations like water flow and drive/delivery heads, and allowing for flooding risks in the design.
Hydram: A Solution to Livelihood Enhancement - Centre for Rural Technology, N...Fatin62c
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The document discusses improved water and energy technologies for rural Nepal. It describes the hydraulic ram pump (hydram) which uses flowing water to lift and deliver water, reducing costs compared to diesel or electric pumps. It is used for household water and small-scale irrigation. The improved water mill increases efficiency of traditional mills for grinding grain and powering other machines. It benefits millers and users. Solar dryers supported by CRT/N save women time by drying food and heating water. The improved cookstove program informs communities and tests stoves to reduce fuel use by 25% and cooking time by 44%.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Associationâs Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
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Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
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Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
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In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
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This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
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This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
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An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
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Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
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How a Hydraulic Ram Pump Works - Clemson University
1. Home-made Hydraulic Ram Pump
Home-made Hydraulic Ram Pump
Pump Plans Assembly Notes Performance Links
How It Works Operation Test Installation
This information is provided as a service to those wanting to build their own hydraulic ram pump. The data from our experiences with one of these home-made hydraulic ram pumps is listed in Table 4 near the bottom of this document. The typical cost of fittings for an 1-1/4" pump is currently $120.00 (U.S.A.) regardless of whether galvanized or PVC fittings are used.
Click here to see a picture of an assembled ram pump
Table 1. Image Key
1 1-1/4" valve 10 1/4" pipe cock
2 1-1/4" tee 11 100 psi gauge
3 1-1/4" union 12 1-1/4" x 6" nipple
4 1-1/4" brass swing check valve (picture) 13 4" x 1-1/4" bushing
5 1-1/4" spring check valve 14 4" coupling
6 3/4" tee 15 4" x 24" PR160 PVC pipe
7 3/4" valve 16 4" PVC glue cap
8 3/4" union 17 3/4" x 1/4" bushing
9 1-1/4" x 3/4" bushing
All connectors between the fittings are threaded pipe nipples - usually 2" in length or shorter. This pump can be made from PVC fittings or galvanized steel. In either case, it is recommended that the 4" diameter fittings be PVC fittings to conserve weight.
Conversion Note: 1" (1 inch) = 2.54 cm; 1 PSI (pound/square inch) = 6.895 KPa or 0.06895 bar; 1 gallon per minute = 3.78 liter per minute. PR160 PVC pipe is PVC pipe rated at 160 psi pressure.
Click here to see an image-by-image explanation of how a hydraulic ram pump works
Click here to see a short mpeg movie of an operating ram pump
(Note - this is a 6.2 mb movie clip. On slower systems (11 mbps, etc.), it will load "piece-meal" the first time. Allow it to finish playing in this fashion, then press the play button again to see it in full motion with no "buffering" stops. Dial-up users may have to download the file to see it - simply right-click on the link, then select "Save Target As..." to save it to your computer. Downloading may take considerable time if you are on a slower dial-up system.)
Assembly Notes:
Pressure Chamber - A bicycle or "scooter tire" inner tube is placed inside the pressure chamber (part 15) as an "air bladder" to prevent water-logging or air-logging. Inflate the tube until it is "spongy" when squeezed, then insert it in the chamber. It should not be inflated very tightly, but have some "give" to it. Note that water will absorb air over time, so the inner tube is used to help prevent much of this absorbtion. You may find it necessary, however, to drain the ram pump occasionally to allow more air into the chamber. (The University of Warwick design (link below, pages 12-13) suggests the use of a "snifter" to allow air to be re-introduced to the ram during operation. Their design, however, is
substantially different from the one offered here and provides a location (the branch of a tee) where the addition of a snifter is logical. This design does not. Also, correctly sizing the snifter valve (or hole as the case may be) can be problematical and may allow the addition of too much air, resulting in air in the drive pipe and ceasing of pumping operation. For these reasons we have elected not to include one in this design.)
According to information provided by the University of Warwick (UK) ( http://www.eng.warwick.ac.uk/dtu/pubs/tr/lift/rptr12/tr12.pdf , page 14), the pressure chamber should have a minimum volume of 20 times the expected delivery flow per "cycle" of the pump, with 50 times the expected delivery being a better selection. The chart below provides some recommended minimum pressure chamber sizes based on 50 times the expected delivery flow per "cycle." Note that larger pressure chambers will have not have any negative impact on the pump performance (other than perhaps requiring a little more time to initially start the pump). Some of the lengths indicated are quite excessive, so you may prefer to use
two or three pipes connected together in parallel to provide the required pressure chamber volume. Well pump pressure tanks will also work well - just make sure they have at least the minimum volume required.
Table 2. Suggested Minimum Pressure Chamber Sizes
(Based on ram pumps operating at 60 cycles per minute.)
Drive
Pipe
Diameter
(inches)
Expected
Flow
Per
Cycle
(gallons)
Pressure
Chamber
Volume
Required
(gallons)
Length of Pipe Required for Pressure Chamber
(for indicated pipe diameter)
(lengths are in inches)
2 inch 2-1/2 inch 3 inch 4 inch 6 inch 8 inch 10 inch 12 inch
3/4 0.0042 0.21 15 11 7 -- -- -- -- --
1 0.0125 0.63 45 32 21 -- -- -- -- --
1-1/4 0.020 1.0 72 51 33 19 -- -- -- --
1-1/2 0.030 1.5 105 74 48 27 -- -- -- --
2 0.067 3.4 -- 170 110 62 27 16 -- --
2-1/2 0.09 4.5 -- 230 148 85 37 22 14 --
3 0.15 7.5 -- -- 245 140 61 36 23 16
4 0.30 15 -- -- -- 280 122 72 45 32
6 0.80 40 -- -- -- -- 325 190 122 85
8 1.60 80 -- -- -- -- -- 380 242 170
(Note - it is quite difficult to push a partially-inflated 16 inch bicycle inner tube into a 3 inch PVC pipe. Due to this we suggest the pressure chamber be a minimum of 3 inches in diameter.)
A 4" threaded plug and 4" female adapter were originally used instead of the 4" glue-on cap shown in the image, This combination leaked regardless of how tightly it was tightened or how much teflon tape sealant was used, resulting in water-logging of the pressure chamber. This in turn dramatically increased the shock waves and could possibly have shortened pump life. If the bicycle tube should need to be serviced when using the glue cap design, the pipe may be cut in half then re-glued together using a coupling.
Valve Operation Descriptions - Valve #1 is the drive water inlet for the pump. Union #8 is the exit point for the pressurized water. Swing check valve #4 is also known as the "impetus" or "waste" valve - the extra drive water exits here during operation. The "impetus" valve is the valve that is operated manually at the beginning (by pushing it in with a finger) to charge the ram and start normal operation.
Valves #1 and #7 could be ball valves instead of gate valves. Ball valves may withstand the shock waves of the pump better over a long period of time.
The swing check valve (part 4 - also known as the impetus valve) can be adjusted to vary the length of stroke (please note that maximum flow and pressure head will be achieved with this valve positioned vertically, with the opening facing up). Turn the valve on the threads until the pin in the clapper hinge of the valve is in line with the pipe (instead of perpendicular to it). Then move the tee the valve is attached to slightly away from vertical, making sure the clapper hinge in the swing check is toward the top of the valve as you do this. The larger the angle from vertical, the shorter the stroke period (and the less potential pressure, since the water will not reach as high a velocity before shutting the valve). For
maximum flow and pressure valve #4 should be in a vertical position (the outlet pointed straight up).
Swing check valve #4 should always be brass (or some metal) and not plastic. Experiences with plastic or PVC swing check valves have shown that the "flapper" or "clapper" in these valves is very light weight and therefore closes much earlier than the "flapper" of a comparable brass swing check. This in turn would mean lower flow rates and lower pressure heads.
The pipe cock (part 10) is in place to protect the gauge after the pump is started. It is turned off after the pump has been started and is operating normally. Turn it on if needed to check the outlet pressure, then turn it back off to protect the gauge.
Drive Pipe - The length of the drive pipe (from water source to pump) also affects the stroke period. A longer drive pipe provides a longer stroke period. There are maximum and minimum lengths for the drive pipe (see the paragraph below Table 2). The drive pipe is best made from galvanized steel (more rigid is better) but schedule 40 PVC can be used with good results. The more rigid galvanized pipe will result in a higher pumping efficiency and allow higher pumping heights. Rigidity of the drive pipe seems to be more important in this efficiency than straightness of the drive pipe.
Drive pipe length and size ratios are apparently based on empirical data. Information from University of Georgia publications (see footnote) provides an equation from Calvert (1958), which describes the output and stability of ram pump installations based on the ratio of the drive pipe length (L) to the drive pipe diameter (D). The best range is an L/D ratio of between 150 and 1000 (L/D = 150 to L/D = 1000). Equations to use to determine these lengths are:
Minimum inlet pipe length: L = 150 x (inlet pipe size)
Maximum inlet pipe length: L = 1000 x (inlet pipe size)
If the inlet pipe size is in inches, then the length (L) will also be presented in inches. If inlet pipe size is in mm, then L will be presented in mm.
Drive Pipe Length Example: If the drive pipe is 1-1/4 inches (1.25 inches) in diameter, then the minimum length should be L = 150 x 1.25 = 187.5 inches (or about 15.6 feet). The maximum length for the same 1-1/4 inch drive pipe would be L = 1000 x 1.25 = 1250 inches (104 feet). The drive pipe should be as rigid and as straight as possible.
Stand pipe or no stand pipe? Many hydraulic ram installations show a "stand pipe" installed on the inlet pipe. The purpose of this pipe is to allow the water hammer shock wave to dissipate at a given point. Stand pipes are only necessary if the inlet pipe will be longer than the recommended maximum length (for instance, in the previous example a stand pipe may be required if the inlet pipe were to be 150 feet in length, but the maximum inlet length was determined to be only 104 feet). The stand pipe - if needed - is generally placed in the line the same distance from the ram as the recommended maximum length indicated.
The stand pipe must be vertical and extend vertically at least 1 foot (0.3 meter) higher than the elevation of the water source - no water should exit the pipe during operation (or perhaps only a few drops during each shock wave cycle at most). Many recommendations suggest that the stand pipe should be 3 sizes larger than the inlet pipe. The supply pipe (between the stand pipe and the water source) should be 1 size larger than the inlet pipe.
The reason behind this is simple - if the inlet pipe is too long, the water hammer shock wave will travel farther, slowing down the pumping pulses of the ram. Also, in many instances there may actually be interference with the operation of the pump due to the length of travel of the shock wave. The stand pipe simply allows an outlet to the atmosphere to allow the shock wave to release or dissipate. Remember, the stand pipe is not necessary unless the inlet pipe will have to be longer than the recommended maximum length.
Another option would be to pipe the water to an open tank (with the top of the tank at least 1 foot (0.3 meter) higher than the vertical elevation of the water source), then attach the inlet pipe to the tank. The tank will act as a dissipation chamber for the water hammer shock wave just as the stand pipe would. This option may not be viable if the tank placement would require some sort of tower, but if the topography allows this may be a more attractive option.
Click here to view sketches of these types of hydraulic ram pump installations
(loads in 70 seconds over 28.8 modem)
Operation:
The pump will require some back pressure to begin working. A back pressure of 10 psi or more should be sufficient. If this is not provided by elevation-induced back pressure from pumping the water uphill to the delivery point (water trough, etc.), use the 3/4" valve (part 7) to throttle the flow somewhat to provide this backpressure.
As an alternative to throttling valve part 7 you may consider running the outlet pipe into the air in a loop, and then back down to the trough to provide the necessary back pressure. A total of 23 feet of vertical elevation above the pump outlet should be sufficient to provide the necessary back pressure. This may not be practical in all cases, but adding 8 feet of pipe after piping up a hill of 15 feet in elevation should not be a major problem. This will allow you to open valve #7 completely, preventing stoppage of flow by trash or sediment blocking the partially-closed valve. It is a good idea to include a tee at the outlet of the pump with a ball valve to allow periodic "flushing" of the sediment just in case.
The pump will have to be manually started several times when first placed in operation to remove the air from the ram pump piping. Start the pump by opening valve 1 and leaving valve 7 closed. Then, when the swing check (#4) shuts, manually push it open again. (The pump will start with valve 7 closed completely, pumping up to some maximum pressure before stopping operation.) After the pump begins operation, slowly open valve 7, but do not allow the discharge pressure (shown on gauge #11) to drop below 10 psi. You may have to push valve #4 open repeatedly to re-start the pump in the first few minutes (10 to 20 times is not abnormal) - air in the system will stop operation until it is purged.
The unions, gate (or ball) valves, and pressure gauge assembly are not absolutely required to make the pump run, but they sure do help in installing, removing, and starting the pump as well as regulating the flow.
Pump Performance:
Some information suggests that typical ram pumps discharge approximately 7 gallons of water through the waste valve for every gallon pressurized and pumped. The percentage of the drive water delivered actually varies based on the ram construction, vertical fall to pump, and elevation to the water outlet. The percentage of the drive water pumped to the desired point may be approximately 22% when the vertical fall from the water source to the pump is half of the elevation lift from the ram to the water outlet. It may be as low as 2% or less when the vertical fall from the water source to the pump is 4% of the elevation lift from the ram to the water outlet. Rife Hydraulic Engine Manufacturing Company
literature (http://www.riferam.com/) offers the following equation:
0.6 x Q x F/E = D
Q is the available drive flow in gallons per minute, F is the fall in feet from the water source to the ram, E is the elevation from the ram to the water outlet, and D is the flow rate of the delivery water in gallons per minute. 0.6 is an efficiency factor and will differ somewhat between various ram pumps. For instance, if 12 gallons per minute is available to operate a ram pump (D), the pump is placed 6 feet below the water source (F), and the water will be pumped up an elevation of 20 feet to the outlet point (E), the amount of water that may be pumped with an appropriately-sized ram pump is
0.6 x 12 gpm x 6 ft / 20 ft = 2.16 gpm
The same pump with the same drive flow will provide less flow if the water is to be pumped up a higher elevation. For instance, using the data in the previous example but increasing the elevation lift to 40 feet (E):
0.6 x 12 gpm x 6 ft / 40 ft = 1.08 gpm
Table 3. Typical Hydraulic Ram specifications (Expected water output will be approximately 1/8 of the input flow, but will vary with installation fall (F) and elevation lift (E) as noted above. This chart is based on 5 feet of lift (E) per 1 foot of fall (F).)
Drive Pipe
Diameter
(inches)
Delivery Pipe
Diameter
(inches)
At Minimum Inflow At Maximum Inflow
Pump Inflow
(gallons per minute)
Expected Output
(gallons per minute)
Pump Inflow
(gallons per minute)
Expected Output
(gallons per minute)
3/4 1/2 3/4 1/10 2 1/4
1 1/2 1-1/2 1/5 6 3/4
1-1/4 1/2 2 1/4 10 1-1/5
1-1/2 3/4 2-1/2 3/10 15 1-3/4
2 1 3 3/8 33 4
2-1/2 1-1/4 12 1-1/2 45 5-2/5
3 1-1/2 20 2-1/2 75 9
4 2 30 3-5/8 150 18
6 3 75 9 400 48
http://www.clemson.edu/irrig/equip/ram.htm (1 of 2)7/8/2008 9:42:48 AM
2. Home-made Hydraulic Ram Pump
8 4 400 48 800 96
Table 4. Test Installation Information
Drive Pipe Size 1-1/4 inch Schedule 40 PVC
Outlet Pipe Size 3/4 inch Schedule 40 PVC
Pressure Chamber size 4 inch PR160 PVC
Pressure Chamber Length 36 inches
Inlet Pipe Length 100 feet
Outlet Pipe Length 40 feet
Drive Water (Inlet) elevation above pump 4 feet
Elevation from pump outlet to delivery outlet 12 feet
Click here to see pictures of the test installation (loads in 38 seconds over 28.8 modem)
Table 5. Trial 1 Performance Data
Expected
Performance
At Installation (5/17/99)
After Installation
(with water-log) (5/21/99)
After Clearing Water-log (6/20/99)
Shutoff Head 5 to 17 psi 22 psi 50 psi 22 psi
Operating Head 10 psi 10 psi 10 psi 10 psi
Operating Flow Rate 0.50 to 1.00 gpm 0.28 gpm 1.50 gpm 0.33 gpm
Note that we used a 4" threaded plug and a 4" female adapter for our test pump (instead of the recommended 4" glue cap (#16) shown in the figure). Two days after installation the pump air chamber was effectively water-logged due to leakage past the threads of these two fittings, which was shown by the pronounced impulse pumping at the outlet discharge point. If the pump were allowed to remain waterlogged, it would shortly cease to operate - and may introduce damage to the pipe or other components due to pronounced water hammer pressure surges.
The large range of expected values for shutoff head is due to the unknown efficiency of the pump. Typical efficiencies for ram pumps range from 3 feet to 10 feet of lift for every 1 foot of elevation drop from the water inlet to the pump.
Hydraulic Ram Web Sites
Bamford Pumps
CAT Hydraulic Ram Tipsheet
Green and Carter
Lifewater Rams
NC State's EBAE 161-92, "Hydraulic Ram Pumps"
RamPumps.com
Rife Rams
Schott Solar Electric
University of Warwick (UK) Ram Pump Publications
University of Warwick (UK) Ram pump system design notes
Some information for this web page - and the initial information concerning construction of a home-made hydraulic ram pump - was provided by University of Georgia Extension publications #ENG98-002 and #ENG98-003 (both Acrobat "pdf" files) by Frank Henning. Publication #ENG98-002 also describes the pumping volume equations for hydraulic ram pumps.
Welcome! You are visitor
since 11/28/00
Last modified on 10/15/07
This page created and maintained by Bryan Smith,
Clemson University Cooperative Extension, Laurens County.
The Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service offers its programs to people of all ages regardless of race, color, sex, religion, national origin, or disability and is an equal opportunity employer.
http://www.clemson.edu/irrig/equip/ram.htm (2 of 2)7/8/2008 9:42:48 AM
3. How a Hydraulic Ram Pump works
How a Hydraulic Ram Pump works
The concept behind the ram idea is a "water hammer" shock wave. Water has weight, so a volume of water
moving at a certain speed has momentum - it doesn't want to stop immediately. If a car runs into a brick wall
the result is crumpled metal. If a moving water flow in a pipe encounters a suddenly closed valve, a pressure
"spike" or increase suddenly appears due to all the water being stopped abruptly (that's what water hammer is -
the pressure spike). If you turn a valve off in your house quickly, you may hear a small "thump" in the pipes.
That's water hammer.
Here's how the hydraulic ram pump actually works, step-by-step:
(1) Water (blue arrows) starts flowing through the drive pipe and out of the "waste" valve (#4 on the diagram),
which is open initially. Water flows faster and faster through the pipe and out of the valve. (Click here to see
an actual image of an operating ram pump for this step.)
http://www.clemson.edu/irrig/equip/ram4.htm (1 of 5)7/8/2008 9:43:25 AM
4. How a Hydraulic Ram Pump works
(2) At some point, water is moving so quickly through the brass swing check "waste" valve (#4) that it grabs
the swing check's flapper, pulling it up and slamming it shut. The water in the pipe is moving quickly and
doesn't want to stop. All that water weight and momentum is stopped, though, by the valve slamming shut.
That makes a high pressure spike (red arrows) at the closed valve. The high pressure spike forces some water
(blue arrows) through the spring check valve (#5 on the diagram) and into the pressure chamber. This
increases the pressure in that chamber slightly. The pressure "spike" the pipe has nowhere else to go, so it
begins moving away from the waste valve and back up the pipe (red arrows). It actually generates a very small
velocity *backward* in the pipe. (Click here to see an actual image of an operating ram pump for this step.
Note the drops of water still falling to the ground in the image.)
http://www.clemson.edu/irrig/equip/ram4.htm (2 of 5)7/8/2008 9:43:25 AM
5. How a Hydraulic Ram Pump works
(3) As the pressure wave or spike (red arrows) moves back up the pipe, it creates a lower pressure situation
(green arrows) at the waste valve. The spring-loaded check valve (#5) closes as the pressure drops, retaining
the pressure in the pressure chamber.
http://www.clemson.edu/irrig/equip/ram4.htm (3 of 5)7/8/2008 9:43:25 AM
6. How a Hydraulic Ram Pump works
(4) At some point this pressure (green arrows) becomes low enough that the flapper in the waste valve (#4)
falls back down, opening the waste valve again. (Click here to see an actual image of a ram pump for this
step.)
http://www.clemson.edu/irrig/equip/ram4.htm (4 of 5)7/8/2008 9:43:25 AM
7. How a Hydraulic Ram Pump works
(5) Most of the water hammer high pressure shock wave (red arrows) will release at the drive pipe inlet, which
is open to the source water body. Some small portion may travel back down the drive pipe, but in any case
after the shock wave has released, pressure begins to build again at the waste valve (#4) simply due to the
elevation of the source water above the ram, and water begins to flow toward the hydraulic ram again.
(6) Water begins to flow out of the waste valve (#4), and the process starts over once again.
Steps 1 through 6 describe in layman's terms a complete cycle of a hydraulic ram pump. Pressure wave theory
will explain the technical details of why a hydraulic ram pump works, but we only need to know it works.
(One American company has been manufacturing and selling hydraulic rams since the 1880âs). The ram pump
will usually go through this cycle about once a second, perhaps somewhat more quickly or more slowly
depending on the installation.
Each "pulse" or cycle pushes a little more pressure into the pressure chamber. If the outlet valve is left shut,
the ram will build up to some maximum pressure (called shutoff head on pumps) and stop working.
The ram is quite inefficient. Usually 8 gallons of water must pass through the waste valve for each 1 gallon of
water pumped by the ram. That is acceptable for a creek or river situation, but may not be a good option for a
pond that does not have a good spring flow.
Back to Hydraulic Ram Page
http://www.clemson.edu/irrig/equip/ram4.htm (5 of 5)7/8/2008 9:43:25 AM
44. Hydraulic Ram Pump System Sketches
Hydraulic Ram Pump System Sketches
Figure 1. This installation is the "normal" ram system where the inlet pipe is
less than the maximum length allowed. No stand pipe or open
tank is required.
Figure 2. This installation is one option used where the inlet pipe is
longer than the maximum length allowed. The open water
tank is required to allow dissipation of the water hammer
shock wave.
http://www.clemson.edu/irrig/equip/ram3.htm (1 of 2)7/8/2008 9:43:35 AM
45. Hydraulic Ram Pump System Sketches
Figure 3. This installation is another option used where the inlet pipe is
longer than the maximum length allowed. The stand pipe
(open to atmosphere at the top) is required to allow
dissipation of the water hammer shock wave.
Back to Hydraulic Ram Page
http://www.clemson.edu/irrig/equip/ram3.htm (2 of 2)7/8/2008 9:43:35 AM
46. Rife Water Pumps
Water
Pumps
Water
Pump Water Without Electricity or Fuel !!
Rife, for over a century, has been dedicated to providing the means of pumping water
without electricity or fuel. As we begin the new millennium, Rife is expanding its horizons
and is adding a wide array of products for agriculture, the home, and the outdoors.
Because our pumps do not require electricity or fuel and are built to last, you and your
family will continue to enjoy running water for decades to come without the unnecessary
costs.
Throughout the 116 years that we have been in business, Rife continues to be family run
and owned, priding itself on its quality products made in the USA. Upon entering our third
century of existence, we continue to retain the ideals that we have held sacred since 1884:
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http://www.riferam.com/7/8/2008 9:43:37 AM
47. Home-made Hydraulic Ram Test Installation
Home-made Hydraulic Ram Test Installation
Figure 1. The ram pump installed and operating. Note the water exiting the waste valve and the rock
used to hold the pump upright and anchor it.
http://www.clemson.edu/irrig/equip/ram2.htm (1 of 2)7/8/2008 9:43:38 AM
48. Home-made Hydraulic Ram Test Installation
Figure 2. The 1-1/4 inch Schedule 40 PVC drive pipe supplying the ram pump. Note the curves in the
pipe due to the geometry of the stream channel. The pump worked quite well despite the lack of
straightness of the pipe.
Back to Hydraulic Ram Page
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49. Bamford Pumps - Hi-Ram - A New Hydraulic Ram Pump Water Pump or Hydram
The Bamford "Hi-Ram Pump ÂŽ"
Introduction
[Introduction] [Latest News] [About the Pump] [Questions & Answers] [Prices]
[Pump Installation] [File Downloads] [New Applications] [Links] [Contact Us]
"Hi-Ram Pump ÂŽ" - A New, Simple and Economical Pump - Powered by Water.
An Australian Invention - Australian Patent No. 741896
The pump is quiet and is operated solely by
the energy in a flow of water entering from above the pump.
It uses no external source of power such as electricity, petrol or diesel.
A basic version of the "Hi-Ram Pump"
(The steel pipe on the left is the drive pipe entering the pump)
Particularly in developing countries, the choices for pumping water are often limited because
reliable or affordable sources of power are not available. The idea of a water pump powered by
water is not new, but is very relevant in a world where energy conservation is increasingly
important. The hydraulic ram pump, invented more than 200 years ago, is one such pump.
Although the principle of operation of the Bamford Hi-Ram Pump is similar to that of a
traditional hydraulic ram pump, the new pump is considerably different in its construction and
http://www.bamford.com.au/rampump/ (1 of 3)7/8/2008 9:43:39 AM
50. Bamford Pumps - Hi-Ram - A New Hydraulic Ram Pump Water Pump or Hydram
operating characteristics.
As is described in the section "About the Pump", the Bamford Hi-Ram Pump uses an inlet flow of
water at low pressure to pump some of that water to a higher pressure or height. The pump has a
self-sustaining cycle of operation about one second long. One typical installation is where water
diverted from a stream drives the pump, with some of the water going up hill to a greater height,
and the remaining water going to waste back to the stream.
The basis of the pump is a new waste valve mechanism with two moving parts, both of which can
be very easily removed for maintenance or to adjust the pump.
In comparison with conventional hydraulic ram pumps, some of the different
characteristics of the Bamford Hi-Ram Pump are as follows:
Its performance can be quickly adjusted for different pumping conditions, by using alternative
moving parts in the valve mechanism.
Although the basic pump is very simple, additional components can be used to improve its
performance in special roles.
It will work against both high and low output heads, thereby covering a much wider range of
operating conditions.
The pump will operate when totally underwater (but the inlet flow of water to operate the pump
must come from another source above the surface of the water).
The water going to waste need not spill out around the pump, but can be piped away for further
use.
Depending on the operating conditions, the pump can be constructed wholly or partly from metal,
plastics or other materials.
When constructed of non-metallic materials, the pump emits little noise.
The pump can be arranged to supply compressed air (but needs an air inlet pipe if underwater).
The pump can be arranged to provide a direct mechanical output to drive other devices.
The capability of the pump to "suck in" air can also be used to suck in water so that the pump acts
http://www.bamford.com.au/rampump/ (2 of 3)7/8/2008 9:43:39 AM
51. Bamford Pumps - Hi-Ram - A New Hydraulic Ram Pump Water Pump or Hydram
as a suction pump for small suction heads.
Production pumps are now available as a basic water pump of the type shown above. Additional
parts for the pump to product compressed air, or provide a mechanical output, or act as a suction
pump are normally not provided. Provision of pumps for special applications needs to be the
subject of a special order.
However, just in case of misunderstanding, you cannot pump water from a well or pool of water
by just lowering the pump into the water - the pump must be driven by a flow of water coming
from above the pump.
The Bamford Hi-Ram Pump considerably extends the usefulness of such devices for developing
countries. Its ability to produce compressed air could be of particular use. Its ability to give a
mechanical output could provide a means to pump clean drinking water from another source.
With reduced manufacturing costs and simplicity, the Bamford Hi-Ram Pump also has the
potential to establish new roles in developed countries, and significantly increase the market for
pumps using the hydraulic ram principle.
Queries from potential manufacturers or licensees are welcome.
Pumps are available for export, and more information about price and availability is shown in the
"Latest News" Page.
Bamfords, Post Office Box 11, HALL ACT 2618, AUSTRALIA
Phone +(61 2) 6227 5532 Fax +(61 2) 6227 5995
Bamford Industries NSW BN97702171, and John Bamford and Associates NSW L8632225
"Hi-Ram Pump" is a Registered Trade Mark
Copyright ŠBamford Industries 1999-2004
Home Page http://www.bamford.com.au
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Sometimes a sheet of A4 is all you for some bright ideas.
We have recently updated many of our tipsheets. Be aware that if you order a paper copy of this tipsheet you may receive one of the last few copies of the
older edition.
To get the latest PDF version of this tipsheet order from our Pay-per-View section. Thanks!
Description
Description of an elegant device that uses the power of water to pump some of that water.
This tipsheet is now available to download to your computer. Click here to select it in PDF format.
Buy Hydraulic Ram in our new online shop
Retail Price ÂŖ0.50
Format A4 210 x 297mm
black on tinted paper,
printed both sides
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