4. Life Before
• Robot-free
• larger incisions
http://medicalandhealthcare.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Surgeons.jpg
5. The Present Day
• three components
• 3D viewing
http://robotic-surgery.med.nyu.edu/for-patients/what-robotic-surgery/how-da-vinci-si-works
6. Current Robots
• Four arms
• 1.5 million surgeries
• Screens
http://robotic-surgery.med.nyu.edu/for-patients/what-robotic-surgery/how-da-vinci-si-works
7. Positives
• Relaxed
• Small
• Precise
• Wrist Movement
• Recovery
• Less trauma
• Four
http://intuitivesurgical.com/company/media/images/standard/camera_arm_lr.jpg
8. Negatives
• Lawsuits
• Slower
• Not for all
• Tissue damage
• FDA trouble
• Expense
• Training
• Negligence
http://static.cdn-seekingalpha.com/uploads/2014/7/28/3099651-14065580421013517-Andy-Batts.jpg
11. Before Pagers
•Telephones
•Different
Environment
http://www.ideal-homes.org.uk/__data/assets/image/0006/350745/guys-00615-640.jpg
12. Use of Pagers Today
•Majority of hospitals
•Operator necessity
•Unique to location
http://mobihealthnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/Doc_Pager-300x199.jpg
18. Life Before
•trust in doctors
•physical examination
•broken bones
•tumors
•bullet wounds
19. Present Day
•Radiography
• single image
•Fluoroscopy
• continuous image on monitor
•CT
• multiple images around body
20. Positives
• diagnosis disease and monitor
therapy
• support medical and surgical
treatment planning
• guide medical personnel as they
• insert catheters, stents, or other
devices
• treat tumors
• remove blood clots or other
blockages
http://shoulderdislocation.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/hills-sachs-lesio-
L-shoulder-confirmed-on-CT.jpg
21. Negatives
• increased risk of developing
cancer later in life
• tissue effects such as
cataracts, skin reddening,
and hair loss
• high levels of radiation
22. Amelioration of Negatives
•reducing exposure to
radiation
•patients understanding
balance of benefits and risks
•only when necessary
•ALARA principle
24. Before RFID
• Manual Input
• Face to Face
http://www.siemens.com/press/pool/de/pp_cc/2007/10_oct/sc_upload_file_sosep200
729_29_rfid_300dpi_1465406.jpg
25. Present Day
• Chips are imbedded in bracelets of patients
• Badges of nurses and doctors
26. How it works
• Electromagnetic fields
• Can be passive, active or
battery-assisted passive
(BAP)
• Active- periodically
• submits signal
• BAP activated in
• presence of reader
• Passive- no battery
http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQlZEJGiAObEoMVpm13VYVMzJeZ5FeUi
4VaQxEIE1oTr5W_p2SVAQ
27. Positives
• Extremely cost efficient
• Constantly able to track
location
• Track instruments &
equipment
• Restrict access to certain high-threat
drugs
• Access patient information at
any time
28. Negatives
• Could possibly interfere with
the other equipment and
technology
• Don’t adapt easily to hospitals
• Implementation is difficult