This document provides instructions for the first assignment of a brand analysis paper. Students must choose a hotel brand and write a paper analyzing the brand using at least four sources. The paper should be organized using provided topic headings, including: brand overview and history; target markets; brand position; and brand elements. For each section, the document provides guidance on what information should be included. For example, for the brand overview and history section, it instructs students to provide a brief history and timeline of the brand, as well as information on the brand's geographic locations and parent company. MLA format is required.
MSc Managerial Psychology
Assessment Brief
SECTION 1
Assessment Point 1
Module Title: Project and Research Management
Module Code: UU-PSY705 ZM
Essay Title: A written research proposal for the research to be carried out in the
dissertation stage
Word Limit: 3500 words
Assessment Point No: 1 (1 out of 1) 100% of final module mark
Online Submission: Date and Time: See your module schedule.
Learning outcomes assessed:
1. Demonstrate an advanced understanding of the key principles of research
design regarding a particular project as well as an appreciation of the various
research strategies.
2. Critically evaluate sources of information and/or argument in relation to
research objectives.
3. Demonstrate effective skills in the communication of research findings.
4. Apply project management tools, processes and techniques.
5. As appropriate to specific student needs, students will develop an advanced
understanding in at least one of the following areas:
6.A range of research methods for data collection;
7.Data management and analysis, and awareness of issues affecting
data interpretation;
Important Guidelines:
1. Title
The title should be clear and specific, but not too detailed. For example, assume
we had done an experiment in which we had examined whether or not having
breakfast affected people’s ability to concentrate later in the day.
A good title would be ‘The effects of breakfast on mid-morning concentration
levels’.
Avoid using titles that are:
• Too vague
• Very detailed
The American Psychological Association suggests the title to be about 10-
12 words long.
2. Introduction and Literature Review
Introduction
This section is very important. In order to get the reader engaged with your
work you need make sure that you set the scene for the whole essay in a clear
way. Clarify the topic and the aim of the essay. Keep in mind that the reader
might not be familiar with your topic, and hence you should provide
explanations for all relevant terms and a brief overview of the structure of the
essay. Avoid lengthy discussions or explanations regarding definitions or
relevant research findings. Such discussions should be incorporated be part of
your literature review.
Basically, this section introduces the reader to the topic:
Give an introduction to the area of
Provide a rationale for the study using previous studies
Show how the current study fits in with existing literature
Literature Review
Literature review will be focused around your chosen topic -should summarize
and discuss the most recent and most relevant research findings related to the
current research project.
This part should highlight the research gap
The review provides the background of the problem
Critical evaluation is essential
Stat.
Course Code EDU7702-8Course Start Date 02152016Sec.docxvanesaburnand
Course Code: EDU7702-8
Course Start Date: 02/15/2016
Section: Synthesis: Research problem, method, design
Week: 7
Activity: Develop Research Methodology for Hypothetical Research Study
Activity Due Date: 04/03/2016
Activity Description
For Week 6, you developed the research problem, purpose, and questions for both a qualitative and a quantitative research study. For this task, choose one of the research problems and questions that
you developed in Week 6 (either the qualitative or the quantitative) and develop the methodology for the chosen study.
Then, next week you will develop the methodology for the second study and then combine the methodology section with other elements of the study to create a concept paper. (Thus, you may want to
choose the study of most interest to you and develop the methodology for that study as part of the assignment for Week 8).
There are several documents in the NCU dissertation center that will be helpful in developing the research methodology for your Week 7 and Week 8 assignments. These include the concept paper
templates and the proposal templates. Details regarding the research methods for the dissertation are explained in Chapter 3 of the dissertation proposal. The dissertation proposal template shows the
sections that should be included in Chapter 3 of the dissertation proposal. These sections include the following:
1. Research Methods and Design(s)
2. Population
3. Sample
4. Materials/Instruments
5. Operational Definitions of Variables (Quantitative/Mixed Studies Only)
6. Data Collection, Processing, and Analysis
7. Assumptions
8. Limitations
9. Delimitations
10. Ethical Assurances
11. Summary
In developing the methodology section for this week’s assignment, you will want to address Sections 1-6 and Section 10. You will find a discussion of these sections below that will help you develop
these sections of the research methodology.
(1) Research Methods and Design: Explain the methodology and design that you will use to address the research purpose and questions. Will you use the qualitative methodology or the quantitative
methodology? Explain your reasoning for the methodology that you will use to answer the research questions. Why is the specific methodology appropriate for answering the research questions? Which
of the designs is appropriate for your study? Refer to Section 5 for a review of the qualitative and quantitative designs. Then, explain the design that you will use. When is this design appropriate for use
and why is the design appropriate for your research purpose and questions? You will want to cite sources for your reasoning to use the methodology that you use. Be sure to explain why the
methodology and design is appropriate for your study.
Potential sources for defending the methodology and design include the following:
Cozby, P. & Bates, S. (2012). Methods in behavioral research. Boston, MA: McGraw Hill Higher Education.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qu.
How to write chapter three of your research projectEtieneIma123
Chapter three of the research project or the research methodology is another significant part in the research project writing. In developing the chapter three of the research project, you state the research method you wish to adopt, the instruments to be used, where you will collect your data and how you collected it.
This chapter explains the different methods to be used in the research project. Here you mention the procedures and strategies you will employ in the study such as research design, research area (area of the study), the population of the study, etc.
You also tell the reader why you chose a particular method, how you planned to analyze your data. Your methodology should be written in a simple language such that other researchers can follow the method and arrive at the same conclusion or findings.
How to write chapter three of your research projectEtieneIma123
Chapter three of the research project or the research methodology is another significant part of the research project writing. In developing the chapter three of the research project, you state the research method you wish to adopt, the instruments to be used, where you will collect your data and how you collected it.
MSc Managerial Psychology
Assessment Brief
SECTION 1
Assessment Point 1
Module Title: Project and Research Management
Module Code: UU-PSY705 ZM
Essay Title: A written research proposal for the research to be carried out in the
dissertation stage
Word Limit: 3500 words
Assessment Point No: 1 (1 out of 1) 100% of final module mark
Online Submission: Date and Time: See your module schedule.
Learning outcomes assessed:
1. Demonstrate an advanced understanding of the key principles of research
design regarding a particular project as well as an appreciation of the various
research strategies.
2. Critically evaluate sources of information and/or argument in relation to
research objectives.
3. Demonstrate effective skills in the communication of research findings.
4. Apply project management tools, processes and techniques.
5. As appropriate to specific student needs, students will develop an advanced
understanding in at least one of the following areas:
6.A range of research methods for data collection;
7.Data management and analysis, and awareness of issues affecting
data interpretation;
Important Guidelines:
1. Title
The title should be clear and specific, but not too detailed. For example, assume
we had done an experiment in which we had examined whether or not having
breakfast affected people’s ability to concentrate later in the day.
A good title would be ‘The effects of breakfast on mid-morning concentration
levels’.
Avoid using titles that are:
• Too vague
• Very detailed
The American Psychological Association suggests the title to be about 10-
12 words long.
2. Introduction and Literature Review
Introduction
This section is very important. In order to get the reader engaged with your
work you need make sure that you set the scene for the whole essay in a clear
way. Clarify the topic and the aim of the essay. Keep in mind that the reader
might not be familiar with your topic, and hence you should provide
explanations for all relevant terms and a brief overview of the structure of the
essay. Avoid lengthy discussions or explanations regarding definitions or
relevant research findings. Such discussions should be incorporated be part of
your literature review.
Basically, this section introduces the reader to the topic:
Give an introduction to the area of
Provide a rationale for the study using previous studies
Show how the current study fits in with existing literature
Literature Review
Literature review will be focused around your chosen topic -should summarize
and discuss the most recent and most relevant research findings related to the
current research project.
This part should highlight the research gap
The review provides the background of the problem
Critical evaluation is essential
Stat.
Course Code EDU7702-8Course Start Date 02152016Sec.docxvanesaburnand
Course Code: EDU7702-8
Course Start Date: 02/15/2016
Section: Synthesis: Research problem, method, design
Week: 7
Activity: Develop Research Methodology for Hypothetical Research Study
Activity Due Date: 04/03/2016
Activity Description
For Week 6, you developed the research problem, purpose, and questions for both a qualitative and a quantitative research study. For this task, choose one of the research problems and questions that
you developed in Week 6 (either the qualitative or the quantitative) and develop the methodology for the chosen study.
Then, next week you will develop the methodology for the second study and then combine the methodology section with other elements of the study to create a concept paper. (Thus, you may want to
choose the study of most interest to you and develop the methodology for that study as part of the assignment for Week 8).
There are several documents in the NCU dissertation center that will be helpful in developing the research methodology for your Week 7 and Week 8 assignments. These include the concept paper
templates and the proposal templates. Details regarding the research methods for the dissertation are explained in Chapter 3 of the dissertation proposal. The dissertation proposal template shows the
sections that should be included in Chapter 3 of the dissertation proposal. These sections include the following:
1. Research Methods and Design(s)
2. Population
3. Sample
4. Materials/Instruments
5. Operational Definitions of Variables (Quantitative/Mixed Studies Only)
6. Data Collection, Processing, and Analysis
7. Assumptions
8. Limitations
9. Delimitations
10. Ethical Assurances
11. Summary
In developing the methodology section for this week’s assignment, you will want to address Sections 1-6 and Section 10. You will find a discussion of these sections below that will help you develop
these sections of the research methodology.
(1) Research Methods and Design: Explain the methodology and design that you will use to address the research purpose and questions. Will you use the qualitative methodology or the quantitative
methodology? Explain your reasoning for the methodology that you will use to answer the research questions. Why is the specific methodology appropriate for answering the research questions? Which
of the designs is appropriate for your study? Refer to Section 5 for a review of the qualitative and quantitative designs. Then, explain the design that you will use. When is this design appropriate for use
and why is the design appropriate for your research purpose and questions? You will want to cite sources for your reasoning to use the methodology that you use. Be sure to explain why the
methodology and design is appropriate for your study.
Potential sources for defending the methodology and design include the following:
Cozby, P. & Bates, S. (2012). Methods in behavioral research. Boston, MA: McGraw Hill Higher Education.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qu.
How to write chapter three of your research projectEtieneIma123
Chapter three of the research project or the research methodology is another significant part in the research project writing. In developing the chapter three of the research project, you state the research method you wish to adopt, the instruments to be used, where you will collect your data and how you collected it.
This chapter explains the different methods to be used in the research project. Here you mention the procedures and strategies you will employ in the study such as research design, research area (area of the study), the population of the study, etc.
You also tell the reader why you chose a particular method, how you planned to analyze your data. Your methodology should be written in a simple language such that other researchers can follow the method and arrive at the same conclusion or findings.
How to write chapter three of your research projectEtieneIma123
Chapter three of the research project or the research methodology is another significant part of the research project writing. In developing the chapter three of the research project, you state the research method you wish to adopt, the instruments to be used, where you will collect your data and how you collected it.
CHAPTER 10 MIXED METHODS PROCEDURESHow would you write a mixed mEstelaJeffery653
CHAPTER 10 MIXED METHODS PROCEDURES
How would you write a mixed methods procedure section for your proposal or study? Up until this point, we have considered collected quantitative data and qualitative data. We have not discussed “mixing” or combining the two forms of data in a study. We can start with the assumption that both forms of data provide different types of information (open-ended data in the case of qualitative and closed-ended data in the case of quantitative). If we further assume that each type of data collection has both limitations and strengths, we can consider how the strengths can be combined to develop a stronger understanding of the research problem or questions (and, as well, overcome the limitations of each). In a sense, more insight into a problem is to be gained from mixing or integration of the quantitative and qualitative data. This “mixing” or integrating of data, it can be argued, provides a stronger understanding of the problem or question than either by itself. Mixed methods research, therefore, is simply “mining” the databases more by integrating them. This idea is at the core of a new methodology called “mixed methods research.”
Conveying the nature of mixed methods research and its essential characteristics needs to begin a good mixed methods procedure. Start with the assumption that mixed methods is a methodology in research and that the readers need to be educated as to the basic intent and definition of the design, the reasons for choosing the procedure, and the value it will lend to a study. Then, decide on a mixed methods design to use. There are several from which to choose; consider the different possibilities and decide which one is best for your proposed study. With this choice in hand, discuss the data collection, the data analysis, and the data interpretation, discussion, and validation procedures within the context of the design. Finally, end with a discussion of potential ethical issues that need to be anticipated in the study, and suggest an outline for writing the final study. These are all standard methods procedures, and they are framed in this chapter as they apply to mixed methods research. Table 10.1 shows a checklist of the mixed methods procedures addressed in this chapter.
COMPONENTS OF MIXED METHODS PROCEDURES
Mixed methods research has evolved into a set of procedures that proposal developers and study designers can use in planning a mixed methods study. In 2003, the Handbook of Mixed Methods in the Social and Behavior Sciences (Tashakkori & Teddlie, 2003) was published (and later added to in a second edition, see Tashakkori & Teddlie, 2010), providing a comprehensive overview of this approach. Now several journals emphasize mixed methods research, such as the Journal of Mixed Methods Research, Quality and Quantity, Field Methods, and the International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches. Additional journals actively encourage this form of inquiry (e.g., International Journal of ...
How to develop and manage a case study database as suggested by Yin (2009) wi...stefanie ng
Abstract
This presentation aims at providing useful knowledge and skills which can help doctoral students from different disciplines in doing research which inevitably involves time, energy and cost in data collection and handling of different types of qualitative and quantitative data gathered from various data sources by using a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. The process of researching becomes more complex when the researcher decides to adopt a mixed methods design for his/her research study because both qualitative and quantitative research methodological approaches to inquiry are involved in the entire researching process either sequentially or concurrently in data collection, data storage, data retrieval, data examination, data processing, data analysis, interpretation, and reporting of results in the academic piece of work known as a thesis or dissertation. This presentation provides ideas and suggests the necessary steps to take so that a case study database can be developed comprehensively and managed efficiently.
There are 8 discussions needed in 3 days (72 hours). I added the lis.docxsusannr
There are 8 discussions needed in 3 days (72 hours). I added the list of all resources used in this class at the end of the discussions. If anything is needed let me know.
(1)Research Steps and Application
Imagine you are asked to give a half-hour presentation about research in human services. Since this could cover a vast number of concepts, you decide to illustrate the steps of a basic research process using a real-world example from your text. You may select from any of the “Research in Practice” sections of your textbook for a real-world example. In your discussion, state the steps of the research process and propose a fictitious, yet practical, conclusion. If you cannot come up with a conclusion from your real-world example, you may locate and cite a research conclusion from a published article. Explain how this research conclusion could be used to inform human service practice with regards to the problem formulation you selected.
(2)Intake Process
Often when providing services, basic intake information is required. The researcher could, at the end of a given time period, examine these intake papers and, based on some need, compute descriptive statistics using information provided by the clients / participants. Information such as income, family make up, and education levels could be used to compute mean values. However, you may be asked to configure a study that can be called experimental. In this discussion forum you are asked to compare these two formats and identify in what ways they differ. In order to determine definitions of descriptive research, you will need to access
Introduction to statistics, variables, scares of measurement (Links to an external site.)
,
Excel 2010 statistics 14: Descriptive & inferential statistics (Links to an external site.)
,
Basic research concepts (Links to an external site.)
, and
The Office of Research Integrity (Links to an external site.)
. Your post should focus on differentiating these two research types and then discuss their potential contribution to research in health and human services.
(3)Locating Resources
The ability to locate and utilize information relative to Health and Human Services is an important component of many health and human service jobs. Some of the areas included in HHS programs are:
· Legal/illegal immigration
· Poverty
· Violence in the Media
· Unemployment
· Alcoholism
· Gambling
· Sexual Harassment
· Criminal Justice
· Hunger / Homelessness
· Mental Illness
· Health
As an example, the area of “poverty” was selected from the above list to locate information and relevant reports. To accomplish this, the following was entered into a search engine (such as Google or MSN): “Health and human services and programs dealing with poverty.” One of the 1, 490,000 “hits” was titled: “Poverty Guidelines, Research and Measurement.” Upon searching this website, an elaborate set of focus subtitles was found. Under the heading “Pove.
The purpose of this initial paper is to briefly describe your sear.docxhelen23456789
The purpose of this initial paper is to briefly describe your search strategies when identifying two articles that pertain to an evidence-based practice topic of interest. Mine is on Avoiding Hospital Readmissions. I will be focusing as an individual on examining the sources of knowledge that contribute to professional nursing practice qualitative or quantitative design? Apply research principles to the interpretation of the content of published research studies. "What is the number of trends in 30-day post-discharge mortality among beneficiaries after the implementation of HRRP -- period 3 and 4, for mortality rate in myocardial infarctions?" (Wadhera, et al., 2018)
Clinical Question:
A. Describe problem
b. Significance of problem in terms of outcomes or statistics
c. Your PICOT question in support of the group topic
d. Purpose of your paper
B. Levels of Evidence
a. Type of question asked
b. Best evidence found to answer question
C. Search Strategy
a. Search terms
b. Databases used (you may use Google Scholar in addition to the library databases; start with the Library)
c. Refinement decisions made
d. Identification of two most relevant articles
D. Format
a. Correct grammar and spelling
b. Use of headings for each section
c. Use of APA format (sixth edition)
d. Page length: three to four pages
Clinical Question
45 points 28%1. Problem is described. What is the focus of your group’s work? 2. Significance of the problem is described. What health outcomes result from your problem? Or what statistics document this is a problem? You may find support on websites for government or professional organizations. 3. What is your PICOT question? 4. Purpose of your paper. What will your paper do or describe? This is similar to a problem statement. “The purpose of this paper is to . . .”
Levels of Evidence
20 points 13% 1. What type of question are you asking (therapy, prognosis, meaning, etc.)? 2. What is the best type of evidence to be found to answer that question (e.g., RCT, cohort study, qualitative study)?
Search Strategy
65 points 41% 1. Search topic(s) provided. What did you use for search terms? 2. What database(s) did you use? Link your search with the PICOT question described above. 3. As you did your search, what decisions did you make in refinement to get your required articles down to a reasonable number for review? Were any limits used? If so, what? 4. Identify the two most relevant and helpful articles that will provide guidance for your next paper and the group’s work. Why were these two selected?
Format
30 points 18% 1. Correct grammar and spelling 2. Use of headings for each section: Clinical Question, Level of Evidence, Search Strategy, Conclusion 3. APA format (sixth ed.) 4. Paper length: three to four pages
Total worth 160 points
DIRECTIONS AND ASSIGNMENT CRITERIA Assign ment Criteria Points % Description Clinical Question 45
28 1. Problem is described. What is the focus of your group’s work.
Steps for Preparing Research Methodology - PhdassistancePhD Assistance
In general, research methodology refers to a systematic way of solving a research problem and it is the process of studding how a research is carried out systematically (Snyder, 2019). In the research, methodology is often noted to be an important section as it is can impress the readers most efficiently. The success and overall consistency of the study will be determined by the methodology chosen for the research.
Research methodology is often written using a model or structure that helps readers understand the process. The following steps will exemplify how can a research methodology prepared to make the reader more interesting
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Hours, A. (2014). Reading Fairy Tales and Playing A Way of Treati.docxsimonithomas47935
Hours, A. (2014). Reading Fairy Tales and Playing: A Way of Treating Abused Children. Journal Of Infant, Child & Adolescent Psychotherapy, 13(2), 122. doi:10.1080/15289168.2014.905337
Marshall, E. (2009). Girlhood, Sexual Violence, and Agency in Francesca Lia Block's "Wolf". Children's Literature In Education, 40(3), 217-234.
Sanyal, N., & Dasgupta, M. (2017). Fairy tales: The Emotional Processors of Childhood Conflicts in Dynamic Interpretative Lens. SIS Journal Of Projective Psychology & Mental Health, 24(1), 39-47.
Basile, G. (2012, May 24). Sun, Moon, and Talia. Enchanted Conversation, 1-4.
Grimm, J., & Grimm, W. (1975). Briar Rose: The Sleeping Beauty. London: Pelham.
.
How are authentication and authorization alike and how are the.docxsimonithomas47935
How are authentication and authorization alike and how are they different? What is the relationship, if any, between the two?
The paper should be 2 pages in length. Need to provide a minimum of two references and need to use APA format in the reference section and no playgarism
.
How are self-esteem and self-concept different What is the or.docxsimonithomas47935
How are self-esteem and self-concept different? What is the origin of these characteristics? What are the characteristics of children and adults with low self-esteem?
Consider Erik Erikson’s theory. Why is it important for children in middle childhood to learn to do something and to do something well?
Suzy wants to follow the moral code established by her parents and teacher. She wants them to view her as obedient, cooperative, and productive. According to Kohlberg Suzy is functioning at the __________ stage of moral development.
How does the aggression of girls and boys differ? Why is it important for a child to learn self-regulation?
.
How are morality and religion similar and how are they different.docxsimonithomas47935
How are morality and religion similar and how are they different?
Discuss how your religious beliefs, or lack thereof, have shaped your own morality.
What is natural law theory? How does it compare to religion?
What criteria did Thoreau argue must exist before engaging in civil disobedience?
.
How are financial statements used to evaluate business activities.docxsimonithomas47935
How are financial statements used to evaluate business activities?
What is managerial accounting and how does it help businesses create a competitive advantage
What skills must be developed to evaluate company performance?
How are investment and operations alternatives evaluated and selected?
2pages
.
How are Japanese and Chinese Americans similar How are they differe.docxsimonithomas47935
How are Japanese and Chinese Americans similar? How are they different? After exploring your course material and outside sources, please share the differences and similarities on such topics as immigration patterns, family life, economic picture, etc. Be sure to cite your sources properly. At a minimum, students should include summarized (no direct quotes) information from the course text. Do not forget to include page numbers in your in-text citations!
.
Hot Spot PolicingPlace can be an important aspect of crime and.docxsimonithomas47935
Hot Spot Policing
"Place" can be an important aspect of crime and crime prevention. Behaviors occur across space and time. In the 1990's hot spot policing became a very popular topic.
In this paper, you need to address the following:
Define the concept of "Hot Spot" from the context of law enforcement,
Define the concept of "Hot Product" from the context of law enforcement,
Describe VIVA and CRAVE (as they relate to hot spots and hot products),
Identify a few products or objects that might be prime targets for crime, and
Indicate how these products or objects fit the ideas of VIVA and CRAVED.
.
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CHAPTER 10 MIXED METHODS PROCEDURESHow would you write a mixed mEstelaJeffery653
CHAPTER 10 MIXED METHODS PROCEDURES
How would you write a mixed methods procedure section for your proposal or study? Up until this point, we have considered collected quantitative data and qualitative data. We have not discussed “mixing” or combining the two forms of data in a study. We can start with the assumption that both forms of data provide different types of information (open-ended data in the case of qualitative and closed-ended data in the case of quantitative). If we further assume that each type of data collection has both limitations and strengths, we can consider how the strengths can be combined to develop a stronger understanding of the research problem or questions (and, as well, overcome the limitations of each). In a sense, more insight into a problem is to be gained from mixing or integration of the quantitative and qualitative data. This “mixing” or integrating of data, it can be argued, provides a stronger understanding of the problem or question than either by itself. Mixed methods research, therefore, is simply “mining” the databases more by integrating them. This idea is at the core of a new methodology called “mixed methods research.”
Conveying the nature of mixed methods research and its essential characteristics needs to begin a good mixed methods procedure. Start with the assumption that mixed methods is a methodology in research and that the readers need to be educated as to the basic intent and definition of the design, the reasons for choosing the procedure, and the value it will lend to a study. Then, decide on a mixed methods design to use. There are several from which to choose; consider the different possibilities and decide which one is best for your proposed study. With this choice in hand, discuss the data collection, the data analysis, and the data interpretation, discussion, and validation procedures within the context of the design. Finally, end with a discussion of potential ethical issues that need to be anticipated in the study, and suggest an outline for writing the final study. These are all standard methods procedures, and they are framed in this chapter as they apply to mixed methods research. Table 10.1 shows a checklist of the mixed methods procedures addressed in this chapter.
COMPONENTS OF MIXED METHODS PROCEDURES
Mixed methods research has evolved into a set of procedures that proposal developers and study designers can use in planning a mixed methods study. In 2003, the Handbook of Mixed Methods in the Social and Behavior Sciences (Tashakkori & Teddlie, 2003) was published (and later added to in a second edition, see Tashakkori & Teddlie, 2010), providing a comprehensive overview of this approach. Now several journals emphasize mixed methods research, such as the Journal of Mixed Methods Research, Quality and Quantity, Field Methods, and the International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches. Additional journals actively encourage this form of inquiry (e.g., International Journal of ...
How to develop and manage a case study database as suggested by Yin (2009) wi...stefanie ng
Abstract
This presentation aims at providing useful knowledge and skills which can help doctoral students from different disciplines in doing research which inevitably involves time, energy and cost in data collection and handling of different types of qualitative and quantitative data gathered from various data sources by using a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. The process of researching becomes more complex when the researcher decides to adopt a mixed methods design for his/her research study because both qualitative and quantitative research methodological approaches to inquiry are involved in the entire researching process either sequentially or concurrently in data collection, data storage, data retrieval, data examination, data processing, data analysis, interpretation, and reporting of results in the academic piece of work known as a thesis or dissertation. This presentation provides ideas and suggests the necessary steps to take so that a case study database can be developed comprehensively and managed efficiently.
There are 8 discussions needed in 3 days (72 hours). I added the lis.docxsusannr
There are 8 discussions needed in 3 days (72 hours). I added the list of all resources used in this class at the end of the discussions. If anything is needed let me know.
(1)Research Steps and Application
Imagine you are asked to give a half-hour presentation about research in human services. Since this could cover a vast number of concepts, you decide to illustrate the steps of a basic research process using a real-world example from your text. You may select from any of the “Research in Practice” sections of your textbook for a real-world example. In your discussion, state the steps of the research process and propose a fictitious, yet practical, conclusion. If you cannot come up with a conclusion from your real-world example, you may locate and cite a research conclusion from a published article. Explain how this research conclusion could be used to inform human service practice with regards to the problem formulation you selected.
(2)Intake Process
Often when providing services, basic intake information is required. The researcher could, at the end of a given time period, examine these intake papers and, based on some need, compute descriptive statistics using information provided by the clients / participants. Information such as income, family make up, and education levels could be used to compute mean values. However, you may be asked to configure a study that can be called experimental. In this discussion forum you are asked to compare these two formats and identify in what ways they differ. In order to determine definitions of descriptive research, you will need to access
Introduction to statistics, variables, scares of measurement (Links to an external site.)
,
Excel 2010 statistics 14: Descriptive & inferential statistics (Links to an external site.)
,
Basic research concepts (Links to an external site.)
, and
The Office of Research Integrity (Links to an external site.)
. Your post should focus on differentiating these two research types and then discuss their potential contribution to research in health and human services.
(3)Locating Resources
The ability to locate and utilize information relative to Health and Human Services is an important component of many health and human service jobs. Some of the areas included in HHS programs are:
· Legal/illegal immigration
· Poverty
· Violence in the Media
· Unemployment
· Alcoholism
· Gambling
· Sexual Harassment
· Criminal Justice
· Hunger / Homelessness
· Mental Illness
· Health
As an example, the area of “poverty” was selected from the above list to locate information and relevant reports. To accomplish this, the following was entered into a search engine (such as Google or MSN): “Health and human services and programs dealing with poverty.” One of the 1, 490,000 “hits” was titled: “Poverty Guidelines, Research and Measurement.” Upon searching this website, an elaborate set of focus subtitles was found. Under the heading “Pove.
The purpose of this initial paper is to briefly describe your sear.docxhelen23456789
The purpose of this initial paper is to briefly describe your search strategies when identifying two articles that pertain to an evidence-based practice topic of interest. Mine is on Avoiding Hospital Readmissions. I will be focusing as an individual on examining the sources of knowledge that contribute to professional nursing practice qualitative or quantitative design? Apply research principles to the interpretation of the content of published research studies. "What is the number of trends in 30-day post-discharge mortality among beneficiaries after the implementation of HRRP -- period 3 and 4, for mortality rate in myocardial infarctions?" (Wadhera, et al., 2018)
Clinical Question:
A. Describe problem
b. Significance of problem in terms of outcomes or statistics
c. Your PICOT question in support of the group topic
d. Purpose of your paper
B. Levels of Evidence
a. Type of question asked
b. Best evidence found to answer question
C. Search Strategy
a. Search terms
b. Databases used (you may use Google Scholar in addition to the library databases; start with the Library)
c. Refinement decisions made
d. Identification of two most relevant articles
D. Format
a. Correct grammar and spelling
b. Use of headings for each section
c. Use of APA format (sixth edition)
d. Page length: three to four pages
Clinical Question
45 points 28%1. Problem is described. What is the focus of your group’s work? 2. Significance of the problem is described. What health outcomes result from your problem? Or what statistics document this is a problem? You may find support on websites for government or professional organizations. 3. What is your PICOT question? 4. Purpose of your paper. What will your paper do or describe? This is similar to a problem statement. “The purpose of this paper is to . . .”
Levels of Evidence
20 points 13% 1. What type of question are you asking (therapy, prognosis, meaning, etc.)? 2. What is the best type of evidence to be found to answer that question (e.g., RCT, cohort study, qualitative study)?
Search Strategy
65 points 41% 1. Search topic(s) provided. What did you use for search terms? 2. What database(s) did you use? Link your search with the PICOT question described above. 3. As you did your search, what decisions did you make in refinement to get your required articles down to a reasonable number for review? Were any limits used? If so, what? 4. Identify the two most relevant and helpful articles that will provide guidance for your next paper and the group’s work. Why were these two selected?
Format
30 points 18% 1. Correct grammar and spelling 2. Use of headings for each section: Clinical Question, Level of Evidence, Search Strategy, Conclusion 3. APA format (sixth ed.) 4. Paper length: three to four pages
Total worth 160 points
DIRECTIONS AND ASSIGNMENT CRITERIA Assign ment Criteria Points % Description Clinical Question 45
28 1. Problem is described. What is the focus of your group’s work.
Steps for Preparing Research Methodology - PhdassistancePhD Assistance
In general, research methodology refers to a systematic way of solving a research problem and it is the process of studding how a research is carried out systematically (Snyder, 2019). In the research, methodology is often noted to be an important section as it is can impress the readers most efficiently. The success and overall consistency of the study will be determined by the methodology chosen for the research.
Research methodology is often written using a model or structure that helps readers understand the process. The following steps will exemplify how can a research methodology prepared to make the reader more interesting
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Hours, A. (2014). Reading Fairy Tales and Playing A Way of Treati.docxsimonithomas47935
Hours, A. (2014). Reading Fairy Tales and Playing: A Way of Treating Abused Children. Journal Of Infant, Child & Adolescent Psychotherapy, 13(2), 122. doi:10.1080/15289168.2014.905337
Marshall, E. (2009). Girlhood, Sexual Violence, and Agency in Francesca Lia Block's "Wolf". Children's Literature In Education, 40(3), 217-234.
Sanyal, N., & Dasgupta, M. (2017). Fairy tales: The Emotional Processors of Childhood Conflicts in Dynamic Interpretative Lens. SIS Journal Of Projective Psychology & Mental Health, 24(1), 39-47.
Basile, G. (2012, May 24). Sun, Moon, and Talia. Enchanted Conversation, 1-4.
Grimm, J., & Grimm, W. (1975). Briar Rose: The Sleeping Beauty. London: Pelham.
.
How are authentication and authorization alike and how are the.docxsimonithomas47935
How are authentication and authorization alike and how are they different? What is the relationship, if any, between the two?
The paper should be 2 pages in length. Need to provide a minimum of two references and need to use APA format in the reference section and no playgarism
.
How are self-esteem and self-concept different What is the or.docxsimonithomas47935
How are self-esteem and self-concept different? What is the origin of these characteristics? What are the characteristics of children and adults with low self-esteem?
Consider Erik Erikson’s theory. Why is it important for children in middle childhood to learn to do something and to do something well?
Suzy wants to follow the moral code established by her parents and teacher. She wants them to view her as obedient, cooperative, and productive. According to Kohlberg Suzy is functioning at the __________ stage of moral development.
How does the aggression of girls and boys differ? Why is it important for a child to learn self-regulation?
.
How are morality and religion similar and how are they different.docxsimonithomas47935
How are morality and religion similar and how are they different?
Discuss how your religious beliefs, or lack thereof, have shaped your own morality.
What is natural law theory? How does it compare to religion?
What criteria did Thoreau argue must exist before engaging in civil disobedience?
.
How are financial statements used to evaluate business activities.docxsimonithomas47935
How are financial statements used to evaluate business activities?
What is managerial accounting and how does it help businesses create a competitive advantage
What skills must be developed to evaluate company performance?
How are investment and operations alternatives evaluated and selected?
2pages
.
How are Japanese and Chinese Americans similar How are they differe.docxsimonithomas47935
How are Japanese and Chinese Americans similar? How are they different? After exploring your course material and outside sources, please share the differences and similarities on such topics as immigration patterns, family life, economic picture, etc. Be sure to cite your sources properly. At a minimum, students should include summarized (no direct quotes) information from the course text. Do not forget to include page numbers in your in-text citations!
.
Hot Spot PolicingPlace can be an important aspect of crime and.docxsimonithomas47935
Hot Spot Policing
"Place" can be an important aspect of crime and crime prevention. Behaviors occur across space and time. In the 1990's hot spot policing became a very popular topic.
In this paper, you need to address the following:
Define the concept of "Hot Spot" from the context of law enforcement,
Define the concept of "Hot Product" from the context of law enforcement,
Describe VIVA and CRAVE (as they relate to hot spots and hot products),
Identify a few products or objects that might be prime targets for crime, and
Indicate how these products or objects fit the ideas of VIVA and CRAVED.
.
Hou, J., Li, Y., Yu, J. & Shi, W. (2020). A Survey on Digital Fo.docxsimonithomas47935
Hou, J., Li, Y., Yu, J. & Shi, W. (2020). A Survey on Digital Forensics in Internet of Things IEEE Internet of Things Journal, I(1),1-15,.
Chen, J. & Zhu, Q. (2019). Interdependent Strategic Security Risk Management With Bounded Rationality in the Internet of Things. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 14(11), 2958-2971.
Borek, A. (2014). Total Information Risk Management: Maximizing the Value of Data and Information Assets (Vol. First edition). Amsterdam: Morgan Kaufmann
The readings this week discusses broad context of risk and investigative forensics. Part of risk management is to understand when things go wrong, we need to be able to investigate and report our findings to management. Using this research, or other research you have uncovered discuss in detail how risk and investigate techniques could work to help the organization. ERM helps to protect an organization before an attack, where as forensics investigate technique will help us after an attack - so lets discus both this week.
Please make your initial post and two response posts substantive. A substantive post will do at least two of the following:
Ask an interesting, thoughtful question pertaining to the topic
Answer a question (in detail) posted by another student or the instructor
Provide extensive additional information on the topic
Explain, define, or analyze the topic in detail
Share an applicable personal experience
Provide an outside source that applies to the topic, along with additional information about the topic or the source (please cite properly in APA 7)
Make an argument concerning the topic.
.
How (Not) to be Secular by James K.A. SmithSecular (1)—the ea.docxsimonithomas47935
How (Not) to be Secular? by James K.A. Smith
Secular (1)—the earthly plane of domestic life as distinguished from the sacred.
Secular (2)—areligious, neutral, unbiased, “objective”
Secular (3)—a world in which it is possible to imagine not believing in God; religious belief is no longer axiomatic.
Cross-pressured—The simultaneous pressure of various spiritual options or the feeling of being caught between an echo of transcendence and the drive toward immanentization.
Immanent frame—A constructed social space that frames our lives entirely within a natural order, an order “whose working could be systematically understood and explained in its own term, leaving open the question whether this whole order had a deeper significance....” (Taylor, A Secular Age, p. 15)
Exclusive humanism—A worldview that is able to account for meaning and significance without any appeal to the divine or transcendence.
Self-transcendence—a turning of life toward something beyond ordinary human flourishing. (Taylor, p. 44)
Fullness—The human impulsion to find significance, meaning, value—even within an entirely immanent frame.
Spin—A construal of life in an immanent frame that does not recognize itself as construal. Does not grant plausibility to the alternative,
Take—A construal of life in an immanent frame that is open to appreciating the viability of other takes.
Modern Moral Order (MMO)—Understanding of morality that focuses on the organization of society for mutual benefit rather than obligation to higher or eternal norms.
Faith
Faith Development Theory and a Look at Faith Today
Definitions of Faith
Faith (in general) = one’s ultimate concern (Paul Tillich)
Religious Faith = a relationship with God which engages a person’s total personhood; (Fischer and Hart reading); personal knowledge of God (Richard McBrien)
Faith is not primarily belief in ideas but in God
Difference between faith and “the faith”—the latter usually refers to a collection of “beliefs”
Misunderstandings of the Meaning of Faith
1. Having faith is believing things, “assenting to truths”—the rationalist misunderstanding
2. Having faith is behaving morally—the moralist misunderstanding
3. Having faith is feeling something —the emotionalist misunderstanding
These are all aspects of faith but faith cannot be reduced to any one of these.
Key Points about Faith
1. “Faith seeks understanding and is a friend of reason.” (The United States Catholic Catechism for Adults) In the words of Vatican I, faith is “consonant with reason.” Faith and reason are compatible. Faith is not “blind faith.”
2. Although faith has a content (beliefs), what Christians believe in are not the formulas of faith but in the realities they express.
3. Faith is a commitment of the whole person, not just the intellect of the person.
4. Faith is both personal and communal.
Faith Development Theory
Fowler’s Stages of Faith
Similar to Lawrence Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development
Overview of the Stages.
Hopefully, you enjoyed this class on Digital Media and Society.Q.docxsimonithomas47935
Hopefully, you enjoyed this class on Digital Media and Society.
Question #1:
Has your impression of digital media and society changed after taking this class? How? What in your opinion is the future of digital media and the Internet?
Topic 2: One Takeaway
There are no readings assigned this week. Reflect on the weekly Read & Watch content you have been exposed to throughout the semester to craft your response.
Discussion:
There are many interesting concepts, ideas, and theories presented in this class. We talked Curly Fries, Filter Bubbles, Global Collaboration, Digital Divide, Privacy, Big Data...
Question #1:
What is the most important thing you have learned from this class? What is your Number One Takeaway?
.
hoose (1) one childhood experience from the list provided below..docxsimonithomas47935
hoose
(1) one
childhood experience from the list provided below. This list has been generated from the Australian Institute of health and Welfare (2020) Australia’s Children report.
Asthma in children aged 5-14
Type 1 diabetes in children aged 0-14
Brain cancer in children up to 14 years
Anxiety disorders in children aged 5-14
Dental decay in children over 12
Overweight/Obesity in children 5-14
School aged child living with an intellectual disability
Children experiencing homelessness
Low birthweight babies
Children who are exposed to or a victim of family violence
After researching the prevalence of your chosen childhood experience, develop a brief hypothetical case study (200 words or so) about a child and their family highlighting the health care setting in which you (the nurse) meet the family;
the case study helps to guide your essay and provide context for your reader.
To explore the impact of your chosen childhood experience on the child and their family in the case study you have developed, read widely and address the following prompts informed by
contemporary and relevant
developmental, nursing and family care theory:
Outline the prevalence in Australia of the childhood experience chosen and highlight the short term, medium term and potential long term health outcomes/impact on the child
Discuss the impact (protective or otherwise) of family, culture and environment on the identified health outcomes for children identified from prompt 1
Explore the impact of the chosen childhood experience on the learning and development of the child in the case study, in light of their age/stage of development
When you (the nurse) meet the family (as outlined in your case study) how might you engage therapeutically with the child and family? Outline age/development appropriate communication strategies that you could adopt to support child/family flourishing
Based on the chosen childhood experience selected and the case study specifics, provide two priority nursing actions/interventions with rationales, that would advocate for positive child/family health outcomes
This essay will be developed with an introduction, body and conclusion, with correct grammar and spelling and acknowledging sources using APA 7th Edition referencing style. Word count of 2000 words +/-10% will be maintained; inclusive of intext references, excluding reference list.
Rubric
Assessment 3: Case study and literature review
Assessment 3: Case study and literature reviewCriteriaRatingsPtsThis criterion is linked to a learning outcome1.Case study developed is clear, informative and feasible
5
PtsExceeds expectationsVery well considered case study. The child/family circumstances are realistic and comprehensively presented in light of the chosen childhood experience; the context of the family and nurse interaction is clearly defined.4
PtsMeets ExpectationsWell considered case study. The child/family circumstances are realistic and thoroughly present.
honesty, hard work, caring, excellence HIS 1110 Dr. .docxsimonithomas47935
honesty, hard work, caring, excellence
HIS 1110 Dr. G. J. Giddings
ANALYSIS PAPER: GREAT MIGRATION HISTORY AS TACTIC
4 pages; 4 “works cited”/reference sources (at least 1 primary source)
Related Course Outcome: Identify and analyze connections between individual events and national
historic events.
OPTIONS I
Analysis Paper: Migration As Tactic/
Solution
(Long Interviews as main resource) (4 pages)
Millions of African Americans escaped or ran away from their homes in the South to seek refuge
in the North. Explore your individual interviewees’ descriptions of problems (lack of opportunities, racial
terrorism, personal reasons, etc.) they faced in the South or wherever, and how they attempted to
escape these problems by choosing migration as a tactic or solution. Explore how the individual
migration stories connect to or compare with the general Great Migration “push” and “pull” factors,
which motivated so many African Americans to leave the South. To help draw these connections,
identify and compare the “pull” and “push” factors of the Great Migration as well as other related
course themes such as: leadership tactics, African America socio-economic and culture status/state,
protest; demographic shifts/changes, etc.
OPTIONS II
Analysis Paper: Migration As Tactic/
.
hoose one of the four following visualsImage courtesy o.docxsimonithomas47935
hoose one of the four following visuals:
Image courtesy of: Nike® 2013 advertisement
Image courtesy of: Parents magazine June 2011
Image courtesy of: Harley Davidson® advertisement
Image courtesy of: Bank of America advertisement
In a
2-3-page APA formatted paper with an additional reference page
(
template here
), analyze the strategic use of perceptual visual communication:
Analyze how specific semiotic visuals in your chosen image affect different cultural perceptions (age, ethnicity, social group, etc.).
Describe how each culture’s cognitive memories and experiences may affect how they perceive this image.
Explain why cultural perception is important to consider when working with international or global cultures.
Discuss why it is important to consider cultural perception when interacting with different age cultures and different social groupings.
Support the items above by including relevant quotes and paraphrases from academic/scholarly sources.
.
HomeworkChoose a site used by the public such as a supermark.docxsimonithomas47935
Homework
Choose a site used by the public such as a supermarket, doctor's office, library, post office, or department store and observe one or more key processes, the associated suppliers, inputs, process steps, outputs, customers, the measurement systems, and how the measurements are used to manage and improve the process. Submit a Word document in which you include the following:
Company visited.
Process observed.
SIPOC elements.
Process measurements.
Process management systems used.
.
Homework 2 Please answer the following questions in small paragraph.docxsimonithomas47935
Homework 2: Please answer the following questions in small paragraphs:
• What were the conditions in Europe that led to the conquest of America?
• What effects did the conquest had on the native peoples of America, as well as, in the Europeans?
• What were the motives, mindset, and social backgrounds of the Spanish conquistadors?
• What factors explain the relative ease with which a small number of Spaniards conquered great and populous indigenous empires?
.
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BBA 2010-16J-5A21-S1, Introduction to Business
Unit VI
Upload Assignment: Unit VI Case Study
BBA 2010-16J-5A21-S1, Introduction to Business
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Course Resource Booklet (Final Submission Due)
Child Welfare Advocates have many resources available to them to assist those in need. The key is to know what resources are available. This assignment will require students to create resources on local and child welfare social services and present in a booklet format. This will be an ongoing course project as you learn about new resources in each module. As you continue with your classes, you may even choose to add additional resources.
Timeline
Module 1
— Course Resource Project assigned
Module 2
— Submit for instructor feedback – non-graded.
Students will submit the title page, introduction and one agency description in Module 2 for purposes of non-graded feedback.
Module 5
— Final Course Resource project due
Directions
Students will create a booklet that compiles information for twelve different agencies.
The twelve agencies must represent the following categories of general services. No category can be eliminated.
Adult Assistance — include one agency that specializes in helping the homeless
Child Development — include one agency that specializes in helping those in poverty
Family Support Services — include one resource on family violence
Health — include one agency that specializes in helping those with addiction
Legal — include the Guardian Ad Litem program
Mental Health
Each category should include:
A maximum of two agency resources for each category.
No more than one state agency may be included in each category.
Do not use the same agency more than once.
Agencies should be alphabetized by category.
Students should work on the Course Resource Booklet each module so they have a cumulative booklet ready for submission. Do not wait until the last minute.
Each local agency resource should include the following information. Use headings for components, as needed.
(See sample page attached.)
Name of Agency
Agency address (Domestic Violence shelters may use outreach center)
Website URL
Hours of Operation
Agency Description of 150 to 175 words
. This part of the resource booklet must be written and paraphrased in paragraph format and must include the following information:
(1.5 spacing for submission to instructor)
Mission/Purpose of the resource
Populations Served
Specific Type of Services
Eligibility Requirements
One strength and one limitation of the agency or its services
The final booklet should include:
A Title Page
Table of Contents
An introduction with a statement of purpose and definition of child welfare
Use paragraph form for agency description, strength and limitations of resource
Agency information should be alphabetized and spaced at 1.5
Use Times New Roman, size 12 font
Include page numbers
Be visually appealing and professional in appearance
Submit your document to Turnitin®. Turnitin® will tell you if you have copied text from o.
Homeless The Motel Kids of Orange CountyWrite a 1-2 page pa.docxsimonithomas47935
Homeless: The Motel Kids of Orange County
Write a 1-2 page paper double spaced using 12 point Calibri/Times New Roman font.
Your paper should be written using the “conflict” and “symbolic interactionism” perspective. 1) What was the premise of the video? 2) Give two examples of how the children understood the situation they are in. 3) Why or why not do you see hope for the children. 4) How did the video make you feel?
.
Home work 8 Date 042220201. what are the different between.docxsimonithomas47935
Home work 8
Date 04/22/2020
1. what are the different between waterboards.ca.gov and water.ca.gov government agencies?
Go to website waterboards.ca.gov and water .ca.gov government
.
HistoryPart1 No minimum wordsDiscussion 1 The Rise of Communism an.docxsimonithomas47935
HistoryPart1: No minimum wordsDiscussion 1: The Rise of Communism and Fascism
Compare and contrast the two types of authoritarian governments that arose after 1917, that is, communism and fascism. What were the origins of these governments, their accomplishments, and their failures? What accounts for the fact that the masses mobilized to support these movements? Elaborate.Discussion 2: Nationalism and the Treaty of Versailles
What were reasons that led to the ultimate failure of the Treaty of Versailles? What were the challenges facing the newly-formed League of Nations, and why was it so difficult to form a lasting agreement that would prevent another war? Elaborate.
Discussion: The Rise of Fascism, World War II and the Holocaust
Analyze Adolph Hitler's rise to power and the policies he used to rule Germany. The following statement was taken from a contemporary account of Germany in 1939:
"Though the Fuhrer's anti-Semitic program furnished the National Socialist party in the first instances with a nucleus and a rallying-cry, it was swept into office by two things with which the 'Jewish Problem' did not have the slightest connection. On the one side was economic distress and the revulsion against Versailles: on the other, chicanery and intrigue...Hitler and his party promised the unhappy Germans a new heaven and a new earth, coupled with the persecution of the Jews. Unfortunately, a new heaven and earth cannot be manufactured to order. But a persecution of the Jews can..."
How do you interpret this contemporary account of the persecution of people who are Jewish? Elaborate.
Part 2: Minimum 900 wordsCase Study: Imperialism and Exploitation
IntroductionThe exploitation of colonial resources and indigenous labor was one of the key elements in the success of imperialism. Such exploitation was a result of the prevalent ethnocentrism of the time and was justified by the unscientific concept of social Darwinism, which praised the characteristics of white Europeans and inaccurately ascribed negative characteristics to indigenous peoples. A famous poem of the time by Rudyard Kipling, White Man's Burden, called on imperial powers, and particularly the U.S., which the poem was directed at, to take up the mission of civilizing these "savage" peoples.
InstructionsRead the poem at the following link:
· Link (website): White Man’s Burden (Rudyard Kipling) (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
After reading the poem, address the following in a case study analysis:
· Define social Darwinism in your own words.
· Analyze the motivations and consequences that Kipling presents for undertaking the "White Man's Burden."
· What specific examples of ethnocentrism can you identify?
· Were the "Half-devil and half-child" peoples truly uncivilized?
Case Study: Mobilizing the Masses
Introduction
Adolph Hitler was a charismatic figure with remarkable oratory skills that he was able to use to unify the German people under his leadership by appealing to .
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
HOSP3075 Brand Analysis Paper 1This is the first of three assignme.docx
1. HOSP3075 Brand Analysis Paper 1
This is the first of three assignments you will complete by
studying the hotel brand you have chosen. Please organize your
paper using the topic headings below. You must use at least
four sources to help you (including the company website). Use
MLA format, and remember to cite your sources within the
paper. Please double space.
Brand Overview and History (1/2 to 1 page)
Provide a brief history of the brand, with a timeline. Explain the
geographic locations of the brand’s hotel properties, for
example – “primarily in the Southwestern United States”, or “in
the US, Canada, and Europe”. What is this brand’s parent
company (if there is one)? What are the other brands in the
company portfolio, and how does the brand you selected fit in?
Target Markets (1 to 2 pages)
Identify and describe two of the brand’s target markets.
In your description of each market, describe its geographic,
demographic, psychographic, and/or behavioral characteristics.
For example your brand might pursue a Leisure Transient
Market that has these characteristics: millennial (demographic -
life cycle), strivers (psychographic - lifestyle), from the USA
(geographic - state), seeks free WIFI (behavioral – benefits
sought).
Brand Position (1/2 to 1 page)
Describe the position of your brand. Start by making a clear,
one or two-sentence positioning statement. Then provide some
details, including any points-of-parity or points-of difference.
Also, write a “brand mantra” for your brand. (See pages 65-67.)
Brand Elements (1 to 2 pages)
1. Identify and describe the brand elements (also known as
brand identities). Elements include the brand name, URL, logo,
2. symbols, characters, spokespersons, slogans, jingles, signage,
and more.
2. Choose one of the brand elements, and analyze it based on
the “criteria for choosing brand elements” as described in
Chapter 4.
Conclusion (1/2 page)
Based on what you have learned about this brand so far, what is
your opinion about its future?
Works Cited
Please use MLA format for your Works Cited page.
Research Proposal Part-2
Course Title and Code
Research Methods, C39RE
Course Lecturer
Dr. Esinath Ndiweni
Title of Research Proposal
Occupational Stress Management: Stress, Burnout and Coping
among Nurses operating at Emergency Departments in Abu
Dhabi
Student Name
Jesvin Joseph Augustine
HWID
H00259465
Program title:
B.A. Business and Finance
Word Count:
1854
3. Table of Contents
Introduction…………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
..3
· Research Aim and
Objectives……………………………………………………………
………………………………….3
Research
Strategy………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………….3
· Research
Philosophy……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………….3
· Research
Approach………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………3
Data Collection
Methods………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………….4
· Semi-structured
Interviews……………………………………………………………
……………………………………..4
· Web-based Survey
Questionnaires………………………………………………………
……………………………….5
Data Analysis
Techniques……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………5
· Thematic
4. Analysis………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………5
· Statistical Package for Social
Sciences………………………………………………………………
…………………..5
Ethical
Issues…………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………….6
Structure………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
..6
Structure of Final
Work…………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………….7
References……………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
..7
Introduction:
Research Aim and Objectives
Part 1 of the Research Proposal showed that the aim of the
proposal was to understand the research topic of occupational
stress management with regards to stress, nurse burnout and
coping among nurses at the emergency departments in Abu
Dhabi. It included a background into the research topic,
literature review and the significance of the dissertation. The
research questions inquired (1) whether stressors have an
impact on nurses, (2) if Nurse Burnout can be reduced or
eliminated, (3) which coping strategies are most preferred
among nurses, and (4) what percentage of nurses exhibit high
and low stress working in the emergency department. The
objectives included (1) to evaluate different stressors affecting
nurses in the workplace, (2) to explore the factors leading to
Nurse Burnout, (3) to evaluate nurses’ preferences on coping
strategies, and (4) to examine differences in stress levels among
5. nurses in the workplace.
Part 2 of the Proposal will follow up on the strategy,
methodology and structure of the dissertation.
Research strategy:
Research Philosophy
Along with being a means to answer research questions, a
research strategy bridges the philosophy and methodology to be
utilized in the study (Denzin & Lincoln, 2018). Here, the
dissertation will be exploratory in nature, through a case study
strategy on a medical institution in Abu Dhabi, so as to
understand the influences of occupational stress on nurses and
would help gain deeper insights on the research topic (Yin,
2014). Furthermore, since human behavior and interests are
aligned to the research, the philosophy undertaken would be of
interpretivism as the study will be exploring subjective opinions
(Myers, 2013). In the same manner, Saunders et al. (2016) find
interpretivism to be particularly apt while conducting research
in areas such as Organizational Behavior as well as Human
Resource Management which are core elements of the research
topic.
Research Approach
Whilst conducting research, the approach to be utilized will be
of mixed methods, which involves making use of quantitative
and qualitative data collection methodologies in order to
explore observations (Tashakkori and Teddlie, 2010), drawing
out conclusions and attempting to build on existing related
theory. This relates to the Triangulation of qualitative data from
semi-structured interviews and quantitative data from web-
based survey questionnaires which is highly associated with a
case study strategy (Saunders et al. 2016) and will be
considered in the study.
Although interpretivism usually associates with qualitative
methods of collecting and analyzing data, quantitative methods
may be utilized since the nature of the research inquiry is
subjective (Saunders et al. 2016); which is further backed by
6. authors Cook and Reichardt (1979) who suggest that the
philosophical paradigm of one approach may be utilized along
with the methodology of another.
The reason for adopting a mixed methods approach pertains to
the understanding that some elements of the study will require
utilizing an inductive approach, through the use of semi-
structured interviews to explore (1) whether stressors have an
impact on nurses, (2) if Nurse Burnout can be reduced or
eliminated, and (3) which coping strategies are most preferred
among nurses, and some following a deductive approach, in the
form of survey questionnaires to explore (4) what percentage of
nurses exhibit high and low stress levels working at the
emergency department. This approach is further backed by the
understanding that both quantitative and qualitative methods
can be used to support each other (Creswell and Plano Clark,
2017). And by using multiple methods, Bryman (2016) suggests
this approach to be highly appropriate among managerial
researchers since the limitations of using a single method are
avoided as well as providing a more insightful approach to
collecting, analyzing and interpreting data.
Data Collection Methods:
Easterby-Smith et al. (2018) suggest that having existing
contacts for the purpose of research provides easier access to
data and increases credibility among new contacts, which aligns
well within the case study strategy followed. Similarly, this is
how the study will attempt to gather data. On another note, the
use of qualitative and quantitative methodologies, are able to
test and enhance theoretical perspectives which will be able to
offer a more focused sense of direction to the study (Tashakkori
and Teddlie, 2010). Both primary and secondary data sources
will be used in the dissertation. Primary data will be acquired
from semi-structured interviews (qualitative) and web-based
survey questionnaires (quantitative) to collect, analyze and form
conclusions on findings. Secondary data will be acquired from
past and current published papers on similar studies to review
7. and understand certain elements of the research topic, which is
often utilized in case study strategies (Saunders et al., 2016).
The semi-structured interviews will be purposive and use
‘snowball technique’ in order to gain participants whereas the
web-based survey questionnaire will be self-completed.
Semi-Structured Interviews
Cooper and Schindler (2018) suggest that adopting semi-
structured interviews within an exploratory study is highly
appropriate for the research design so as to understand the
decisions, mindset and responses of participants and their
reasons for these. Along with fitting into the interpretivist
epistemology, these offer the opportunity to build on
participants’ responses to comprehend the meanings of the
observed phenomenon (Saunders et al. 2016) thereby exploring
research questions through further inquiries. In the same
manner, Creswell and Poth (2016) imply that the core and
associated questioning involved in gathering data, are improved
while the interview is being conducted. This part of the study
would follow an inductive approach. Being purposive, semi-
structured interviews will be used to evaluate different stressors
for nurses at work, to explore factors leading to Nurse Burnout
and to evaluate their preferences of coping strategies, by
adapting from Lazarus and Folkman’s Transactional Model of
Stress and Coping.
The data from the semi-structured interviews will be either be
audio recorded or taken down as notes to produce transcripts
(Kvale and Brinkmann, 2015) under participants’ consent, for
analyzes. Guest et al. (2006) suggest that 12 semi-structured
interviews would be sufficient provided that participants are
part of a homogeneous group. Here, 14 participants would be
considered and categorized on the basis of age, gender and work
experience, and will remain anonymous.
Web-based Survey Questionnaire
Although they are not apt for exploratory research, survey
8. questionnaires concerned with attitudes and ideas of
participants would aid in understanding their differences
towards a particular situation (Saunders et al., 2016). Here, it
would look at differences in stress levels among nurses in the
workplace. These self-completed questionnaires would be
designed and available online using SurveyMonkey.
Furthermore, they work well in a mixed method approach and
will be complementary to findings from semi-structured
interviews (Creswell and Plano Clark, 2017). By using
questionnaires, the study will mainly look at Attribute
Variables, which understand differences of opinions and
behavior among participants, so as to make conclusions on the
population (Dillman et al., 2014). Moreover, questions adapted
from the Professional Life Stress scale developed by David
Fontana will be considered as similar studies utilized this too. It
includes rated questions which are useful in collecting
subjective opinions (Saunders et al. 2016). In addition, this
study will also include Burnout as a factor which similar studies
did not consider (Koval, 2016).
Here, the sampling frame will consist of all registered nurses of
the emergency department at the particular medical institution,
in Abu Dhabi. A sample of 90 participants will be considered.
Data Analysis Techniques:
Thematic Analysis
Data gathered from semi-structured interviews will be analyzed
to search for patters or themes from each research question.
Braun and Clarke (2006) find Thematic Analysis to be the basis
for qualitative data analysis since it provides a systematic and
flexible approach in analyzing qualitative data. This will be
aided by transcribing data through summaries so to be familiar
with it (Kvale and Brinkmann, 2015). Furthermore, all data
would be coded, as the approach followed here is inductive, in
order to be exploring all possibilities of meaning from the data
collected, however this may be time consuming (Saunders et al.
2016). A list of codes used, along with a description of its’ use
9. will be kept during coding. The research question to be
answered here, will influence the data to be selected for coding.
CAQDAS will be used to help code data. After coding, the
analysis will follow searching for themes and patterns that are
related to the research question by understanding core concepts,
whether these seem to be related and/or recurring within codes,
the essence of each theme and the presence of a thematic map
underlying relations among themes. Then follows refining
themes to revise the relationships between them so as to check
whether coded data are meaningful to each other. Through this
process, the study will hope to gain testable propositions, so as
to develop valid conclusions (Miles et al. 2019).
Statistical Package for Social Sciences
According to Greasley (2008), SPSS is most commonly used
and appropriate analytical tool for quantitative data, through the
use of questionnaires. The Ordinal data collected from the web-
based survey questionnaire will utilize SPSS. This is done to
determine what percentage of nurses exhibit high and low stress
levels in the emergency department. As the dissertation will be
exploratory in nature, analysis will utilize descriptive statistics
through measures of central tendency and dispersion so as to
provide a brief summary of the data; and coding will utilize
existing schemes of Social Attitude Variables (Park et al, 2010)
which will be pre-set codes. As a result of this, discussions will
be drawn out in order to provide the final thoughts and
recommendations of the dissertation.
Ethical Issues:
Saunders et al. (2016) suggest that ethics should be the first
priority during and after the study, which may involve changing
research strategy and methodology wherever required. Here, it
is crucial that the understanding of the country and culture
where the study would be conducted, be considered. In short,
following appropriate ethical codes of conduct within the
bounds of the study is a critical aspect in its validation
(Marshall and Rossman, 2016). Research related to nursing
10. along with all forms of human studies are found to be highly
sensitive to ethical codes as there is great deal of concern with
protecting the overall well-being and interests of participants
involved (Denscombe, 2012). With regards to gaining access to
data, the study will not put pressure on nurses to participant and
will respect their privacy, thereby not disrupting their interests.
Structure:
Structure of final work:
Chapter 1 will look at introducing the research topic of
Occupational Stress Management with regards to Stress,
Burnout and Coping Strategies among nurses working at
Emergency Departments in an Abu Dhabi based hospital. It will
also include the research questions along with aims, objectives
and how the study would be conducted. Chapter 2 will focus on
Literature Review in Theoretical Context by utilizing secondary
data sources like research papers and related journal articles.
Chapter 3 will follow up on research methodology, which
includes the philosophy, approaches, data collection techniques
and analyses to be considered while conducting research.
Chapter 4 would form a discussion on the results from data
collection and analyses from research methodology. Chapter 5
will conclude the study by providing final thoughts and
recommendations. The dissertation will end on a reference list
and additional data through appendices.
References:
Bryman, A. (2016). Social Research Methods. 5th ed. New
York: Oxford University Press.
Cook, T. D. & Reichardt, C. S. (1979). Qualitative and
Quantitative Methods in Evaluation. 1st Ed. Beverly Hills, CA:
Sage publications.
Cooper, D. R. & Schindler, P. S. (2018). Business Research
Methods. 13th ed. London: McGraw-Hill.
11. Creswell, J. W. & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and
Conducting Mixed Methods Research. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks:
Sage.
Creswell, J. W & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative Inquiry and
Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. 4th ed.
Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage publications.
Denscombe, M. (2012). Research Proposals: A Practical Guide.
1st ed. England: McGraw-Hill Education.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2018). The SAGE handbook of
qualitative research. 5th ed. Los Angeles: Sage.
Dillman, D. A, Smyth, J. D. & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet,
Phone, Mail and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Taliored Design
Method. 4th ed. New York: Wiley.
Easterby-Smith, M., Thorpe, R. & Jackson, P.R. (2018).
Management and Business Research. 6th ed. London: Sage.
Greasley, P. (2008). Quantitative Data Analysis Using SPSS:
An Introduction for Health & Social Science. 1st ed.
Maidenhead: Open University Press.
Guest, G., Bunce, A. & Johnson, L. (2006). How many
interviews are enough? An experiment with data saturation and
validity. Field Methods, 18(1), pp. 59-82.
Koval, L. (2016). Stress management among health care
professionals: Psychological methods and coping techniques.
Bachelor’s Thesis, Laurea University of Applied Sciences.
Kvale, S. & Brinkmann, S. (2015). Interviews: Learning the
Craft of Qualitative Research Interviewing. 3rd ed. Los
Angeles: Sage.
Marshall, C. & Rossman, G. B. (2016). Designing Qualitative
Research. 6th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Miles, M. B. Huberman, A. M. & Saldana, J. (2019). Qualitative
Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks,
CA: Sage.
Myers, M.D. (2013). Qualitative Research in Business &
Management. 2nd ed. Los Angeles: Sage
Park, A., Curtice, J., Thompson, K., Phillips, M., Clery, E. &
Butt, S. (2010). British Social Attitudes. 26th report. London:
12. Sage.
Saunders, M., Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A. (2016). Research
Methods for Business Students. 7th ed. Harlow: Pearson.
Tashakkori, A. & Teddlie, C. (2010). The Sage Handbook of
Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioral Research. 2nd ed.
Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Yin, R. K. (2014). Case Study Research Design and Methods.
5th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
7
Table of Contents
Research Aim 3
Research Objectives 3
Research Philosophy 3
Data Collection 5
Data Analysis 6
Ethical Issues 7
Structure 8
Research Timeline 9
References 10
13. Impact of Technology on Accounting Education in the
UAEResearch Aim
The aim of this research is to examine whether the university
curriculum has incorporated changes in technology in their
accounting education.Research Objectives
· To explore the perceptions of former students whether the
accounting education given to them by universities has prepared
them for changes in technology.
· To examine the perception of teachers and professors whether
the accounting education given to students is making them well
equipped for the accounting world and its technological
changes.
· To investigate and perform a content analysis of the course
timetable the universities follow for the courses of
accounting.Research Philosophy
Philosophy stems from the idea that there are various views of
the world we live in and the processes that operate in it.
Philosophy deals with the views of the world, how it works, and
in the case of philosophy as an academic subject, it focuses
primarily on the knowledge, reality, and existence (Mason,
2014). Research philosophy can be defined as a belief about the
way the information and the data about a subject should be
collected, examined and then used. Two of the research
philosophies have been discussed in this dissertation which are
ontology and epistemology (Davison, 1998).
The study of being is called Ontology (Crotty, 1998). It
questions the nature of human beings and the nature of reality in
the world (Denzin and Lincoln, 2005). A lot of research
suggests that ontology deals with the assumptions made by the
researchers on how the world operates and commitment held to
specific views by initiating social phenomena (Eriksson and
14. Kovalainen, 2008; Wilson, 2010; Zikmund, 2003).
Epistemology deals with the forms and the nature of knowledge.
The epistemological assumptions are made on how the
knowledge or data that we use is created, acquired and finally
communicated, or to sum it up in a single line, what it means to
know (Cohen, Manion and Morrison, 2007).
The three main types of paradigms used to understand and
investigate reality that is relevant to this dissertation are
discussed below that are pragmatism, positivism, and
interpretivism.
Pragmatism is the research paradigm suitable for this
dissertation for the topic “The impact of information technology
in the accounting education system in the UAE”. It is another
part of the research paradigm used to study reality which is
different from the contradicting positivist and interpretivist
research paradigms (Tashakkori and Teddlie, 1998).
To establish their research outline, pragmatist researchers begin
their research using the research question rather than deciding
on ontology and epistemology as their belief. They think that
objectivism and subjectivism perceptions can coexist together.
Therefore, to understand social phenomena a combination of
ontology, epistemology, and axiology research philosophies can
be used. The importance here is given to what solves the
research problem in the best manner. The researchers supporting
pragmatism prefer using both quantitative and qualitative data
for their research as it allows them to understand social reality
better than working with just one type of data (Wahyuni, 2012).
Positivist paradigm assumes that the research is separate from
the researcher and the outcomes of the research will not be
affected by the researcher, the underlying being that objects are
absolute, and it cannot be altered, it is the duty of the researcher
to derive the meaning from it. This paradigm requires the use of
surveys, questionnaires and other types of quantitative data and
the topic taken for this dissertation cannot be completely relied
upon this type of data (Scotland, 2012)
15. Interpretive paradigm, unlike positivist paradigm, is linked with
subjectivism, the individual perspective plays a greater role in
understanding the phenomenon by understanding the interaction
between individuals and investigating it by taking into account
the cultural and historical context within which entities dwell
in. This paradigm uses interviews, focus groups, case studies
and other types of qualitative data as its research methods but
this dissertation cannot fully take the approach of interpretive
paradigm (Creswell, 2009).
This is the reason why pragmatism research paradigm is the
most appropriate paradigm chosen for this dissertation. Taking
this combination of both positivism and interpretivism would
help understand the research topic better so as to give thorough
answers to research questions, find new ones and make changes
in consequent research designs (Creswell and Plano Clark,
2011).
Data Collection
The data collection methods chosen for this dissertation are
personal interviews of current teachers and students who are a
part of the accounting course which comes under qualitative
methods and surveys of former students who took accounting as
their major which comes under quantitative methods.
To collect data from the participants using qualitative data
collection methods, in-depth interviews are taken with open-
ended questions so that the participants give descriptive
answers regarding the research taking place. Since qualitative
research approach is focused on small groups, it provides a
broader understanding of behavior and therefore sufficient
relevant information about actual people and their
circumstances (De Vaus, 2014, Leedy and Ormrod, 2013).
For the purpose of this dissertation, personal interviews of the
faculty members teaching accountancy as well as students who
have taken accountancy as their course will be conducted in two
universities of Dubai namely, Heriot-Watt University and
16. Middlesex University. Through these interviews, it will be
found out whether the changes in technology are being
incorporated in the accounting education and preparing the
students to face the outside world. The main reason behind
conducting an interview is to help participants share their views
and experiences regarding the topic of the dissertation being
done by the interviewer (Boeije, 2009).
Another method used to collect data from the participants would
be using quantitative methods. Likert Scale survey would be the
most suitable method to examine the perception and attitudes of
former students who majored in accounting in Heriot-Watt
University Dubai and Middlesex University Dubai and are
currently working in the accounting field towards, whether the
education received in university equipped them to be work
ready once they graduate in respect to the changes in
technology. Survey method of data collection includes a
questionnaire prepared by the researcher and as the graduates
will be spread out throughout the world, they can access and
return it through post or mail which will make the data
processing and analyzing easier and cheaper (Fowler, 2002).
The third method used to collect data for this dissertation will
be content analysis. It is one of the many qualitative methods
used to analyze and interpret data which has an objective and
systematic way of describing it. To undertake this, the contents
of the textbooks and the course outline of accounting subjects
of Heriot-Watt University and Middlesex University to examine
whether they are incorporating the changes taking place in the
technological world in the accounting education of their
university and preparing their students in order to face the
corporate world (Schreier, 2012).
Knowing the advantages and disadvantages of using both
qualitative and quantitative data, the researcher has the benefit
of combining or integrating strategies from both the types of
data and using the basic principle of mixed research. This
principle states that researchers should gather data using
17. varying approaches, strategies, and methods such that the
consequent combination is likely to result in corresponding
strengths and noncoinciding drawbacks (Brewer and Hunter,
1989; Johnson and Turner, 2003).Data Analysis
The data analysis method chosen for this dissertation is
thematic analysis for the qualitative data collected. It is the
most extensively used approach to analyze interviews and other
types of qualitative data. The theoretical positions of Braun and
Clarke (2006) will be the basis of the conceptual framework for
this dissertation.
Thematic analysis is considered as a method unlike other
qualitative approaches which are considered as methodologies.
This means that, from a learning and teaching perspective, it is
regarded as a very flexible method of analysis as it is not
bounded by a specific theoretical or epistemological aspect
(Braun and Clarke, 2006; Clarke and Braun, 2013).
The research question for this dissertation involves examining
the perceptions of teachers as well as current and former
students through their experiences and opinions. Therefore, the
interview questions, its execution, and the analysis carried out
were all based on that. There are two types of thematic data
analysis, one which is based on the research question called as
top-down or theoretical thematic analysis and the other which is
done based on the data collected known as bottom-up or
inductive thematic analysis. This dissertation relates to the
former one more than the latter.
The analysis of the data collected through interviews with
current students who are studying accounting, former students
who studied accounting and are now working in the accounting
sector as well as professors teaching accountancy in both the
universities taken will be conducted in three steps that are, data
preparation for analysis through transcribing, using the process
of coding to divide the data into themes and data representation
(Creswell, 2012; Miles and Huberman, 1994).
The purpose of conducting a thematic analysis is to classify
themes, i.e., patterns in the data that are found out by a
18. thorough process of familiarizing of data, coding of data,
development of themes and a subsequent review, that are
relevant and use these themes to analyze the data and further
conduct the research to know whether universities are actually
adopting the changes in technology in their accounting courses
to better prepare their students. This analysis not only
summarizes the data but interprets it and makes it relevant and
useful (Braun and Clarke, 2006).
The quantitative data collected using the survey method of data
collection from the former graduates of accounting who are
currently working in the field of accounting will be analyzed
through statistical package for social science (SPSS) or through
Microsoft Excel since the data collected can be measured
quantitatively. These programmes cover a wide range of
formulas to perform statistical calculations and can help to find
out the percentage of participants taking the survey who think
whether the universities are incorporating the changes taking
place in the technology in their courses of accounting or not.
These methods are also time effective as most of the analysis
can be done through the auto calculations performed by the
programmes (Connolly, 2007; Gorard, 2001).Ethical Issues
Any type of research faces ethical issues. The process of doing
research acts as a hindrance between the aim of the research to
follow ethical guidelines and maintaining the right to privacy of
the participants. Ethics are concerned with doing what is right
and avoiding what is wrong and harmful which can be achieved
through following appropriate ethical principles. Therefore, it is
crucial to protect the participants of the research (Orb,
Eisenhauer and Wynaden, 2001).
The first ethical principle to follow while taking the interviews
and surveys would be informed consent, which means striking a
balance between under-informing and over-informing (Kvale,
1996). It also implies that the students and teachers involved
have the right to be autonomous and willingly participate or
refuse to be a part of the study. Consent is an agreement to trust
and it needs to be continuously renegotiated while conducting
19. the interviews as well as the surveys. A balanced relationship
between the researcher and the teachers and students
participating in the study will promote trust, disclosure, and
knowledge of possible ethical issues (Morse and Field, 1992)
The second ethical principle to follow is that of privacy which
implies that the personal information released in the interviews
and the surveys by the teachers as well as the students should
not be disclosed or if necessary, should be disclosed after
taking their consent (Munhall, 1988).
Another ethical principle is of beneficence which means that the
research should aim to do good and prevent harm. This implies
that if the students or the teachers are uncomfortable to
participate in the study or unable to answer some of the
questions asked then they have the freedom of choice to deny. It
also means that if the participants do not want to disclose their
names or their identity, it is the researcher’s moral obligation to
oblige and preferably use pseudonyms (Lavrakas, 2008).
The researcher also should ensure that all the relevant
information related to the survey and interview being conducted
should be told to the students and the teachers in order ensure
complete transparency (DiCicco-Bloom and Crabtree,
2006).Structure
The final structure of the thesis is as follows:
Chapter 1: Introduction to Topic
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Chapter 3: Methodology
Chapter 4: Data Collection and Analysis
Chapter 5: Results and Conclusion
The structure of this dissertation begins with a brief explanation
on Research Aims and Objectives followed by a detailed study
on the Potential Impacts on various parties. Next, there is a
research on Literature Review which reflects about the theories
in the respective field. The next chapter of the dissertation
explains the Theoretical Framework that represents the
ideologies of the students regarding the technology in UAE. The
20. next part of the dissertation is about the Research
Methodologies which explains the paradigms used which
subsequently leads to the Data Collection and the Data
Analysis. Finally, a precise information is given on the Ethical
Issues that should be considered during Research.
Research Timeline
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Research Methods
Coursework 2
Candidate Name: - Sarah Aamir Inam
24. Candidate Student ID Number: - H00283904
Module Name: - Research Methods
Course Code: - C39RE
Lecturer/Tutor : - Dr. Esinath Ndiweni
Word Count: - 1812 (Excluding References)
Table of Contents
Details
Page #
· Working Title
1. Introduction
3
2. Research Philosophy
3
3. Data Collection Methods
5
4. Data Analysis Techniques
7
25. 5. Ethical Issues and Considerations
8
6. Structure
9
7. References
11
Title
Evaluate the impact of the 2016 demonetization on middle-class
Indian Investors
26. Introduction
The aim of this study was to examine how demonetization
impacted the Indian stock markets and influenced investor
behavior. This paper will highlight the systematic process to
conduct the research and outline the methodological steps to be
carried out.
Research Strategy
Research philosophy is termed as the process of “developing
new knowledge” in a subject through individuals’ beliefs and
assumptions (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2016). Easterby-
Smith (2012) explains that a sound understanding of research
philosophy helps in creating refined data. Every researcher has
a different approach, strategy and perception when finding
solutions to a problem (Altinay, Paraskevas and Jang, 2008).
With an efficient research design several methodologies can be
tested, allowing greater exploration into the topic (Thorpe,
Jackson and Easterby-Smith, 2012). Lincoln and Guba (1985)
stated that the research paradigm consists of three essential
elements: epistemology, methodology and ontology. These
elements reflect an individual’s values, beliefs and views about
the world (Lincoln and Guba, 1985). Every issue requires an
understanding of what is (ontology) and understanding what it
means to know (epistemology) (Crotty, 1998).
Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with
assumptions made about the kind or nature of human knowledge
(Richards, 2003). Cohen, Manion and Morrison (2007) define it
as the “bases of knowledge – its nature and form, how it can be
derived and communicated to others” (Cohen, Manion and
Morrison, 2007). The epistemological approach can be divided
into interpretivism and positivism. Positivism focuses on
27. objectivity and evidence in gathering information, based on
distinct facts and values (Spencer and Snape, 2003). Objectivity
ensures that the researcher is cognizant of the boundaries within
which they work to avoid any bias. On the contrary,
interpretivism attaches importance to the nature of people’s
character along with participation in their social and cultural
life, whilst ignoring the methods of natural science (Elster,
2007). Interpretivist researchers study the meaning and
motivations behind people’s actions and behaviors (Whitley,
1984).
Ontology is the study of being and existence (McQueen and
McQueen, 2010). Richards (2003) defines ontology as the
assumptions made regarding the structure of reality and what
exists. It can be categorized into two parts, which are
subjectivism and objectivism.
As per Bryman (2012), objectivism considers ‘social
phenomena’s’ to be external factors, outside the influence of
researchers. On the other hand, subjectivism argues that social
actors can revise the external realities (Bryman, 2012). For this
proposal, the subjective approach will be preferred that will
allow in-depth analysis of the impact of demonetization on the
BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange). The research will be conducted
through a mixed-method approach, encompassing first an event
study – which will be quantitative to determine stock market
returns. The second stage will be using an interpretivist
approach, by conducting an interview of middle-income
investors in order to attain their perceptions of the experience.
Secondary research will be conducted through examining
historical data such as newspapers, official documents and stock
price movements. This study adopts 2 philosophical approaches
which are an interpretivist philosophy, because it investigates
investor behavior in a subjective manner. Along with a
positivist approach for the impact of demonetization on stock
market behavior which is an objective approach.
28. Data Collection Methods
Researchers are moving towards using a mixed-method
approach, in an attempt to expand the scope of their study and
benefit from greater insight (Sandelowski, 2000). It is necessary
to distinguish qualitative from quantitative methods when
conducting research. Qualitative data will be gathered using
interviews as it incorporates a narrative approach to data
analysis, whereby an individual can describe the psyche behind
their moral and ethical decisions (Kivunja and Kuyini, 2017).
On the other hand, quantitative research methods involve
numerical data and “quantification in collecting and analyzing
data” and will be collected by the means of an event study
(Bryman, 2012).
Demonetization took place on the 8th of November 2016 and
severely impacted the stock markets. Event study approach
monitors firms’ stock prices to measure the wealth effects of a
particular event over a period of time (Maul and Schiereck,
2016). This study will examine the impact of the demonetization
announcement on 30 companies listed on the BSE (Bombay
Stock Exchange) over a 50-day event window. This
methodology aims to evaluate if shareholders earned varying
returns due to the occurrence of the 2016 demonetization in
India. Key underlying assumptions when conducting this study
are as follows:
· Assuming markets to be efficient, the impact of an event will
be instantly reflected through share prices.
· The event is unforeseen, as in the case of the surprise
29. announcement of demonetization on the 8th of November 2016.
· The event is considered in isolation, ignoring all other factors
that may influence share prices (Sitthipongpanich, 2011).
The market return can be computed using the Market Model
formula (which makes use of regression analysis) as follows:
Ri,t = αi + βi Rm,t + εi (Chauhan and Kaushik, 2017)
Rit = return for security i for day t
αi = the intercept
βi = Volatility of security
Rmt = Return on market at day t
εi = error term
However, it should be noted that markets might be inefficient
with imperfect knowledge so events may be anticipated in
advance. Overlapping of multiple events can also be
problematic, as it will create biased stock returns (MacKinlay,
1997).
Alshenqeeti (2014) points out that the interactive nature of
interviews provide for complete, clear answers and yield in-
depth information about a certain topic or subject (Alshenqeeti,
2014). A semi-structured interview will be conducted on the
middle-income investors to understand their perspectives and
interpret the meaning of their described phenomena (Cassel and
Symon, 2014). The semi-structured approach has some
predetermined format, but is usually not rigid. It is more
explorative with open-ended questions, giving way to greater
interpretation (Blandford, Makri and Furniss, 2013). Despite
being time-consuming, interviews are amongst the most used
methods for extensive data analysis (Salvador, 2016). The
flexibility of such interviews will allow us to benefit from
greater understanding of the investors experiences. A drawback
30. of this methodology is the effort undertaken to analyze and
present the large amount of data gathered. Caution will be
exercised in choosing a suitable sample size, which should be
representative of the whole population (Newcomer, Hatry and
Wholey, 2015). Interviews will be conducted on a sample of 30
middle-class Indian investors to understand investor behavior.
Secondary Data on the other hand involves reviewing previously
gathered data for another primary purpose (Johnston, 2014).
This method tends to be cost effective and convenient to users
(Smith, 2008). Access to secondary data provides opportunities
to researchers with inadequate funds, to collect reliable data
(Hakim, 1982). However, it should be noted that the data was
collected for another purpose and may not be applicable to the
current scenario (Boslaugh, 2007).
Data Analysis Techniques
Qualitative data can be analyzed through varying methods,
including Template and Thematic analysis. Thematic Analysis is
a qualitative data collection method used to identify, analyze
and report patterns (themes) within data (Braun and Clarke,
2006). It can be used to analyze interview transcripts and
highlight the psychological state of the investors (Delaney,
Egan and O’Connell, 2011). Detailed sets of data are organized
to aid decision-making by researchers. However, the simplistic
approach may threaten validity of the results and cause damage
to readers (Javadi and Zarea, 2016).
Using template analysis, qualitative data gathered will be
reorganized on the basis of pre-established codes. Coding refers
to the systematic order through which information is
categorized into groups based on themes and patterns (Saldaña,
2015). Priori codes are predetermined codes derived from key
theoretical frameworks. The flexibility associated with template
analysis provides freedom to researchers to adapt to the needs
31. of different studies (King, 2019).
Event study methodology encompasses quantitative research in
relation to investment management. Event studies require cross
sectional regression analysis to measure the effects of
announcements on exogenous variables (Eckbo, Maksimovic
and Williams, 1990). Cross Sectional Analysis compares the
abnormal returns earned to a firms characteristics, taking into
consideration the economic effect of the event (Kothari and
Warner, 2004). They are straightforward and easy to execute,
but the results should be interpreted with caution (Campbell, Lo
and MacKinlay, 2012).
Ethical Issues and Considerations
Ethics is defined as “the branch of philosophy concerned with
the dynamics of decision-making between what is right and
wrong” (Fouka and Mantzorou, 2011). Research ethics aims to
protect individuals’ right to privacy, confidentiality and dignity,
while avoiding any harm (Bresler, 1994). Armiger (1997)
outlined that participants must be fully informed and voluntarily
give their consent (Armiger, 1977). Burns and Grove (2005)
stated that requesting intimate details of individuals’ lives could
create discomfort. Researchers should aim to minimize the
potential harm and ensure that the benefits outweigh the risks of
the study (Burns and Grove, 2005).
Research data must uphold requirements of confidentially
throughout the storage, analysis and publication stages, as
investors will be volunteering sensitive information.
32. Transparency is a key factor when conducting research to avoid
falsification of facts and deceptive practices (Glesne, 2015).
The interpersonal relationship between participants and
researchers can also create ethical concerns and controversies
(Eide and Kahn, 2008). Researcher’s behavior must demonstrate
concern for participants’ privacy and dignity at all times (Social
Research Association 2003). Participants also have the right to
withdraw from the study at any time and withdraw any data they
have provided (McLeod, 2015). An ethical clearance form
should be filled, ensuring that no vulnerable groups are targeted
and people over 18 are interviewed.
In relation to Indian investors, the ethical factors must be fully
reviewed to ensure both researchers and participants adhere to
the standards of respect, non-maleficence and justice, as
required by the study (Aluwihare-Samaranayake, 2012).
Structure
Work Stage
Start Date
Duration
End Date
Introduction and research question
06-01-19
7
12-01-19
The topic aims and objectives
13-01-19
14
26-01-19
33. Literature research and readings
27-01-19
14
09-02-19
Preparing literature review draft
10-02-19
7
16-02-19
Collection of data
17-02-19
14
02-03-19
Further literature reading
03-03-19
7
09-03-19
Data Analysis Techniques
10-03-19
14
23-03-19
Collection and analysis of data
24-03-19
5
28-03-19
Ethical Issues
29-03-19
5
2-04-19
Final Edits
3-04-19
1
4-04-19
34. Chapter 1 introduces the subject matter, demonetization and its
effect on middle class Indian investors. It presents the research
question, aim and objectives, and outlines the research gap to be
filled through the study. Chapter 2 analyses historical data on
implementation of demonetization in the past, across the globe.
Literature review is conducted through reviewing journal
articles, newspaper articles and academic sources. Chapter 3
used various research methodologies to demonstrate the nature
of the study. It comprises of collection and analysis of data.
Chapter 4 was concerned with interpretation of the results
gathered from the research methods applied. Chapter 5 poses as
a conclusion, providing recommendations and suggestions to the
investors, regarding investment strategies. The study will end
with relevant references to authenticate the work of the
researcher and provide evidence to readers.
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10