This document discusses four vulnerable populations - the poor, homeless, pregnant teens, and mentally ill. It covers definitions and causes of poverty and homelessness, health impacts, and challenges accessing care. For pregnant teens, it examines trends and special needs. Mental illness prevalence and deinstitutionalization are also addressed. The role of nurses is to create trusting environments, coordinate services in a non-judgmental manner, and advocate for accessible prevention-focused care through primary, secondary and tertiary approaches.