HIV can lead to AIDS if not properly managed, with no cure currently available. Over 1 million people in the US live with HIV, though many are unaware of their infection status. HIV spreads through contact with bodily fluids and is most common among gay/bisexual men. Consistent condom use and getting tested regularly can help reduce risk of transmission. While treatment can suppress HIV and reduce risk of passing it to others, abstinence and limiting partners are the most effective prevention methods.

1. Wrap it up
By: Lesly Polynice
HIV Prevention

2. What Is HIV?
• HIV is an acronym for Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
• It can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)
• It can destroy many cells, causing the body to be incapable of fighting of
infections.
• There is no cure, but can be controlled with proper medications.
• It can be spread easily.
(Aids.gov)

3. Statistics
• More than 1.2 million people in the United States are living with HIV infection,
• Almost 1 in 8 (12.8%) of HIV positive people are unaware of their infection.
• Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) of all races and
ethnicities remain the population most profoundly affected by HIV(CDC, 2015)
• In 2011, 1.7 million people died from AIDS-related causes (NIH, 2015)
• Each year, 50,000 people in the United States become infected with HIV (NIH, 2015)

4. How Can You Get HIV?
• HIV can be spread through being in contact in any manner with someone
who has the virus. It can be spread through bodily fluids.
• Examples would be:
• Semen
• Blood
• Breast Milk
• Vaginal and Rectal Fluids
• Pre-Seminal Fluids
• It is only possible if these fluids come in contact with a mucous membrane
or damaged tissue or are directly injected into the bloodstream
• (Aids.gov)

5. Risk Factors
• Engage in unprotected sex
• Multiple Sexual Partners
• Have another STI : can cause open sores in the genitals, doorway for HIV
• Use Intravenous Drugs: Sharing needles and syringes
• Bisexual Men : In 2013, gay and bisexual men accounted for 55% of the estimated
number of persons diagnosed with AIDS among all adults and adolescents in the
United States ( CDC, 2015).

6. Risk Factors
CDC Image

7. Prevention
• Stay abstinent
• Wrap it up ( Condoms)
• Talk to your doctor about pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
• Get tested and treated for all STIs
• Get yourself tested as well as your partner
• take HIV medicine daily to prevent HIV infection
• Prep is an HIV prevention option for people who don’t have
HIV but are at high risk of becoming infected with HIV. PrEP
should always be combined with other prevention options, such
as condoms.

8. How To Reduce My Risk Of HIV (CONTINUED)
• Reduce the number of sexual partners
• The more sex partners = higher HIV risk
• In the case of your partner being HIV-positive,
encourage your partner to get and stay on treatment.
• Having an STD increases your risk of becoming
infected with HIV ( NIH,2015)

9. Oral Sex
• Myth: You can not get HIV from oral sex.
• The reality is HIV can also be transmitted through receiving and giving oral
sex.
• HIV can be transmitted through Oral sex if there is an open ulcer, cuts,
semen, genital sores, etc. (CDC,2015)

10. Anal Sex
• Inserting the penis or other objects in the partner’s anus.
• Anal sex is the HIGHEST risk in receiving HIV transmission.
• In 2013, gay and bisexual men accounted for 55% of the estimated number of
persons diagnosed with AIDS among all adults and adolescents in the US.
• Applicable to both Homosexual and Heterosexual
• If your partner is HIV-positive, encourage your partner to get and stay on
treatment. ART reduces the amount of HIV virus in blood and body fluids
(CDC, 2015).
• Prevention: Use condoms consistently and correctly.

11. Symptoms of HIV?
• Symptoms of HIV include:
• Fever
• Headache
• Muscle/Joint Pains
• Rash
• Sore Throat
• Fatigue
• These symptoms can usually last more than a few days to weeks.
• Most people experience flu like symptoms, but it is acute retroviral
syndrome (ARS). It’s the body’s natural response to the HIV infection.
(Aids.gov)

12. Living with HIV
• Though there is not a cure for HIV, taking ART (the HIV
treatment) reduces the amount of virus (viral load) in your blood
and body fluids. ART can keep you healthy for many years
• Your partners’ chance of exposure to HIV is lower if you are
taking ART consistently and correctly
• Visit your health care provider regularly and always take your
medicine as directed.
• Talk to your partner(s) about post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) if
you think they have had a possible exposure to HIV.
(CDC,2015)

13. Women and Pregnancy
• Pregnant women with HIV should take HIV medicines to reduce
the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and to protect
their own health.
• HIV medicine also passes from a pregnant woman to her baby
across the placenta
• This transfer of HIV medicine prevents mother-to-child
transmission of HIV, especially near delivery when a baby is
most exposed to any HIV in the mother's blood and other fluids.
(NIH,2015)

14. References
AIDSInfo.(2015,December3).RetrievedfromAidsinfo.gov:https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/education-
materials/fact-sheets/20/48/the-basics-of-hiv-prevention
CDC.(2015,January15).RetrievedfromCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention:
http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/prevention.html
NIH.(2015,December1).RetrievedfromNationalInstituteofHealth:
https://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/hivaids/Pages/Default.aspx
Mayo Clinic. (2015, 01 12). Retrieved 12 08, 2015, from Mayo Clinic:
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hiv-aids/basics/risk-factors/con-
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