Hitler Consolidation of Power
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Hitler consolidated power in Germany between 1933-1934 through a series of laws and actions: 1) After being appointed Chancellor, Hitler used the Reichstag fire to pass emergency decrees suspending civil liberties. The Nazis then intimidated opponents to win 44% of the vote in March 1933 elections. 2) The Enabling Act in March 1933 gave Hitler dictatorial powers by passing laws without presidential approval. It effectively made Hitler dictator. 3) Laws purged Jews and opponents from the civil service and banned non-Nazi parties, creating a one-party state. The SA was also eliminated in the Night of the Long Knives. 4) When Hindenburg died, Hitler combined the roles of Chancellor
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I use my own material and material from colleagues who have presented their work also on internet.
I claim nothing. This is merely educational fair use.
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"the fair use of a copyrighted work (...) for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright"
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The document summarizes the rise of the Nazi party in Germany from 1919 to 1933. It describes how the Nazi party was founded and grew in the unstable political climate after World War 1. It discusses key events like the Beer Hall Putsch and Hitler's imprisonment. It then analyzes how the Nazis were able to take power in 1933 amid the economic crisis, gaining support and manipulating elections. The Reichstag fire and Enabling Act are cited as important steps to consolidating Nazi control over Germany.
Who is hitler
This lesson will be an introduction to the start and cause of the Second World War. We plan on exemplifying what the atmosphere was in Germany before the Second World War, and why it helped build the tension between the World Powers.
Steps Leading to the Final Solution
- Von Papen agreed to become vice-chancellor to Hitler and the rising Nazi party in 1932, believing he could control Hitler, but Hitler's thirst for power grew rapidly.
- After the Reichstag fire in 1933 and the Enabling Act passing in March 1933, Hitler seized total dictatorial power and suspended citizens' basic rights, allowing arbitrary arrests and imprisonment without trial.
- The Nazi regime quickly implemented the first instances of discrimination and exclusion of Jews from society through the boycott of Jewish stores and dismissal of Jewish workers from their jobs in April 1933. This marked the beginning of over 400 anti-Jewish laws that systematically stripped Jews of their rights and livelihoods in Germany.
IGCSE REVISION - GERMANY: HITLER COMES TO POWER
Once in power as Chancellor, Hitler took several steps to consolidate his control over Germany. He declared the Communist Party illegal, passed an Enabling Act allowing him to rule without parliament, and outlawed all other parties, placing himself in full control. To eliminate remaining opposition, Hitler carried out the Night of the Long Knives purge in 1934, killing hundreds including Ernst Rohm. When Hindenburg died, Hitler combined the roles of Chancellor and President to become the absolute dictator of Germany.
GCSE SHP Germany - Reichstag Fire
The document provides background information on how Hitler overcame problems and consolidated power when he became Chancellor of Germany in 1933. It discusses the problems Hitler faced with Hindenburg, the SA, and opposition in the Reichstag. It then explains how the Reichstag fire allowed Hitler to [1] pass the Emergency Decree granting him new powers, [2] influence the March 1933 election to increase Nazi seats, and [3] ban the Communist party. With the Nazis now controlling over half the Reichstag, Hitler was able to establish complete political control in Germany.
Nazi government
The document provides information about the organization of the Nazi government in Germany from 1933 to 1945. It describes how Adolf Hitler became Chancellor in 1933 and maintained control until his death in 1945. It outlines Hitler's key roles and appointments, including becoming Fuhrer in 1934 which granted him absolute power. It details some of the main positions in the Nazi government, held by figures like Heinrich Himmler as Reichsfuhrer of the SS, Joseph Goebbels as Minister of Propaganda, and Hermann Goering as leader of the Nazi party. It also notes how Hitler held manipulated elections and referendums to suggest public support while abolishing state governments.
Hitler’s aims and aspirations
1. Hitler used the position of Chancellor to achieve total dictatorship in Germany by 1934. He eliminated political rivals and consolidated power.
2. Historians debate whether Hitler had a clear long-term plan or opportunistically responded to events to maintain power. Some argue he always intended to start a war and exterminate Jews, while others believe he had no master plan.
3. After becoming Chancellor, Hitler quickly established total Nazi control over Germany by outlawing other parties, arresting opponents, and gaining emergency powers through the Enabling Act, allowing him to rule by decree. He created a complex administration with overlapping powers and responsibilities.
The Reichstag Fire
The Reichstag fire occurred one week before elections in Germany in 1933. The Reichstag building was burned to the ground by unknown arsonists. Hitler used this event to claim that communists were attempting to overthrow the government. He passed the Reichstag Fire Decree granting himself emergency powers, including arresting political opponents. This consolidated Nazi power and helped Hitler gain a greater mandate in the next election.
Hitler and Nazi Germany - the nazi government
Adolf Hitler took power in Germany in 1933 and established a totalitarian Nazi government, consolidating his control over time. He appointed key leaders to head major aspects of government, including Heinrich Himmler to oversee the SS and concentration camps, Joseph Goebbels as Minister of Propaganda, and Hermann Goering to head the secret police and air force. By 1936, Hitler had centralized power and aimed to prepare Germany for war within four years under the Office of the Four Year Plan. He abolished state governments, instead appointing his own regional governors to impose his rules across Germany.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: HITLER AND THE CONSOLIDATION OF POWER 1933-1934
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: HITLER AND THE CONSOLIDATION OF POWER 1933-1934. It contains: overview, Reichstag fire, general elections, enabling act, Gestapo, abolishing trading unions, the concordat, banning political parties, people's courts, night of the long knives, fuhrer, the events, Nazi government, Hitler and the army, homework.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: POLICIES TOWARDS MINORITIES, OPPOSITION AND JEWS
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: POLICIES TOWARDS MINORITIES, OPPOSITION AND JEWS. Contains: the racial policy of Nazi Germany, the anti-Jews laws, the law for the protection of German blood and honour, the Reich citizenship law, persecution of German Jews, Romany minority.
The Road To World War II
From 1929 to 1939, Hitler and the Nazi party rose to power in Germany by taking advantage of the economic turmoil following WWI and the Great Depression. They gained popularity by promoting German nationalism and blaming Jews and others for their problems. Over this period, the Nazis gained political seats, opened their headquarters, hosted nationalist meetings, and had Hitler appointed as Chancellor in 1933. Once in power, Hitler eliminated opposition, passed racist laws, and violated the Treaty of Versailles by militarizing Germany. By 1939, Jews had lost all rights and the persecution and murder of Jews and others had begun as Hitler invaded countries to expand Nazi control.
Similar to Hitler Consolidation of Power (20)
Consolidation of Nazi Power - Reichstag's fire, February decrees, Enabling Act
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CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: HITLER AND THE CONSOLIDATION OF POWER 1933-1934
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: HITLER AND THE CONSOLIDATION OF POWER 1933-1934
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: POLICIES TOWARDS MINORITIES, OPPOSITION AND JEWS
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: POLICIES TOWARDS MINORITIES, OPPOSITION AND JEWS
Hitler Consolidation of Power
- 1. Hitler’s consolidation of power Chronology of events 1933-34
- 2. Hitler appointed Chancellor 30 Jan • Only 3 Nazis (Hitler, Goering, Frick) in the cabinet, with Papen as Vice Chancellor. • President Hindenburg agrees to dissolve the Reichstag and hold new elections.
- 3. Reichstag building destroyed by fire. • Probably committed by Dutch Communist Lubbe acting alone • Used by Nazis to show Communist threat.
- 4. Emergency Decrees • Feb 28 Decree of the Reich President for the Protection of the Nation and the State • issued by Hindenburg using Article 48 • suspended constitutional civil rights • secret police could hold people indefinitely in protective custody
- 5. Emergency Decrees -contd • imprisonment without trial • used to repress KPD • central government could take over local states not keeping order • remained throughout 3rd Reich; amounted to basic law of 3rd Reich
- 6. Elections March 5th 1933 • Reichstag dissolved 1 Feb. • Government used control of radio, police, along with unofficial pressure, to intimidate opponents in election. • Highest ever turnout at 88.8% Nazis attracted many new voters Election slogan “The battle against Marxism." • Nazis surprisingly only got 44% of the vote; their Nationalist allies got 8%.
- 7. March 13th - Control of media • Goebbels appointed head of new Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda. • Rapidly took control of Radio and Press
- 8. March 24th Enabling Act ("Law for Terminating the Suffering of the People and Nation”) • Passed by Reichstag relocated to Opera House after fire; surrounded by SA/SS • emergency powers for 4 years • Cabinet (in effect, Hitler) could pass decrees without the President's involvement
- 9. Enabling Act contd. • Enabling Act needed 213 majority as constitutional amendment • passed by 441 vs 94 (only SPD voted against; KPD banned); Centre supported it after Hitler made promises • Act renewed 1938 • became virtual constitution of Third Reich
- 10. Law for Restoration of Professional Civil Service • administration, courts, education purged of "alien elements", ie Jews, opponents • only 5% actually replaced • extended to all public service; thousands of Jews removed
- 11. May 1 Government granted workers May Day holiday • Turned international labour day into "Day of National Labour". • May 2. Trade union offices seized; all unions incorporated into new German Labour Front (DAF)
- 12. June - Employment Law • Major public works.
- 13. July 14th Law against the Formation of New Parties • KPD, SPD were already banned • other parties had dissolved themselves • now no new parties allowed, • Germany became a one party state
- 14. July 20th Concordat • Agreement between state and Vatican • Church banned political activity; • Government protected religious freedom
- 15. Law for the Reconstruction of the State January 1934 • Since March many state governments had been forced out by SA violence. • Law used to allow the Reich government to appoint Commissioners. The situation was now formalised by a law which – dissolved state assemblies – created new Reich Governors to control states
- 16. Night of the Long Knives June 1934 • SS shot many SA leaders and other people seen as threat
- 17. Hitler as dictator • Hindenburg dies July 1934 • Hitler amalgamated position of Chancellor and president to become Fuhrer • Army tolerated Hitler’s action and armed forces swore Oath of allegiance to Hitler August 1934