- Lockheed Missiles & Space originally got into healthcare IT in the late 1960s after their space program declined, looking for new projects for their engineers. They partnered with a large healthcare company to build one of the first "Medical Information Systems" (MIS) on mainframes. - Some key innovations of MIS included "matrix coding" which allowed users to customize screens, and using video matrix terminals with light pens for data entry before mice were popularized. - Over decades, MIS was sold and renamed multiple times as it changed hands between companies like Technicon, Revlon, Alltel, and Eclipsys, before ultimately being acquired by Allscripts. However, many other early mainframe clinical systems failed