Historical development of buddhist sects in india

1. Historical Development of
Buddhist Sects in India.

2. Scholarly accept that the First Buddhist Council is the main incident for
separating order into various parts. But various signs have occurred in the
living period of Buddha.
Words of Subaddha

3. What happened in living time of the Buddha.
 Different classification and meaning for words of Buddha.
 New meaning due to lack of communication.
 Questioning about Vinaya and Dhamma.
 New sects under supervision of headed monks
Solved some problem by Buddha but not fully.

4. Following Pariyatti rathere than Patipatti.
1. Handing over the dhamma to generation; Upali (Vinaya Pitka), Ananda (Dhiga Nikaya),
Sariputta (Maghima Nikaya), Kasyapa(Sanyutta Nikaya) and Anurddha (Anguttara Nikaya)
2. Elder monks Purana and Govampati didn’t accepted the 1st council.
3. Head monks and others preferred to Study Dhamma and Vinaya (Pariyapti) rather than
Practice the philosophy)
4. At the beginning used to cram and later write own ideas and classification.
5. Adding new part ; Khuddaka Nikaya
6. Parinibbana Sutta menation about behaviors between Rahat and ordinary people when
Buddha demised.
7. Ordinary people wanted see respect and worship Buddha even though he was passed
away.
8. Not only monk lay person, some monk also used to pray Buddha.
9. Faith was developed rather than pious.
10. Ideology of erudite or senior monks.
11. Minor collection of Dhamma.

5.  The Second Council was called one hundred years after the Buddha's
Pari nibbānain order to settle a serious dispute over the 'ten points.' This is a
reference to some monks breaking of ten minor rules.
 Royal patronage by King Kalasoka
 Headed by monk Yasa at Valukaramaya.
 8 months and 700 monks
 Reason : Unvinayatic rules of Vajjiputtaka.
 Regent of Mahadeva; These five points were essentially regarding doctrines of
the fallibility and imperfection of arhans.

6.  Singilona Kappa : the practice of carrying salt in a horn for use when need.
 Dvangula kappa : the practice of taking food after midday when the shadow is
two digits wide
 Gamantara Kappa : the practice of going to a neighboring village and taking a
second meals there the same day.
 Avasa Kappa : the practice of observance of uposata in different places within the
same parish (Sima)
 Anumati kappa : the practice of performing an ecclesiastical act and obtaining its
sanction afterwards.
 Acinna Kappa : the practice of using precedents as authority
 Amathita kappa : the practice of drinking milk – they after meal
 Jalogika kappa : the practice of drinking palm-juice, which is fermenting but is not
yet today.
 Adasaka nisidana Kappa : the practice of using a borderless sheet.
 Jataruarajata kappa : the practice of accepting gold and silver
Ten Unvinayatice Rules

7. 1st Separation
The first separation of order occurred after the second council; which is
accepted by both tradition, Thervada and Mahasangika

8. 1. Historical sources
2. At the first one group separated from Theravada, which was Mahasanghika.
3. Mahasanghika sect divided into 09 parts.
4. Theravada sect divided into 11 parts.
Buddhist Sects

9. Mahasanghika
Ekavyavaharika
Lokottaravada
Kaukutika
Bahusratiya
Prannaptivadi
Caitika
Aparashaila
Uttara
 Worshiping and venerating Buddha
 Attain arhantship is not a final task
(Mahadeva)
 Mahasangika didn’t accept
Abhidhamma.
 Kautika : Abhidhamma is the most
important part.

10. Theravada
Sarvastivadi
Vatsiputra
Dharmottariya
Bhadrayaniya
Sammitiya
Sannagarika
MahishasakaVatsiputra
Dharmaguptika
Kashyapiya

11.  No personal problems only doctrinal criticism.
 Contribution of various sects and evolution Dhamma.
 Enthusiastic dhamma discussion
 Main effort was giving correct meaning for doctrine.
 All sects referred 4 Nikayas.