its about the history

1. HISTORICAL THEORY

2. Historical theory is a coherent yet flexible
framework which supports the analysis of
historical knowledge, and assists our
understanding of what kind of knowledge we
can have of the past, and precisely how that
knowledge is constructed, assembled, and
presented.

3. WHYHISTORY AND THEORY?

4. Why History?
History is the study of the past – specifically the people,
societies, events and problems of the past – as well as our
attempts to understand them. It is a pursuit common to all
human societies. a story of real or imaginary events. a written
record of important events and their causes. a branch of
knowledge that records and explains past events. events that
form the topics of a history.

5. Why Theory?
A theory is a carefully thought-out
explanation for observations of the natural
world that has been constructed using the
scientific method, and which brings together
many facts and hypotheses.

6. WHAT IS HISTORY?
AND THE THEORIES OF HISTORY
concepts

7. History
from Greek, historia, meaning "inquiry, knowledge
acquired by investigation"
History covers the totality of past human actions and
the narrative or account we construct them now.
These definitions open up two possible fields for
philosopy of history.

8. Critical philosophy
Critical philosophy of history is the "theory" aspect of the
discipline of academic history, and deals
with questions such as….
what sort of a thing is history and how does it relate to other
studies?
What is the nature of historical knowledge?
Truth and fact in history.
Historical objectivity.
History and science/etc.

9. . Speculative philosophy of history
Speculative philosophy of history is an area of
philosophy concerning the eventual significance, if any,
of human history. Furthermore, it speculates as to a
possible teleological end to its development—that is, it
asks if there is a design, purpose, directive principle, or
finality in the processes of human history.

10. Philosophy of history
or historiosophy is an area of philosophy concerning the eventual
significance of human history. It examines the origin, goal, pattern,
unit, determining factors for the process, and the overall nature of
history. Furthermore, it speculates as to a possible teleological end
to its development—that is, it asks if there is a design, purpose,
directive principle, or finality in the processes of human history.
A philosophy of history begins with a few basic assumptions.

11. First, it determines what is the proper unit for the
study of the human past, whether it is the
individual subject, polis ("city"), sovereign
territory, a civilization, culture, or the whole of the
human species. It then inquires whether there are
any broad patterns that can be discerned through a
study of history, what factors, if any, determine the
course of history, and the goal, destination, and
driving force of history.

12. Are there, for example, patterns of progress? Or cycles? Is history
deterministic? Or are there no patterns or cycles, and is human
history regulated by irregularity?
1. Cyclical: Many ancient cultures held a mytical conception of
history and time that was not linear. Such societies saw history as
cyclical. This approach history holds to the belief of cyclical notion
of time—which meant that the passing of time is circular. There is
an inevitable cycle of endless historical recurrence (not linearity)
civilizations rise and fall, each new one rising to a greater level.

13. 2. Linear: Linear History implies already the acceptance or
subscription to linear time. It entails a history that is
progressive, moving forward and not having a cyclical
return.
3. Great Man: The ‘Great Man’ theory suggests
that dominant personalities determine the
course of history.

14. 4. everyman: The ‘everyman’ view of history is one which sees history as
being a record of the collective experience of the ordinary person.
5. Ideas: This view of history is one in which the driving force in history is
people’s ideas.
6. Economic: The economic theory of history sees economic factors as the
most important determinant of history.
7. Other theories: Some historians suggest that history is the result of
geography, some wars determine, some religion, some race…..