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Muhammad Waqar Azhar, Pedro Trancoso
Chalmers University of Technology
20. June 2022
Co-design of DL Accelerators in
VEDLIoT
2
Which one is the best?
Which one is the best for me?
DL Accelerators
3
DL Acceleration
Hardware Software
CPU GPU
TPU
NPU FPGA
Models
Quantization Pruning
4
DL Accelerator Co-Design
Design for…
Map to…
Software
Hardware
5
DL Accelerator Co-Design
Design for…
Map to…
Software
Hardware
6
DL Accelerator Co-Design
Design for…
Map to…
Software
Hardware
7
DL Accelerator Co-Design
Design for…
Map to…
Software
Hardware
8
▪ Model case-study: MobileNet
▪ Observation: generic HW not efficient
▪ Challenge: Depthwise convolution
Co-Design Example - Motivation
● Heterogeneity at different levels:
○ Model layers of different type (e.g. depthwise and pointwise convolution)
○ Within same layer type (e.g. activation and filter sizes and shapes)
○ Determines: buffer sizes, reuse, parallelism
Layer-specific hardware to capture heterogeneity!
9
Co-Design Example: Open Questions & Approaches
Approach A:
one-HW-for-all
DOG
Approach B:
one-HW-per-layer-type
Approach C:
one-HW-per-layer
+ Runs any model
- Suboptimal efficiency
+ Matches layer types
- Suboptimal utilization
+ Best efficiency
- Resource-hungry
10
Co-Design Example: Open Questions & Approaches
Approach A:
one-HW-for-all
DOG
Approach B:
one-HW-per-layer-type
Approach C:
one-HW-per-layer
TVM-VTA
PYNQ-Z2
Unique Kernels
ZCU102
Xilinx FINN
ZCU102
• MobileNet requires aggressive
quantization (4b)
• Performance: 35 GOPS and 68
GOPS using MobileNetsV1 1x
and 0.5x
• Su, Jiang, et al. "Redundancy-
reduced mobilenet acceleration on
reconfigurable logic for imagenet
classification."
• Performance: approx 90 GOPS
• Resnet34
• Performance: approx 8 GOPS
• (DPU performance > 20 GOPS)
11
Proposed Solution
Co-design:
▪ Approach B:
▪ Mapping is good but throughput is below threshold…
▪ Approach C:
▪ FINN requires large HW to support original model -> more aggressive quantization
▪ Quantized model fits in HW but accuracy is below threshold…
?
B + C
12
▪ Current situation:
▪ Zoo of DNN models
▪ Zoo of HW accelerators
▪ Heterogeneity in the model -> Heterogeneity in the hardware
The need for Co-Design!
Co-Design with both generic and layer-specific HW modules
Conclusions
13
Thank you for your attention.

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HiPEAC2022-DL4IoT workshop_ Muhammad Waqar Azhar

  • 1. Muhammad Waqar Azhar, Pedro Trancoso Chalmers University of Technology 20. June 2022 Co-design of DL Accelerators in VEDLIoT
  • 2. 2 Which one is the best? Which one is the best for me? DL Accelerators
  • 3. 3 DL Acceleration Hardware Software CPU GPU TPU NPU FPGA Models Quantization Pruning
  • 4. 4 DL Accelerator Co-Design Design for… Map to… Software Hardware
  • 5. 5 DL Accelerator Co-Design Design for… Map to… Software Hardware
  • 6. 6 DL Accelerator Co-Design Design for… Map to… Software Hardware
  • 7. 7 DL Accelerator Co-Design Design for… Map to… Software Hardware
  • 8. 8 ▪ Model case-study: MobileNet ▪ Observation: generic HW not efficient ▪ Challenge: Depthwise convolution Co-Design Example - Motivation ● Heterogeneity at different levels: ○ Model layers of different type (e.g. depthwise and pointwise convolution) ○ Within same layer type (e.g. activation and filter sizes and shapes) ○ Determines: buffer sizes, reuse, parallelism Layer-specific hardware to capture heterogeneity!
  • 9. 9 Co-Design Example: Open Questions & Approaches Approach A: one-HW-for-all DOG Approach B: one-HW-per-layer-type Approach C: one-HW-per-layer + Runs any model - Suboptimal efficiency + Matches layer types - Suboptimal utilization + Best efficiency - Resource-hungry
  • 10. 10 Co-Design Example: Open Questions & Approaches Approach A: one-HW-for-all DOG Approach B: one-HW-per-layer-type Approach C: one-HW-per-layer TVM-VTA PYNQ-Z2 Unique Kernels ZCU102 Xilinx FINN ZCU102 • MobileNet requires aggressive quantization (4b) • Performance: 35 GOPS and 68 GOPS using MobileNetsV1 1x and 0.5x • Su, Jiang, et al. "Redundancy- reduced mobilenet acceleration on reconfigurable logic for imagenet classification." • Performance: approx 90 GOPS • Resnet34 • Performance: approx 8 GOPS • (DPU performance > 20 GOPS)
  • 11. 11 Proposed Solution Co-design: ▪ Approach B: ▪ Mapping is good but throughput is below threshold… ▪ Approach C: ▪ FINN requires large HW to support original model -> more aggressive quantization ▪ Quantized model fits in HW but accuracy is below threshold… ? B + C
  • 12. 12 ▪ Current situation: ▪ Zoo of DNN models ▪ Zoo of HW accelerators ▪ Heterogeneity in the model -> Heterogeneity in the hardware The need for Co-Design! Co-Design with both generic and layer-specific HW modules Conclusions
  • 13. 13 Thank you for your attention.