3. Consequences
• Ended feudal anarchy
• Strong & efficient govt.
• Support of people
• Many noble houses wiped out
• Trade & commerce – unprecedented devlpt.
• Rising middle class
• Cloth industry imp.
• Peaceful reign – flow of money
4. Henry’s claim
• Henry’s claim to the throne of England:
– Conquered by defeating Richard III
– Choice of the people
– Blessings of the Pope
– Blood claim to throne
– Natural abilities as soldier, statesman, politician
5. Rebellions
• Pretenders to the throne:
–Lambert Simnel as Earl of Warwick
–Perkin Warbeck as 2nd son of Edward IV
6. CHANGES
• End of feudal system
• Middle class given imp. Govt. positions
• Archbishop Morton not an aristocrat
• Henry’s trusted lieutenants – lawyers Empson
& Dudley – commoners
• Trade & business thrived
• Middle class loyal to the king and gave him
money
7. Law & Order
• Earlier laws put into force
• Court of the Star Chamber – keep barons in
order
• Livery & Maintenance Law:
– No prvt. Army with spl. Uniform/ livery
• Those who disobeyed laws, severely punished
• Royal treasury full without Parliament help
8. Commercial Power
•Encouraged trade & industry
•Developed cloth making & shipping
•Navigation Act, 1485:
•Good only by English ships manned by English, Irish/
Welsh soldiers
•Commercial treaties with European countries which opened
trade with Mediterranean – spices trade
•Foundation stone – Britain as a colonial power
•Ships built for trade & war manned by seamen who were
capable soldiers -> Build up English Merchant Navy
9. Cloth Industry
•Wool: more agricultural land converted for
sheep farming
•Created unemployment but king’s reputation
as despot prevented murmurs
•Free market for English cloth at Flanders
•Laws passed to enourage home industry &
check foreign competition
10. Maintenance of Peace
•Welsh: Henry of Welsh stock
•Scots: marriage btwn. James IV of Scotland & his
daughter Margaret
•Ireland: Irish laws vaild only if approved by English
king
•King – no ambition to battle abroad
•Exception: free Duchy of Brittany – attacked Charles
VIII of France – bought of by the king
11. Princess Catherine
• Eldest son Prince Arthur married Princess Catherine
of Aragon, Spain
•Sickly Arthur died 5 months later
•Henry VII reluctant to give back her dowry and the
princess
•Got dispensation from the Pope setting aside the
marriage and got 2nd son Henry married to Catherine
