Hemp Disease and Their Mgmt Spring 2020
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Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is susceptible to a range of diseases, and yield losses range from 10% to 100%. This updated overview of hemp disease in Kentucky provides some of the most common and the most destructive diseases on field and greenhouse hemp.
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Hemp Disease and Their Mgmt Spring 2020
- 1. Hemp Disease in Kentucky: Grasping the Reality of Yield Loss Nicole W Gauthier Assoc Professor of Extension University of Kentucky, Dept of Plant Pathology
- 2. Hemp in KY Hemp cultivation in Kentucky • 2014- 32 acres planted • 2019- approx. 25,000 acres planted, 92% CBD Cultivar origin • Europe, Canada, Asia Breeders • THC industry • Recent introductions • Non-certified
- 4. What’s out there? • Plant Disease Diagnostic Lab – grower sample submissions • Field Visits – agents and specialists • Field Visits – graduate student
- 5. Confirmed Reports of Diseases of Kentucky Hemp • Anthracnose • Botrytis Gray Mold • Botrytis Canker • Cercospora Leaf Spot • Corynespora Leaf Spot • Downy Mildew • Fusarium Foot & Root Rot • Fusarium Head Blight • Fusarium Wilt • Hemp Leaf Spot (Bipolaris Leaf Spot • Powdery Mildew • Pythium Root Rot • Rhizoctonia Damping Off • Rhizoctonia Web Blight • Rhizoctonia Stem & Root Rot • Septoria Leaf Spot • Southern Blight • White Mold, Sclerotinia Rot
- 7. Greenhouse Disease vs Field Disease
- 9. Primary Greenhouse Diseases • Powdery Mildew • Botrytis Canker • Pythium Root Rot • Downy Mildew Golovinomyces spadiceus Not Sphaerotheca macularis or S. humuli, as reported
- 10. Primary Greenhouse Diseases • Powdery Mildew • Botrytis Canker • Botrytis Tip Blight • Pythium Root Rot • Pythium Damping Off • Downy Mildew B. cinerea
- 11. Primary Greenhouse Diseases • Powdery Mildew • Botrytis Canker • Botrytis Tip Blight • Pythium Root Rot • Pythium Damping Off • Downy Mildew B. cinerea
- 12. Primary Greenhouse Diseases • Powdery Mildew • Botrytis Canker • Botrytis Tip Blight • Pythium Root Rot • Pythium Damping Off • Downy Mildew P. myriotylum P. ultimum var ultimum
- 14. New and inexperienced growers Fertility – deficiencies and toxicities Irrigation – overwatering Too Late: Unidentified Pathogens • Secondary • Saprophytic Abiotic Maladies
- 15. Field Diseases
- 16. Primary Field Diseases Leaf Spots • Anthracnose Leaf Spot • Cercospora Leaf Spot • Hemp Leaf Spot • Septoria Leaf Spot • Corynespora Leaf Spot Colletotrichum fioriniae Hosts: apple, blueberry, strawberry, celery, clover, dandelion, honeysuckle, poison ivy, wild grape
- 17. Primary Field Diseases Leaf Spots • Anthracnose Leaf Spot • Cercospora Leaf Spot • Hemp Leaf Spot • Septoria Leaf Spot • Corynespora Leaf Spot Cercospora flagellaris Hosts: soybean, aster, amaranth, cosmos, hydrangea, poplar, johnsongrass, citrus, water hyacinth
- 18. Primary Field Diseases Leaf Spots • Anthracnose Leaf Spot • Cercospora Leaf Spot • Hemp Leaf Spot (Bipolaris Leaf Spot) • Septoria Leaf Spot • Corynespora Leaf Spot Bipolaris gigantea Hosts: monocots
- 19. Primary Field Diseases Leaf Spots • Anthracnose Leaf Spot • Cercospora Leaf Spot • Hemp Leaf Spot • Septoria Leaf Spot • Corynespora Leaf Spot Bipolaris gigantea Hosts: monocots
- 20. Primary Field Diseases Leaf Spots • Anthracnose Leaf Spot • Cercospora Leaf Spot • Hemp Leaf Spot • Septoria Leaf Spot • Corynespora Leaf Spot Septoria species undetermined Groups near S. sigesbeckia Morphologically similar to S. neocannabina
- 21. Primary Field Diseases Blights and Molds • Botrytis Gray Mold • Fusarium Canker • Fusarium Head Blight • Fusarium Wilt • Rhizoctonia Aerial/Web Blight F. graminearum and F. solani complex
- 24. Primary Field Diseases Blights and Molds • Botrytis Gray Mold • Fusarium Head Blight • Fusarium Wilt • Rhizoctonia Aerial/Web Blight R. solani
- 25. Primary Field Diseases Root and Crown Rot • Fusarium Damping Off • Fusarium Crown Rot • Fusarium Wilt • Pythium Root Rot • Pythium Damping Off • Rhizoctonia Damping Off • Southern Blight • White Mold/Timber Rot S. rolfsii
- 26. Abiotic Maladies Experimental Crop New and inexperienced growers Unstable market • Poor Site • Poor Planting • Weak Stock • Weeds
- 28. Management
- 29. Managing Greenhouse Diseases • Sanitation • Transmission (footbath, cleaning) • Rouging • Environment • Relative Humidity • Soil Moisture • Air Circulation • Temperature – air & soil • Plant Vigor • Prevent Wounding • Soil and Tissue Analysis • Control Insects • Fungicides - biologicals • Powdery Mildew • Botrytis
- 30. Managing Field Diseases • Site Selection, Site Prep • Drainage (internal and surface) • Fertility • Weed Management • Sanitation • Rouging • Environment • Air Circulation • Plant Vigor • Healthy Stock Plants/Seeds • Prevent Wounding • Soil and Tissue Analysis • Control Insects • Timing
- 31. Risks for Yield Loss • Disease • Time of Infection • Pathogenicity • Environment/Weather • Plant Health, Resilience
- 33. Disease Confirmation • Photos and verbal descriptions are not confirmations • Start with your county agent • Agent determines whether a specialist is needed Plant Disease Diagnostic Lab – • Instate samples • $0 • Though your county Extension office • Transport rules apply
- 34. KYHempDisease.com Nicole Gauthier Associate Professor Extension Specialist Department of Plant Pathology University of Kentucky
Editor's Notes
- I am going to start by introducing hemp The 2014 Farm bill… distinction
- There are 3 types of hemp grown Fiber is grown in dense strands CBD is now legal (2018 farm bill), not Briefly introduce hemp cultivation and varieties, Greenhouse – no HLS. Hemp in the 1900 had high THC (4%) weed 24% Grain Fiber, CBD therapeutic potential, non psychoactive As new crop, lots of variation and exploration in cultivation methods – greenhouse, plastic culture, row crops Difficulties faced by growers – not always successful and often planted on subpar land