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HEBREWS
12 tribes of Israel
Worship of a single God, or tetragrammaton
YHWH.
Monotheistic Tribe
1800 bc- 1500 bc
Patriarchal Era
Father of Many Nations
 Abram
 Semite from the city of Ur
 Made covenant of with YHWH.
 Wife Sarai
 Changes name to Sara
 Son Isaac
 Maidservant Hagar
 Son Ishmael
 His name is changed to Abraham, to men a
father of many.
Abraham is commanded to sacrifice his son Isaac. At the last moment a ram is
sent as a offering to YHWH instead. But a symbol of Abraham’s commitment
to his covenant with YHWH.
Abraham’s sacrifice
Abraham, Sarah, Lot and their households traveled
south into Egypt. Where their numbers begin to
flourish.
Upon Return Abraham and Lot separate ways.
Canaan to Egypt
Isaac’s son Jacob name is changed to Israel “wrestling YHWH” after
wrestling with an angel.
Jacob becomes Israel.
12 Tribes of Israel
 Reuben
 Simeon
 Judah
 Issachar
 Zebulun
 Levi
 Religious tribe
 Maid Servant Ziplah
 Gad
 Asher
 Benjamin
 Joseph
 Ephraim
 Manasseh
 Maid servant Bilhah
 Dan
 Naphtali
Leah Rachel
Israelites head south to Egypt. Eventually they become enslaved by the
Egyptians until Moses in 1300 bc leads them back promised land.
Famine in Canaan
Israelites wander the desert for the next 40
years.
“Exodus”
Torah Based Holidays
Passover, a feast celebrating,
YHWH leading the Israelites
out of slavery in Egypt.
Shavuot, feast
of weeks,
celebrates
Moses’
receiving the
Torah
Sukkot, feast of
booth, celebrating
YHWH sheltering
the Israelites in
desert.
Rulers with judicial and military power, ruled for a short period of time.
Un-elected, Non-hereditary Leaders.
Period of Judges
Othniel Jair Eli
Zebadiah
Ehud Japhthat Samuel
Shamgar Ibzan Joel
Deborah Elon Abian
Gideon Abdon Kenaniah
Tola Samson Amariah
1399 bc. Judges being Ruling
1209 bc, the first extra-bibical evidence of
Israelites.
Merneptah Stele
High Holy Days
Jewish New Years Day.
Yom Kippur,
“Day of
Atonement”
1025 bc- 298 bc
United Monarchy
Israeli Kings
The first two
kings were
anointed
king by the
judge
Samuel.
 Saul
 Defeat of Ammonites
 Capital of Gibeah
 David
 Battle with Goliath, the Philistine
 Builds fortified city of Jerusalem
 Solomon
 Son of David
 Built first Temple
Divided Kingdom
 Capital Jerusalem
 Southern kingdom
 Rehoboam king
 Tribes
 Judah
 Benjamin
 Simeon
 Levi
 Capital Samaria
 Northern Kingdom
 Jeroboam ruler
 Tribes
 Zebulun Dan
 Issachar Manasseh
 Asher Ephraim
 Naphtali Reuben
 Gad Levi (some)
Judah Israel
Exile and Diaspora
 722 bc Assyrains, Shalmanesar and Sargon,
conquer Israel and the Jews are exiled
 612 bc- Nabopolassar of Babyloni destroys
Assyria
 587 bc- Nebuchadnezzar II siezes Jerusalem and
destroys temple
 586 bc- Babylonia conquers Judah: inhabitants
exiled to Babylonia
 Dispora 722:Israel 586: Judah
 539 bc- Babylonia falls to Persia
 537 bc- Cyrus allows Jews to return to homeland
 520-515 bc- Second Temple is built
Rabbi Holidays
Ta’anit Ester, fast of Esther.
Hanukkah, Festival
of lights.
Celebrates
Maccabees victory.
Tisha B’av,
dates of the
destruction of
the temple.
Ptolemy is made “King of Palestine” in 305 bc.
98 bc. Selecuid King Antiochus III oust Ptolemy V from Judah and
Samaria.
Hellenistic Rule
Changes
 Pharisees
 Strict observance of
the traditional and
written law
 Sadducess
 Acceptance of written
law only
 Essences
 Withdrew from outside
world
 Maccabees
 Revolt that ultimately
allowed Israelites a
small period of self
Rule
 Hasmoneans
conquered Peraea,
Madaba, Heshbon,
Gerasa, Pella
250 BC 166-163
63 BC- Pompey makes the region a client of Rome.
Roman Occupation
 6 ad- Augustine makes Judaea a Roman
Province
 66- 73- Jewish Revolts
 70 Romans occupy Jerusalem
 Titus Destroys the 2nd Temple
 131 Hadrian renames Jerusalem “Aelia
Capitolina”
 Jews are forbid access
 Syrian-Palestine province
After Destruction
Religious life
is centered
around
synagogue
worship
instead of
temple.
Written law
replaces the
animal
sacrificies.

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Hebrews

  • 2. Worship of a single God, or tetragrammaton YHWH. Monotheistic Tribe
  • 3. 1800 bc- 1500 bc Patriarchal Era
  • 4. Father of Many Nations  Abram  Semite from the city of Ur  Made covenant of with YHWH.  Wife Sarai  Changes name to Sara  Son Isaac  Maidservant Hagar  Son Ishmael  His name is changed to Abraham, to men a father of many.
  • 5. Abraham is commanded to sacrifice his son Isaac. At the last moment a ram is sent as a offering to YHWH instead. But a symbol of Abraham’s commitment to his covenant with YHWH. Abraham’s sacrifice
  • 6. Abraham, Sarah, Lot and their households traveled south into Egypt. Where their numbers begin to flourish. Upon Return Abraham and Lot separate ways. Canaan to Egypt
  • 7. Isaac’s son Jacob name is changed to Israel “wrestling YHWH” after wrestling with an angel. Jacob becomes Israel.
  • 8. 12 Tribes of Israel  Reuben  Simeon  Judah  Issachar  Zebulun  Levi  Religious tribe  Maid Servant Ziplah  Gad  Asher  Benjamin  Joseph  Ephraim  Manasseh  Maid servant Bilhah  Dan  Naphtali Leah Rachel
  • 9. Israelites head south to Egypt. Eventually they become enslaved by the Egyptians until Moses in 1300 bc leads them back promised land. Famine in Canaan
  • 10. Israelites wander the desert for the next 40 years. “Exodus”
  • 11. Torah Based Holidays Passover, a feast celebrating, YHWH leading the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt. Shavuot, feast of weeks, celebrates Moses’ receiving the Torah Sukkot, feast of booth, celebrating YHWH sheltering the Israelites in desert.
  • 12. Rulers with judicial and military power, ruled for a short period of time. Un-elected, Non-hereditary Leaders. Period of Judges
  • 13. Othniel Jair Eli Zebadiah Ehud Japhthat Samuel Shamgar Ibzan Joel Deborah Elon Abian Gideon Abdon Kenaniah Tola Samson Amariah 1399 bc. Judges being Ruling
  • 14. 1209 bc, the first extra-bibical evidence of Israelites. Merneptah Stele
  • 15. High Holy Days Jewish New Years Day. Yom Kippur, “Day of Atonement”
  • 16. 1025 bc- 298 bc United Monarchy
  • 17. Israeli Kings The first two kings were anointed king by the judge Samuel.  Saul  Defeat of Ammonites  Capital of Gibeah  David  Battle with Goliath, the Philistine  Builds fortified city of Jerusalem  Solomon  Son of David  Built first Temple
  • 18. Divided Kingdom  Capital Jerusalem  Southern kingdom  Rehoboam king  Tribes  Judah  Benjamin  Simeon  Levi  Capital Samaria  Northern Kingdom  Jeroboam ruler  Tribes  Zebulun Dan  Issachar Manasseh  Asher Ephraim  Naphtali Reuben  Gad Levi (some) Judah Israel
  • 19. Exile and Diaspora  722 bc Assyrains, Shalmanesar and Sargon, conquer Israel and the Jews are exiled  612 bc- Nabopolassar of Babyloni destroys Assyria  587 bc- Nebuchadnezzar II siezes Jerusalem and destroys temple  586 bc- Babylonia conquers Judah: inhabitants exiled to Babylonia  Dispora 722:Israel 586: Judah  539 bc- Babylonia falls to Persia  537 bc- Cyrus allows Jews to return to homeland  520-515 bc- Second Temple is built
  • 20. Rabbi Holidays Ta’anit Ester, fast of Esther. Hanukkah, Festival of lights. Celebrates Maccabees victory. Tisha B’av, dates of the destruction of the temple.
  • 21. Ptolemy is made “King of Palestine” in 305 bc. 98 bc. Selecuid King Antiochus III oust Ptolemy V from Judah and Samaria. Hellenistic Rule
  • 22. Changes  Pharisees  Strict observance of the traditional and written law  Sadducess  Acceptance of written law only  Essences  Withdrew from outside world  Maccabees  Revolt that ultimately allowed Israelites a small period of self Rule  Hasmoneans conquered Peraea, Madaba, Heshbon, Gerasa, Pella 250 BC 166-163
  • 23. 63 BC- Pompey makes the region a client of Rome. Roman Occupation
  • 24.  6 ad- Augustine makes Judaea a Roman Province  66- 73- Jewish Revolts  70 Romans occupy Jerusalem  Titus Destroys the 2nd Temple  131 Hadrian renames Jerusalem “Aelia Capitolina”  Jews are forbid access  Syrian-Palestine province
  • 25. After Destruction Religious life is centered around synagogue worship instead of temple. Written law replaces the animal sacrificies.