History of Israel part 4 - PRRM Bible Study Group

The Red Sea Crossing (Chap 14)

The Law (20:1-26)
“8 All the people answered together and said, “All that the Lord
has spoken we will do! And Moses brought back the words of
the people to the Lord.” (Exo 19:16-17)

1. Slavery in
Egypt (430 yrs)
2. Moses exile
in Midian
3. Moses returns
to Egypt to set
his people free
10
Plagues
4. Passover
5. Crossing
the Red Sea
7. The
Tabernacle
6. The Law
(Mt. Horeb)
600,000 men
excl women
and children
8. Kadesh-
Barnea
9. Plains of
Moab
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
10. Jericho

Adam Noah
4000 BC 2348
Abraham
Jacob Joseph
2052 2006
1914
Moses
1525
Jacob arrives
In Egypt
1875
Judges
Saul David
Joshua
Jeroboam Baasha Omri… Ahab Jeroboam… Hoshea
Rehoboam Asa
931
Jehoshaphat…
Hezekiah… Josiah.. Zedekiah
730
586
KINGDOM OF ISRAEL
KINGDOM OF JUDAH
721
Assyrian
Captivity
721
Babylonian
Captivity
605
Moses Exodus
1525 1445 1295
1050 1010
970
Solomon
930
Divided
Kingdom
1405
GENESIS EXODUS JOSHUA
LEVITICUS
NUMBERS
DEUTERONOMY
JUDGES
RUTH
1/2 SAMUEL
1/2 KINGS 1/2 CHRON

Babyonian Empire;
Assyrian Kingdom fell
– Lost 10 tribes
70-year Captivity
Medo-Persian
Empire
Greek
Period
Maccabees/
Hasmonean
605 BC 538 423 333 166
Romans
Period
63 4 BC
EZRA – NEHEMIAH - ESTHER

OLD TESTAMENT
PENTATEUCH HISTORICAL POETRY PROPHESY
GENESIS
EXODUS
LEVITICUS
NUMBERS
DEUTERONOMY
JOSHUA
JUDGES
1ST, 2ND SAMUEL
1ST, 2ND KINGS
1ST, 2ND
CHRONICLES
EZRA
NEHEMIAH
ESTHER
JOB
PSALMS
PROVERBS
ECCLESIASTES
SONG OF
SOLOMON
ISAIAH
JEREMIAH
LAMENTATIONS
EZEKIEL
DANIEL
Minor
Prophets
Minor: Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah,
Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi

The Significance of these books
Genesis – the fall
Exodus – the redemption
Leviticus – the way to worship God
Numbers – the wilderness wandering of Israel
Deuteronomy – the second serving of the Law
Joshua – entry into the Promised Land
Judges – struggles in the Promised Land
1st Samuel – Israel asks for a king
2nd Samuel – God’s chosen king
1st Kings – Kingdom united
2nd Kings – Kingdom divided
1st and 2nd Chronicles – 2nd serving of Israel’s History

Joshua
Title: Joshua, “Hoshea - salvation”
Author: Joshua
Date Written: 1400-1370 BC.
Possession and conquest of the land of promise.
Theme and purpose
• Possessing, conquering and dividing of the promised land
• Fulfilment of God’s promise and His faithfulness toward His
people

Outline of Joshua
I. Mobilization of the army (1-5)
II. Fall of Jericho (6)
III. Campaign at AI (7-8)
IV. Central-Northern conquest (10-11)
V. Division of the land (13-24)
VI. Joshua’s farewell and death (24)

God’s charge to Joshua (Chap 1)
6 Be strong and courageous, for you shall give this
people possession of the land which I swore to their
fathers to give them. 7 Only be strong and very
courageous; be careful to do according to all the law
which Moses My servant commanded you; do not turn
from it to the right or to the left, so that you may have
success wherever you go.

Highlights of Joshua
• God charges Joshua as new leader
• Joshua send 2 spies to Jericho
• Rahab hides the spies; expresses fear of Israel and
belief in their God
• Joshua leads them to cross the river Jordan*
• Marches around Jericho as God cause the walls to
crumble
• They defeat 5 kings at Gibea; conquest of southern
and northern Canaan*
• Canaan divided among the tribes*

Rahab protects the spies…
8 …“I know that the LORD has given you the land, and
that the terror of you has fallen on us, and that all the
inhabitants of the land have melted away before you.
10 For we have heard how the LORD dried up the water
of the Red Sea before you when you came out of
Egypt, and what you did to the two kings of the
Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, to Sihon and
Og, whom you utterly destroyed. 11When we
heard it, our hearts melted and no courage remained
in any man any longer because of you; for the
LORD your God, He is God in heaven above and on
earth beneath.

Rahab protects the spies…
8 …“I know that the LORD has given you the land, and
that the terror of you has fallen on us, and that all the
inhabitants of the land have melted away before you.
10 For we have heard how the LORD dried up the water
of the Red Sea before you when you came out of Egypt,
and what you did to the two kings of the Amorites who
were beyond the Jordan, to Sihon and Og, whom
you utterly destroyed. 11When we heard it, our hearts
melted and no courage remained in any man any
longer because of you; for the LORD your God, He is
God in heaven above and on earth beneath.

Crossing the River Jordan
5 Then Joshua said to the people, “Consecrate yourselves, for
tomorrow the LORD will do wonders among you.” (Jos 3:5)

God’s presence…
After crossing the Jordan…
• God instructed them to carry 12 stones as a memorial
• Joshua also put 12 stones in Jordan where the priests
stood
• A new generation was circumcised
• God sends the Lord’s army…
13 … a man was standing opposite him with his sword drawn in his hand,
and Joshua went to him and said to him, “Are you for us or for our
adversaries?” 14 He said, “No; rather I indeed come now as captain of the
host of the LORD.” And Joshua fell on his face to the earth, and bowed
down, and said to him, “What has my lord to say to his servant?” 15 The
captain of the LORD’S host said to Joshua, “Remove your sandals from your
feet, for the place where you are standing is holy.” And Joshua did so.

11 As they fled from before Israel, while they were at the
descent of Beth-horon, the LORD threw large stones from
heaven on them as far as Azekah, and they died; (Jos 10:11)
Defeat of 5 Kings at Gibeon
5 So the five kings of the Amorites, the king of Jerusalem, the
king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of
Lachish, and the king of Eglon, gathered together and went up,
they with all their armies, and camped by Gibeon and fought
against it.(Jos 10:5)

Joshua urges Israel
to serve the Lord
15 If it is disagreeable in your
sight to serve the LORD,
choose for yourselves today
whom you will serve:
whether the gods which
your fathers served which
were beyond the River,
or the gods of the Amorites
in whose land you are living;
but as for me and my house,
we will serve the LORD.”
(Jos 24:15)
The people
answered…
24 The people said to
Joshua, “We will serve
the LORD our God and we
will [obey His voice.”
(Jos 24:24)
31 Israel served the LORD all
the days of Joshua…, and
had known all the deeds
of the LORD which He had
done for Israel. (Jos 24:31)

The Bones of Joseph
32 Now they buried the bones of Joseph, which the
sons of Israel brought up from Egypt, at Shechem, in
the piece of ground which Jacob had bought from the
sons of Hamor the father of Shechem for one
hundred pieces of money; and they became the
inheritance of Joseph’s sons. (Jos 24:32)

OLD TESTAMENT
PENTATEUCH HISTORICAL POETRY PROPHESY
GENESIS
EXODUS
LEVITICUS
NUMBERS
DEUTERONOMY
JOSHUA
JUDGES
RUTH
1ST, 2ND SAMUEL
1ST, 2ND KINGS
1ST, 2ND
CHRONICLES
EZRA
NEHEMIAH
ESTHER
JOB
PSALMS
PROVERBS
ECCLESIASTES
SONG OF
SOLOMON
ISAIAH
JEREMIAH
LAMENTATIONS
EZEKIEL
DANIEL
Minor
Prophets
Minor: Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah,
Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi

Judges
Title: Judges “leaders” or “elders”
Author: Samuel according to tradition
Date Written: 1000 BC
Tells of Israel’s history between the death of Joshua and the
ministry of Samuel
Theme and message
• The cycle of Israel’s crying out to God, being heard and
rebelling again.
• The age when there was no king in Israel and every one did
what was right in his own eyes.

“The Israelites
did evil in the
sight of the
LORD.”
“The LORD sold them
into the hands of
their enemies”
“The LORD
raised up a
deliverer.”
“And when the sons
of Israel cried out to
the LORD…”

Key Points of Judges
• “Dark Ages” of Israel (2:13 – “So they forsook
the LORD and served Baal and the Ashtaroth.”)
• Covers roughly 350 years
• 14 Judges in all
• Repeated departures from God; but with God’s
repeated mercy
• God uses the weak things
o Ehud – used a home-made weapon
o Deborah – woman Judge
o Gideon – from obscure family
o Shamgar – rustic with ox goad

But Israel did not drive away the inhabitants …
21 But the sons of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites who
lived in Jerusalem; so the Jebusites have lived with the sons of
Benjamin in Jerusalem to this day.
27 But Manasseh did not take possession of Beth-shean and its
villages…so the Canaanites persisted in living in that land.
29 Ephraim did not drive out the Canaanites who were living in
Gezer;
30 Zebulun did not drive out the inhabitants of Kitron, or the
inhabitants of Nahalol
31 Asher did not drive out the inhabitants of Acco, or the
inhabitants of Sidon, ...
(Violating God’s command in Deu 7:2-3)

Israel served Baals …
11 Then the sons of Israel did evil in the sight of
the LORD and served the Baals, 12 and they forsook the LORD, the
God of their fathers, who had brought them out of the land of
Egypt, and followed other gods from among the gods of the
peoples who were around them, and bowed themselves down
to them; thus they provoked the LORD to anger.
13 So they forsook the LORD and served Baal and the
Ashtaroth. 14 The anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He
gave them into the hands of plunderers who plundered them;
and He sold them into the hands of their enemies around them,
so that they could no longer stand before their enemies. (Judges
2:11-13)

Prologue in two parts (1-2)
Othniel Narrative (3:7-11)
9 When Ehud the sons Narrative of Israel (cried 3:12-to 31)
the LORD, the LORD raised
up a deliverer Judge is social for the outcast; sons oppressors of Israel to from deliver east of them, the Jordan
Othniel
the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother. 10 Deborah/Barak Narrative (4-5)
The Spirit of
the LORD came Woman upon slays him, enemy and with he judged blow to head
Israel. When he
went out to war, theLORD gave Cushan-rishathaim king
Gideon Narrative (6:1 – 8:32)
of Mesopotamia into his hand, so that he prevailed over
Cushan-rishathaim. Abimelech 11 Then Narrative the land (had 8:33 rest – 10:forty 5)
years. And
Othniel the Woman son of Kenaz slays enemy died. with (Judg blow 3:to 9-11)
head
Jephthah Narrative (10:6 – 12:15)
Judge is social outcast; oppressors from east of the Jordan
Samson Narrative (13-16)
Epilogue in two parts (17-21)

Book of Ruth
Title: Ruth – the leading character
Author: attributed to Samuel but unlikely
Date Written: after 1000 BC
Must have been written during relative peace between Moab
and Israel.
Theme and message
• Redemption as a key theme
• God’s pursuit of His plan for salvation
• Love

Elimelech journeys to Moab
Famine strikes Israel; family of Elimelech journeys to Moab
with Naomi and 2 sons. Eventually, Elimelech dies.
2 sons marry for 10 years, also both sons die.
Naomi was left with daughters-in-law – Ruth and Orpah.
Naomi decides to head back to Israel; Ruth goes with her
“Do not urge me to leave you or turn back from
following you; for where you go, I will go, and where
you lodge, I will lodge. Your people shall be my people,
and your God, my God.” (Ruth 1:16)

Boaz, the kinsman-redeemer
Ruth takes care of Naomi; gleans on the land of Boaz
Boaz gives special treatment to Ruth on account of Naomi
Ruth offers redemption from Boaz
Boaz waits for a closer relative to redeem Ruth
Boaz redeems Ruth!
10 ”Moreover Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of Mahlon,
have I purchased to be my wife, to raise up the name of
the dead upon his inheritance, that the name of the dead
be not cut off from among his brethren, and from the
gate of his place: ye are witnesses this day.” (Ruth 4:10)

Rahab and Ruth in the line…
2 Abraham was the father of Isaac, Isaac the father of
Jacob, and Jacob the father of Judah and his
brothers. 3 Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by
Tamar, Perez was the father of Hezron, and Hezron the
father of Ram. 4 Ram was the father of Amminadab,
Amminadab the father of Nahshon, and Nahshon the
father of Salmon.5 Salmon was the father of Boaz by
Rahab, Boaz was the father of Obed by Ruth, and Obed
the father of Jesse. 6 Jesse was the father of David the
king. (Mat 1:2-6)

Book of 1 Samuel
Title: 1 Samuel (a person used by God to establish
Israel
Date Written: 930 and later BC
Theme and message
• Transition from Judges to Kingdom rule in Israel
• Samuel was raised up as last Judge, prophet and priest
• People clamoured for earthly king rather than God as their
King.

Samuel is born to Hannah
Elkanah and his two wives – Hannah and Peninah
Elkanah – “Am I not better than 10 sons?” (1:8)
Hanah – “O LORD of hosts, if You will indeed look on the
affliction of Your maidservant and remember me, and
not forget Your maidservant, but will give Your
maidservant a son, then I will give him to the LORD all
the days of his life, and a razor shall never come on his
head.” (1:11)
Samuel (“because I have asked him of the Lord.”); was
brought to the temple after weaning.
Hanah writes a song of thanksgiving to God (Chap 2)
Personal reflection:
What precious gift is that I can offer to God to show
that nothing is more precious than God Himself in us
even as the gift that I offer is from God Himself.

Outline and summary of 1 Samuel
Samuel’s appeal in chap 7:3:
“If you return to the LORD with all your heart, remove the
foreign gods and the Ashtaroth from among you
and direct your hearts to the LORD and serve Him alone;
and He will deliver you from the hand of the Philistines.”
Chap 1 – 7 God raises Samuel (Prophet, Priest and Judge)
Chap 8 – 15 Israel asks for their earthly king to rule them
Chap 16 – 31 God chooses a king for Israel
Getting to know Samuel
• A man of prayer (at the temple, at Mizpah vs Philistines
and when Israel asked for a king)
• Interceded as a prophet (3: v9 - … grew and the Lord was
with him… v21 – the Lord revealed Himself to Samuel…by
the word of the Lord.)
• Deliverer: 7:13 – and the hand of the Lord was against the
Philistines all the days of Samuel.

Personal Israel’s reflection:
response…
In spite of God’s moving in our lives, we want to move
ahead of God and take charge. At times, God allows us to
get our way and suffer the consequences that He may
rescue us when we call again upon him, if we call upon
Him at all.
5 and they said to him, “Behold, you have grown old, and
your sons do not walk in your ways. Now appoint a king
for us to judge us like all the nations.”(1 Sam 8:5)
God’s response…
7 The LORD said to Samuel, “Listen to the voice of the
people in regard to all that they say to you, for they have
not rejected you, but they have rejected Me from being
king over them. 8 Like all the deeds which they have done
since the day that I brought them up from Egypt even to
this day—in that they have forsaken Me and served other
gods—so they are doing to you also.

God was not pleased
13 Samuel said to Saul, “You have acted foolishly; you have
not kept the commandment of the LORD your God, which
He commanded you, for now the LORD would have
established your kingdom over Israel forever. 14 But now
your kingdom shall not endure. The LORD has sought out
for Himself a man after His own heart, and the LORD has
appointed him as ruler over His people, because you have
not kept what the LORD commanded you.”
Saul started well…
He was tall, handsome and humble
God changed his heart (1 Sam 10:9); the Spirit of God
came to Saul mightily (1 Sam 11:6); He even prophesied
Saul’s pivotal battle in Jabesh-Gilead vs Ammonites.
He routed the Philistines, Amalekites, Moabites, Edomites
and Ammonites.
But pride and lust for power overtook Saul…
In one major battle with the Philistines in Chap 13, Samuel was
supposed to meet with Saul in Gilgal before the battle… But
Saul cannot wait any longer after 7 days that he decided
himself to conduct burned offering to God…

Saul’s disobedience followed a series of falls…
In Chap 15, the Lord commanded them to punish the
Amalekites… Strike and utterly destroy them. Do not
spare anyone, including animals, children and infant.
Samuel rebukes Saul
22 Samuel said,
“Has the LORD as much delight in burnt offerings and
sacrifices
As in obeying the voice of the LORD?
Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice,
And to heed than the fat of rams.
23 “For rebellion is as the sin of divination,
And insubordination is as iniquity and idolatry.
Because you have rejected the word of the LORD,
He has also rejected you from being king.”
They defeated the Amalekites but…
8 He captured Agag the king of the Amalekites alive,
and utterly destroyed all the people with the edge of the
sword. 9 But Saul and the people spared Agag and the best
of the sheep, the oxen, the fatlings, the lambs, and all that
was good, and were not willing to destroy them utterly;
but everything despised and worthless, that they utterly
destroyed.

David, the Next King (16-31)
• Jessie’s son, great grandson of Ruth and Boaz (who
remembers Boaz’ mother?)
• He killed Goliath (you know the story here)
• He becomes famous as people sang “Saul has slain his
thousands and David his ten thousands.”
• Saul became very angry… an evil spirit from God came
mightily upon Saul… (18:10-11)
• Saul attacks David 5 times
• David was protected by Jonathan, Mikhal – God
• David exiled as Saul pursues his life
• David had a chance to kill Saul 2x but he spared him

Book of 2 Samuel
Title: 1 Samuel (a person used by God to establish
Israel
Date Written: 930 and later BC
Theme and message
• Continuing story of the kingdom of Israel
• Saul, rejected by God, is now replaced by God’s choice for a
king of Israel, David
• The last few chapters of 1 Samuel saw David’s rise to the
thrown yet he was not in a hurry

Outline and summary of 2 Samuel
Chap 1 – 4 David made king over Judah
Chap 5 – 24 David made king over Israel
David learns and mourns for
Saul and Jonathan’s death
• Jonathan and Saul
perished during their
battle against the
Philistines (1 Samuel)
• Saul takes his life by
falling on his own sword
to die.
• David writes a Song of
the Bow in Chapter 1
Chap 1:22b-23:
The bow of Jonathan did not
turn back,
And the sword of Saul did not
return empty.”
“Saul and Jonathan, beloved
and pleasant in their life,
And in their death they were
not parted;
They were swifter than eagles,
They were stronger than lions.”

David’s triumphs…
• Civil war follow; Ish-boleth is murdered; all Israel asks
David to be king.
• David moves capital from Hebron to Jerusalem; plans
to build a temple for God; but God said that it will be
his son who will build the temple.
• David leads Israel to many more victories against
enemies; he takes care of the family of Saul.
Comfort reveals its ugly work in the human heart
Chap 11. Then, it happened in the spring, time when kings go
out to battle… David walked around his roof and saw a
woman bathing… He falls. Then he orchestrates the murder of
the woman’s husband.

Nathan confronts David… he confesses…
but consequences will be painful…
• His son of Bathsheba dies
• His son Ammon rapes his half-sister, Tamar. In revenge,
Absalom kills Ammon.
• Then Absalom flees. Then later on, revolts against
David (15-16)
• David is forced out of Jerusalem; Absalom proclaims
himself as king for a short time. But gets killed
eventually. David grieves.
• David is restored as king; a famine in the land.
• David commits a sin when he conducted census.
Sin has consequences
God is always faithful to forgive us when we sin and repent.
But the sin bears consequences that we must face. We must
be strong and courageous as in His course of time, He will
restore us.

David pours out his heart to God…
2 “The LORD is my rock and my fortress and my deliverer;
3My God, my rock, in whom I take refuge,
My shield and the horn of my salvation, my stronghold
and my refuge;
My savior, You save me from violence.
4 “I call upon the LORD, who is worthy to be praised,
And I am saved from my enemies. (2 Sam 22:2-4)

On his lustful sin over Bathsheba… Psalm 51
1 Be gracious to me, O God, according to Your loving-kindness;
According to the greatness of Your compassion blot out
my transgressions.
2Wash me thoroughly from my iniquity
And cleanse me from my sin.
3 For I know my transgressions,
And my sin is ever before me.
4 Against You, You only, I have sinned
And done what is evil in Your sight,
So that You are justified when You speak
And blameless when You judge.

5 Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity,
And in sin my mother conceived me.
6 Behold, You desire truth in the innermost being,
And in the hidden part You will make me know wisdom.
7 Purify me with hyssop, and I shall be clean;
Wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow.
8Make me to hear joy and gladness,
Let the bones which You have broken rejoice.
9 Hide Your face from my sins
And blot out all my iniquities.
10 Create in me a clean heart, O God,
And renew a steadfast spirit within me.
11 Do not cast me away from Your presence
And do not take Your Holy Spirit from me.
12 Restore to me the joy of Your salvation
And sustain me with a willing spirit.

The Davidic Covenant… (2 Sam 7:12-13, 16)
12When your days are complete and you lie down with
your fathers, I will raise up your descendant after you,
who will come forth from you, and I will establish his
kingdom. 13 He shall build a house for My name, and I will
establish the throne of his kingdom forever.
16 Your house and your kingdom shall endure before Me
forever; your throne shall be established forever.

Book of 1st Kings
Title: 1 Kings
Author: By tradition, Jeremiah
Date Written: 560 and 540 BC
A sequel to the books of Samuel which introduces the events
covering the rise of Solomon after the death of David.
Theme and message
• Traces the history of kings of Israel and Judah, the reign of
Solomon and the rise of Israel to the peak of her glory
• How disobedience led to the disruption and division of the
kingdom
• Success of any king depends on his allegiance to God’s law
and truth

On David’s deathbed, Solomon assumes
kingship but not without strife…
• His older son Adonijah, proclaims himself as king;
Bathsheba and Nathan reminds David that the
successor is Solomon.
• Solomon is proclaimed new king; Adonijah is executed
because of treachery.
Solomon asks for wisdom…
7 Now, O LORD my God, You have made Your servant king in
place of my father David, yet I am but a little child; I do not
know how to go out or come in.
9 So give Your servant an understanding heart to judge Your
people to discern between good and evil. For who is able to
judge this great people of Yours?”

God was pleased and prospered Solomon
immensely…
12 behold, I have done according to your words. Behold, I
have given you a wise and discerning heart, so that there
has been no one like you before you, nor shall one like
you arise after you. 13 I have also given you what you
have not asked, both riches and honor, so that there will
not be any among the kings like you all your days.
14 If you walk in My ways, keeping My statutes and
commandments, as your father David walked, then I
will prolong your days.” (1 Kings 3:12-14)

Solomon built the Temple…
12 “Concerning this house which you are building, if you will walk in
My statutes and execute My ordinances and keep all My
commandments by walking in them, then I will carry out My word
with you which I spoke to David your father. 13 I will dwell among the
sons of Israel, and will not forsake My people Israel.” (1 Kings 6:12-13)

Solomon built the Temple…for 7 years (6:38)

Solomon’s palace
Now Solomon was building his own house thirteen years, and
he finished all his house. (1 Kings 7:1)

Solomon amassed great wealth, wisdom and
women
• Now the weight of gold that came in 1 year was 666 talents.
(10:14)
• Solomon’s wisdom surpassed all the wise men of the east
and all the wise men of Egypt (4:30); 3,000 proverbs and
1005 songs.
• Loved many foreign women along with the daughters of
Pharaoh; all those that God forbade them to associate. 700
wives and 300 concubines. (Chap 11)
God was angry…
11 So the LORD said to Solomon, “Because you have done this,
and you have not kept My covenant and My statutes, which I
have commanded you, I will surely tear the kingdom from
you, and will give it to your servant.(11:11)

At Solomon’s death, kingdom splits and
idolatry worsens…
• Ruled by a series of evil and idolatrous kings.
• Divided kingdom – North (10 tribes) and South (Judah &
Benjamin)
• Elijah tries to preach to bring them back to God;
• Among the evil king was Ahab and his wife Jezebel
• Elijah challenged the baal gods of Jezebel and God
prevailed; Jezebel orders death for Elijah. Elijah runs
away exhausted and depressed.
• God fed and comforted Elijah and told him that 7,000
knees have not bowed to Baal in Israel.

Lessons in 1 Kings…
• Fear God and seek wisdom from Him alone
• Do not amass wealth and hold fast to power that may
cause us to turn away from God
• What agreement is there between the temple of God
and idols? (2 Cor 6:16)
• We are the temple of the living God.
• Mountaintop experiences (Elijah’s victory over 450 false
prophets) may cause us to feel discouraged when God’s
work seem not yet finished. Hold fast unto God.

Book of 2nd Kings
Title: 2nd Kings
Author: By tradition, Jeremiah
A sequel to the book of 1st Kings during its divided kingdoms.
Theme and message
• Final overthrow and deportation of the people of Israel and
Judah
• The fall of Israel to Assyria in 722 BC and Judah to
Babylonians in 586 BC.
• If in Samuel – a nation was born, in 1st Kings a nation was
divided, in 2nd Kings, a nation is dispersed.

Highlights of 2nd Kings…
• Downfall of the divided kingdom
• Prophets continue to warn the people of the judgment
of God but they wouldn’t repent.
• Idolatrous and evil kings take turns in leading Israel to
decline
• A few good rulers come along with prophet Elisha, but
not able to change Israel’s destiny.
• Elisha continues the work of Elijah as Elijah is taken up
by a fiery chariot…

Elijah parts Jordan…
7 Now fifty men of the sons
of the prophets went and
stood opposite them at a
distance, while the two of
them stood by the Jordan.
8 Elijah took his mantle and
folded it together and struck
the waters, and they were
divided here and there, so
that the two of them
crossed over on dry ground.
(2 Kings 2:7-8)

11 As they were going along
and talking, behold, there
appeared a chariot of fire
and horses of fire which
separated the two of them.
And Elijah went up by
a whirlwind to heaven. (2
Kings 2:11)
Elijah taken up…

Elisha asked for a double portion of Elija’s spirit…

Assyria captures Israel…
6 In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured
Samaria and carried Israel away into exile to Assyria,
and settled them in Halah and Habor, on the river
of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes. (2nd Kings 17:6)

God detested Israel and Judah
7 Now this came about because the sons of Israel had
sinned against the LORD their God, who had brought them
up from the land of Egypt from under the hand of
Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and they had feared other
gods 8 and walked in the customs of the nations whom
the LORD had driven out before the sons of Israel, and in
the customs of the kings of Israel which they
had introduced.
18 So the LORD was very angry with Israel and removed
them from His sight;
19 Also Judah did not keep the commandments of
the LORD their God, but walked in the customs which Israel
had introduced. (2nd Kings 17:7-8, 18, 19)

Nebuchadnezzar besieges Judah
1 Now in the ninth year of his reign, on the tenth day of
the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came,
he and all his army, against Jerusalem, camped against it
and built a siege wall all around it. 2 So the city was under
siege until the eleventh year of King Zedekiah.
8 Now on the seventh day of the fifth month, which was
the nineteenth year of King Nebuchadnezzar, king of
Babylon, Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard, a servant
of the king of Babylon, came to Jerusalem. 9 He burned
the house of the LORD, the king’s house, and all the houses
of Jerusalem; even every great house he burned with fire.
(2nd Kings 25:1-2, 8-9)

Joshua 24:19
19 Then Joshua said to the people, “You will not be able to
serve the LORD, for He is a holy God. He is a jealous
God; He will not forgive your transgression or your
sins. 20 If you forsake the LORD and serve foreign gods, then
He will turn and do you harm and consume you after He
has done good to you.”

Book of 1st and 2nd Chronicles
Title: 1st and 2nd Chronicles
Author: By tradition, Ezra
Theme and message
• Covers similar history of Israel found in the 1st and 2nd
Samuel and 1st and 2nd Kings.
• This book focuses on the priestly aspect of the events to
encourage those who were returning from exile.
• 1st Chron focuses on the Southern Kingdom, who are more
faithful to God.
• 2nd Chronicles is an evaluation of the nation’s religious
history.

1st Chronicles – Summary
• First 9 chapters dedicated to genealogies and lists
• David’s accent to the throne and his reign
• Solomon becoming king
• A reference to future judgment:
Then the trees of the forest will sing for joy before the LORD;
For He is coming to judge the earth. (1 Chron 16:33)
• A prophesy on Jesus Christ:
13 I will be his father and he shall be My son; and I will not
take My lovingkindness away from him, as I took it from him
who was before you. 14 But I will settle him in My house and
in My kingdom forever, and his throne shall be established
forever.”’(1 Chron 17:13-14)

2nd Chronicles – Summary
• History of the Southern kingdom
• Reign of Solomon until the Babylonian exile
• Focus is given on the good kings who relentlessly turn
people back to God
• Concludes with the final destruction of Jerusalem and
the temple
We see that even those “good” kings will eventually
encounter experiences that cause them to fall. This points to
a need for a King who is sinless --- that is, Jesus Christ. This
points to a God who wishes to dwell in our hearts, the Holy
Spirit in us believers.

King Cyrus permits Jews to return…
22 Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia—in order to
fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah—
the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so
that he sent a proclamation throughout his kingdom, and
also put it in writing, saying, 23 “Thus says Cyrus king of
Persia, ‘The LORD, the God of heaven, has given me all the
kingdoms of the earth, and He has appointed me to build
Him a house in Jerusalem, which is in Judah. Whoever
there is among you of all His people, may the LORD his God
be with him, and let him go up!’”
Once again, God comes to the rescue of His people. He turns
the heart of Cyrus to favour calling them back home to
rebuild the Temple in Judah.
In our lives, have we noticed how God turns the hearts of
people even in high places to favour us and bless us…

Babyonian Empire;
Assyrian Kingdom fell
– Lost 10 tribes
70-year Captivity
Medo-Persian
Empire
Greek
Period
Maccabees/
Hasmonean
605 BC 538 423 333 166
Romans
Period
63 4 BC

The Significance of these books
Genesis – the fall
Exodus – the redemption
Leviticus – the way to worship God
Numbers – the wilderness wandering of Israel
Deuteronomy – the second serving of the Law
Joshua – entry into the Promised Land
Judges – struggles in the Promised Land
1st Samuel – Israel asks for a king
2nd Samuel – God’s chosen king
1st Kings – Kingdom united
2nd Kings – Kingdom divided
1st and 2nd Chronicles – 2nd serving of history
Abraham
Moses
Moses
Moses
Moses
Joshua
Judges
Saul, Samuel
David
Solomon
Kings, Prophets
Kings, Prophets

History of Israel part 4 - PRRM Bible Study Group

History of Israel part 4 - PRRM Bible Study Group

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