This document discusses developing measures for inequality, inequity, and vulnerability for Oxfam South Africa. It recognizes that inequality is at the heart of South Africa's development problems. Two reports were produced proposing definitions and indicators for inequality in health, gender, and livelihoods. The workshop aims to broadly discuss inequality, inequity, and vulnerability rather than present indicators. It defines the three terms and gives an example measuring inequality and inequity in life expectancy. Small groups then discuss characteristics of vulnerable people and how their work matches this. The conclusion is that considering inequity and vulnerability may be more useful than just inequality and indicators.
This presentation is part of a lesson on measuring disparities in wealth and development found at the following link : http://mcleankids.wetpaint.com/page/Measurements+of+Regional+and+Global+Disparities
This presentation is part of a lesson on measuring disparities in wealth and development found at the following link : http://mcleankids.wetpaint.com/page/Measurements+of+Regional+and+Global+Disparities
While the culture of poverty has usually been identified as a negative concept, we will reveal the true definition and its implications for child welfare. This workshop will focus on participants gaining the tools necessary to work with developmentally traumatized children and their families in a "culture of poverty."
A brief study on the measures of income distribution for both analytic and quantitative purposes in terms of size distribution and functional distribution.
The study includes discussion on following concepts-
Lorenz Curve
Gini Coefficient
Absolute Poverty
Foster Greer Thorbecke Measure
While the culture of poverty has usually been identified as a negative concept, we will reveal the true definition and its implications for child welfare. This workshop will focus on participants gaining the tools necessary to work with developmentally traumatized children and their families in a "culture of poverty."
A brief study on the measures of income distribution for both analytic and quantitative purposes in terms of size distribution and functional distribution.
The study includes discussion on following concepts-
Lorenz Curve
Gini Coefficient
Absolute Poverty
Foster Greer Thorbecke Measure
Advocacy planning model based on information gathered through primary and secondary research. It seeks to empower persons affected by the problem to contribute to the solution.
Presented on Tuesday 6 September at NCVO Campaigning Conference 2016.
Abigail Scott Paul, Deputy Director, Communications, Joseph Rowntree Foundation
Lucy Bush, Associate Director, Britain Thinks
Aidan Warner, Senior External Relations Officer, NCVO (chair)
If you would like to find out more about our training and events, visit our website at https://www.ncvo.org.uk/training-and-events.
Even It Up - Time to End Extreme Inequality: Comments by Dean JolliffeWB_Research
Comments prepared for launch event of “Even it Up: Time to End Extreme Poverty”
IMF, October 31, 2014.
The views represented in these comments are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank.
The environment and conservation professions are among the least diverse in the UK. Yet people of colour and racially or ethnically marginalised groups are often the most affected by the climate crisis, and its intersecting challenges.
We won’t solve the climate crisis with the same people and thinking that created it; we need new voices in the room.
This isn’t a handbook, but a case study to help you initiate conversations on diversity, equity and inclusion in your own organisation. We are not the experts in this work, so we have also signposted you to those who are, and the services that are necessary for inclusivity and diversity in the climate movement.
DISASTERS AND THE CYCLE OF POVERTY: UNDERSTANDING URBAN, RURAL, AND GENDER ASPECTS OF SOCIAL VULNERABILITY by Kathy Lynn, Associate Director Resource Innovations, University of Oregon’s Institute for a Sustainable Environment September 2005
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
Explain government programs and initiative in addressing social inequalities;
Discuss social inequality, problems it may create and things that we can do to lessen the impact of social inequality.
Suggest ways that could address social inequalities that you can identify within your group or community by creating your own social class autobiography.
Read· Coombs and Holladay, Managing Corporate Social Responsibil.docxcargillfilberto
Read
· Coombs and Holladay, Managing Corporate Social Responsibility, pages 1-49 and 153-163.
· Jacquelyn Smith, Forbes Staff (2014).
The Companies With the Best CSR ReputationsLinks to an external site.
· Jurate Banyte and Agne Gadeikiene (2013). “Long-term Relationships between Consumer and Socially Responsible Company: The Effect of Consumer’s Support for CSR,” International Journal of Management Cases, 15:2, 153-168.
· John Paluszek, “
Transforming Communication/Corporate Social Responsibility,Links to an external site.” including three-minute video, 2014.
Watch
· “
Harvard's Michael Porter Tell Us How Business Can Win Back Its' Reputation,Links to an external site.” CSR For Forbes.com.
· “
Corporate Social Responsibility is an Investment in the Future: Markus Conrad, Tchibo chairmanLinks to an external site..”
·
Patagonia Corporate Responsibility.Links to an external site.
·
Video debate with Robert Reich and David Vogel on CSR.Links to an external site.
Assignments
· CSR Report – Analyze a Fortune 500 multi-national company’s most recent social responsibility report. Prepare an approximately 1000-word analysis that 1) identifies CSR issues important to the company, 2) describes the company’s CSR philosophy and approach, 3) explains strategies used by the company in addressing CSR issues, and 4) analyzes the company’s approach to CSR in the context of CSR concepts discussed in Coombs and Holladay. Post your analysis on the Discussion Board.
FIGURE 10.1 Contemporary economic development often follows a similar pattern around the world, best
described as a growing gap between the haves and have-nots. (Credit: Alicia Nijdam/Wikimedia Commons)
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER OUTLINE
10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
10.2 Global Wealth and Poverty
10.3 Theoretical Perspectives on Global Stratification
The April 24, 2013 collapse of the Rana Plaza in Dhaka, Bangladesh that killed over 1,100
people, was the deadliest garment factory accident in history, and it was preventable (International Labour
Organization, Department of Communication 2014).
In addition to garment factories employing about 5,000 people, the building contained a bank, apartments,
childcare facilities, and a variety of shops. Many of these closed the day before the collapse when cracks were
discovered in the building walls. When some of the garment workers refused to enter the building, they were
threatened with the loss of a month’s pay. Most were young women, aged twenty or younger. They typically
worked over thirteen hours a day, with two days off each month. For this work, they took home between twelve
and twenty-two cents an hour, or $10.56 to $12.48 a week. Without that pay, most would have been unable to
feed their children. In contrast, the U.S. federal minimum wage is $7.25 an hour, and workers receive wages at
time-and-a-half rates for work in excess of for.
Wellbeing in Galway City - Presentation for the GCCN teamChris Noone
A description of the work of Dr. Michael Hogan, Dr. Benjamin Broome and their facilitation team using collective intelligence to facilitate the development of a shared vision of wellbeing in Galway for the Galway City Community Network and planning strategic objectives based on this shared vision.
Achieving Equitable Outcomes with Results-Based Accountability Clear Impact
Achieving equitable outcomes is an integral part of the implementation of Results Based Accountability (RBA). Each step of RBA's Turn the Curve process includes the opportunity for practitioners to consider diversity, equity, and inclusion. This webinar will provide participants with concrete methods for approaching their Turn the Curve process with equity at the forefront, and not as an afterthought.
Human Wellbeing definition and measurement show [Autosaved].pptx
HEARD discussion: Inequality in the context of South Africa
1. Developing measures for Oxfam South Africa:
inequality, inequity & vulnerability.
Tami McKenzie & Nicola Deghaye
Workshop with Oxfam partners: 15 November 2012
2. Introduction
Oxfam recognises inequality is at the heart of the
South African „development problem‟.
It is critical that Oxfam addresses inequality if
they are to achieve the development outcomes
needed to improve the lives of all people living
and working in South Africa.
3. Introduction
HEARD has produced 2 reports for Oxfam:
Phase 1 September 2012:
• propose an overarching definition of inequality
• outline the most common types of inequality
• propose some appropriate inequality measures to be used in
the Oxfam program in South Africa
Phase 2 November 2012:
• To describe the dimensions of inequality in health, gender
& livelihoods
• To propose a set of inequality indicators for health, gender
and livelihoods
4. Introduction
This work is intended to:
•Provide a context for the work Oxfam does.
•To provide a ‘big picture’ for what Oxfam is doing and the
possible impact its programme could have.
•To (possibly) assist Oxfam in high level advocacy work.
•NOT intended to be used to evaluate partners work.
5. Introduction
The aims for today:
• Different to what was advertised.
• Instead of presenting a set of indicators, we want to have a
broad discussion about inequality, inequity and vulnerability.
• Why?
6. Small group discussion 1
1. What is your understanding of the terms
inequality, inequity and vulnerability?
2. Which of these do you consider most
important for the organisation you work for and
why?
(20 min discussion, 10 min report back)
7. Definitions:
Inequality, inequity & vulnerability
Inequality:
• concerns multidimensional difference or disparity across a
population (e.g. In income or education)
Inequity:
• is concerned about whether the distribution (e.g. income or
education) is fair. Involves a value judgment.
Vulnerability:
• refers to the exposure and sensitivity to livelihood shocks
and indicates the likelihood of an adverse reaction to
various risks or to a disastrous event .
8. An example:
measuring inequality in health.
Inequality in life expectancy at birth:
• What are the differences in LE at birth
between:
• Richest 20% and poorest 20%.
• By gender
• By race
• By level of education attained
• By province or district?
9. An example (cont.): measuring inequity in
life expectancy at birth.
• Are the differences in LE at birth between
groups FAIR:
• Between the richest 20% and poorest 20%
• By gender
• By race
• By level of education attained
• By province or district?
• Or “are these differences unnecessary,
unavoidable, unfair”? (EQUINET, 1998)
10. Vulnerability and life expectancy at birth.
• Health and vulnerability are linked.
• Poor health and low life expectancy may cause
vulnerability.
• Vulnerability generally concerns access to
resources („the 5 capitals‟)
• Physical Capital
• Human Capital
• Social Capital
• Natural Capital
• Financial Capital
11. Small group discussion 2
(Building on the concept of vulnerability).
• Identify the characteristics of a person you consider vulnerable.
• Describe this person.
(10 mins)
12. Small group discussion 2
• Which groups of people do you work with and why?
• How does that match up with the person you just described as
vulnerable?
(10 min discussion)
Report back (10 min)
13. Conclusion
• Started by looking at inequality
• Realised that inequality and inequality measures
themselves may not be so useful.
• Within health inequity probably more relevant.
• Need to consider vulnerability.
• Your input from today‟s discussion, together with the
HEARD reports will determine the way forward for
Oxfam (in terms of identifying exactly what will be
measured and why).
Editor's Notes
SA is popularly described as the most unequal country in the world.As a middle income country, on average we are not as poor as many other countries, but the distribution of that income is problematic – large groups with low income levels – something that is masked when we look just at the average income levels in SA.
Although the indicators we have suggested, cover WASH to a large degree too, because of the overlap.The reports we have done is part of a three year process.
Part of the big picture perspective, may be to provide high level guidance on where need is greater. This could be used to guide xfam, but won’t necessarily be used in decisions of support for one partner over another.High level advocacy work – placing the work and the groups that Oxfam works with in the greater socioeconomic context – using the research we have done to produce some popular reporting that would be useful in highlighting the situation of certain population groups.Won’t feed into the M&E framework as outcome measures as these measures are population level and there is very little chance that the excellent work that partners do, on the ground will impact on inequality, even at district level.
Now that the first phase – the written reports – is complete, Oxfam is busy considering some of the recommendations we have made.Why?To get a sense of how these concept “fit” with you work, programmes and the groups you are working with.To get off the same starting blocks in this process.
Vulnerability is not really used in the context of health – as health is an input into livelihoods, so we have not gone into that in this context.
Vulnerability is not really used in the context of health – as health is an input into livelihoods,
Explain what we mean by characteristics. (gender, age, …)In taking notes on this we need to tease out that the person you describe depends on what you see people are being vulnerable to.
Be ready to explain why inequality may not be that useful.Be ready to discuss how access to various things among the poor and vulnerable is more relevant than knowing there is a great inequality in it. – linked to the point of needing to consider vulnerability.