Cigarettes and alcohol are considered gateway drugs that can lead to use of more dangerous substances. They are readily available and commonly used in society. Studies show that 2 in 5 Filipino teenagers aged 13-15 smoke cigarettes, and tobacco kills 10 Filipinos daily. The document discusses how cigarettes and alcohol are addictive substances that can harm health in various ways such as cancer, heart disease, and other illnesses. Laws aim to restrict their use especially among youth.

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Cigarettes and
Alcohol

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Why do
Cigarettes
and Alcohol
considered as
Gateway
Drugs?

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Gateway drugs such as cigarettes
and alcohol are legal drugs that a
non-drug user might try, which can
lead him/her to more dangerous
drugs such as marijuana and shabu.

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Since cigarettes and alcohol are readily
available and generally accepted in our
society, many people use them for
various purposes. Teenagers like you
are especially vulnerable because you
are curious and risk-takers.

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 According to the study done by the National Youth
Commission (NYC), 2 out of 5 Filipino teenagers
aged 13 to 15 years old smoke cigarettes
(philstar.com, March 16, 2012).
 Furthermore, in a study conducted by an anti-
tobacco group in the year 2011, ten Filipinos die
every year of tobacco-related diseases (Philippine
Daily Inquirer, Sept. 19, 2011).

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 It is a process in which a substance is burned,
and the resulting smoke is breathed in to be
tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.
 Most commonly, the substance is the dried
leaves of the Tobacco Plant which have been
rolled into a small square of rice paper to create
a small, round cylinder called “cigarette”.

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 It is a process in which a substance is burned,
and the resulting smoke is breathed in to be
tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.
 Most commonly, the substance is the dried
leaves of the Tobacco Plant which have been
rolled into a small square of rice paper to create
a small, round cylinder called “cigarette”.

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Tobacco is a tall, leafy plant,
originally grown in South and
Central America, but now
cultivated throughout the world.
There are many species of
tobacco but Nicotiana tabacum or
sometimes called common
tobacco is preferred for
producing present day cigarettes.

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According to the World Health Organization
(WHO), tobacco smoking and chewing is the
second leading cause of death around the world. It
is responsible for the death of one in ten adults
worldwide approximately reaching about 5 million
deaths in a year. It is estimated that the death toll
will rise to 10 million each year by the year 2020.

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Each time a person puffs a cigarette or chew
tobacco, more than 4,000 chemicals comes
into his/her contact. All of these chemicals
harm people in one way or another. In
studies conducted, 43 of these chemicals
are known carcinogens. Carcinogens are
substances which cause cancer.

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Nicotine, the addictive drug found in tobacco
products like cigarettes is a poisonous
stimulant. A stimulant drug increases the
central nervous system (CNS) activity. The
central nervous system controls all body
organs like the heart, lungs, brain, and
processes like heart rate, blood pressure rate,
respiration rate, and more.

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 refers specifically
to the smoke that a
smoker directly
inhales.

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The smoke that comes out of
the lighted end of a cigarette
or pipe. This is also called
“second-hand smoke” (SHS)
or “environmental tobacco
smoke (ETS). This is more
dangerous than mainstream
smoke.

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Smoke left for a long time on
sofa, beddings, pillow and
other objects. (RTS) settles
along with dust and can last
for months. This smoke still
contaiThis smoke also called
residual tobacco smokens
harmful chemicals and

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The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classifies
second-hand smoke as a Group A Carcinogen. This
means that cigarette smoke has substances known to
cause cancer to humans. Short exposures to second-
hand smoke can also cause changes in a passive
smoker's blood, making blood platelets stickier,
adding friction to the blood vessels causing damages
to its lining and thus causes an increase in heart rate
and performance.

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Too much exertion
of blood against
the arteries
causing damage.

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Involves the
cardiovascular
system.

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Effect of Cigarette
smoke to your
body scent.

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Foul smell exhaled
from the mouth.

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Inflammation of
the airways from
the Trachea into
the lungs.

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Damaged air sacs
in the lungs.

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Infection of the
lungs.

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A chronic disease
which affects the
airways.

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A group of diseases
which makes body
cells grow
uncontrollably.

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The Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003 is the law
governing tobacco production, distribution and use.
Some of its important provisions are the following:
1. Section 5. Smoking Ban in Public Places. Smoking
shall be absolutely prohibited in the following public
places:
a. Centers of youth activity such as schools and
universities;
b. Elevators and stairways;

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c. Locations in which fire hazards are present,
including gas stations and storage areas for flammable
substances;
d. Within the buildings and premises of public and
private hospitals and clinics;
e. Public conveyances and public facilities including
airport and ship terminals and train and bus stations,
restaurants and conference halls;
f. Food preparation areas.

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1. Section 9. Minimum Age Sales Under this Act, it shall be
unlawful
a. for any retailer of tobacco products to sell or distribute
tobacco products to any minor (persons below 18 years of
age);
b. for any person to purchase cigarettes or tobacco products
from a minor;
c. for a minor to sell or buy cigarettes or any tobacco
product; and
d. for a minor to smoke cigarettes or any other tobacco
products.

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3. Section 10. Sale of Tobacco Products
Within School Perimeters.
– The sale or distribution of tobacco products
is prohibited within one hundred (100) meters
from any point of the perimeter of a school,
public playground, or other facility
frequented particularly by minors.

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Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
Chapter 2, Article 5, Section 24 of this Act Smoking
inside a public building or an enclosed public place
including public vehicles and other means of
transport or in any enclosed area outside of one's
private residence, private place of f work or any
duly designated smoking area is hereby prohibited
under this Act.

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 It is a colorless bitter-tasting
substance that humans have been
consuming since the ancient times.
 It comes from plants that underwent
fermentation.

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1. ISOPROPYL
2. METHANOL
3. ETHANOL – is also called beverage
alcohol which comes from fruits and
grains.
are used in laboratories
and are poisonous and
fatal if taken.

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 Alcohol is considered as a drug
because it changes a person’s physical
and emotional state.
 Alcohol slows down the body system,
so it is a Depressant.

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 Irritates the mouth, throat, esophagus
and stomach.
 Makes the heart work harder
 Makes the body lose heat.
 Causes the liver to work harder.
 Causes dehydration.

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 Loss of balance and coordination.
 Impaired speech, hearing and vision.
 Lightheaded and very elated feeling.
 Intoxication, hangover, nausea.

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 INTOXICATION is physical and mental
changes that the body is experiencing
upon consuming alcohol. With the
first drink of alcohol, it begins to
affect your brain.

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 HANGOVER is a physical effect that gives
discomfort to humans who heavily
consumed alcohol.
 You get a hangover because the ethanol in
the drink caused increase urine production ,
leading to dehydration. Dehydration causes
headaches, fatigue, and dry mouth.

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 NAUSEA. Alcohol also irritates the
stomach lining, which can lead to
nausea. Nausea includes vomiting
and motion sickness.

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 BAC is the amount of alcohol that
has entered a person’s bloodstream
at certain duration.
 It is also called Blood-Alcohol Level
(BAL).

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 BAC is measured in percentages.
 0.3 to 0.5% BAC could lead to coma,
brain damages, and death.

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 A condition when a person heavily
consumes alcohol consistently
which results to numerous body
damages and malfunctions.

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 Is a non-communicable disease
which affects the arteries which
carries blood to the brain resulting
to brain damage.

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 A condition where the liver is
scarred due to heavy alcohol
consumption.

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 A condition where the liver is
being stored with fat from
alcohol.

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 A condition where alcohol is
consumed simultaneously with any
drug or medicine, causing
impairments in the physical and
mental functioning of the body.

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 A condition where a person needs more
alcohol to feel its organic effects.
 A condition where a person needs a
drug-like alcohol and cigarette in order
for the body to function normally.

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Activity 2:

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