The document discusses the phases of the health policy process: 1) agenda setting, 2) policy formation, 3) adoption, 4) implementation, 5) assessment, and 6) modification. It also analyzes each phase and discusses problem structuring, forecasting, recommendations, monitoring, and evaluation. Health policy can be influenced by interest groups, government, politics, and public health events or needs.

1. Health policy Week one
Health police if taken from the root meaning “demonstration of proof” (Harrington &
Estes 2008), It mean that health policy demonstrates how health police should establish
decisions, standards and Planning to achieve the optimum health care outcome. It is also a
plan of actions that health carepractitioners can use to make health care decision for thehealth
care of the citizens. It is a set of rules that govern the actions, believe and issues, that will
support health care executive to develop a consistent standard of care and protocol that are
uniform and point toward achieving the best health care outcome of the general population.
Healthpolicy is a complex process which can be influencedby various factors like
interest group, government, politic, negative outcome of some health issues or event, or due to
the need to protect the health of the general public.
Accordion to Harrington et al. (2008), the process to establish health care policy are carried out
in phases, and the each phase is further analyzed.
The phases are:
1. The agenda: Important stage of assortment of issues sees if they need to be formulated.
2. Policy formation: formulating of different policy to address the issue.
3. Policy adoption : stage where the alternate policy that are agreed upon are adopted
4. Policy implementation: stage of implementing polices that were adopted.
5. Policy Assessment: evaluating the policy to see if it is achieving the goal set
6. Policy Modification. Revising, updating and or elimination of the policy.

2. The analysis also is in phase
1. Problem structuring : analysis of information that resulted in the policy issue
2. Forecasting : Provide information about the future consequence of the policy
3. Recommendation : Provide facts about the adopted policy
4. Monitoring: following up with the policy and measuring the effect and outcome.
5. Evaluation: appraising the adopted policy to see if it is working.
6. Recommendations for policy modification:Supplying factual information need to
determine the status of the policy in the future.
Reference
Harrington, C. & Estes, C. (2008).Health Policy: Crisis and Reform in the U.S. Health Care
Delivery System 5the.d. Sudbury: Jones & Bartlett.

3. Comprehensive National Insurance
Steinmo & Watts identified three main reasons comprehensive health coverage has failed
to pass since more than 63 years ago, are, the political structure of the United States, institutional
bias, and blaming games. The political structure of the U.S.A give more power to interest group
and lobbyist to pursue their own interest and profit instead looking the provide what will be the
best interest of the majority of the American people. The institution is alsofragmented, that each
fragment are working against each other in any policy issue in other to score a political points,
Instead working to score point on issue that will help the general population.
They argue that the American political institutionsare biased against this type of reform,
and they do not believe that it will work. Secondly the design of the politicalstructure is created
to protect the minority rich population and not the majority of the hard working America. The
also had blame every president from Roosevelt to Clinton, of not have enough insight, rougher,
or smart or not the right time for America to have comprehensivenational health insurance
(NHI). They believed that the institutional structure contributesto the antigovernment attitudes so
often pragmatic among Americans.
I concord with steinmo et al,(2008) point of view, that the political structure and
institution design and bias are the reason why since the time of President Roosevelt up to
Clinton the congress failed to pass a comprehensive health care for the people. As a nurse I
seefirsthand the effect and the impact of lack of health care coverage on patients/families and the
effect of uninsured on, the operational cost of the hospital resulting to an escalating health care
cost. For those that argue that comprehensive health care coverage is need and not a priority, are
blind and in denial of the impact of not having a comprehensive NHI is doing to America

4. economy and the majority of the American people. America is the only developed country and
specially the world power, which do not have universal health insurance coverage for its people.
Thanks to the Universal health care reform Passed by President Obama and congress
which became law on March 23, 2010. So far the reform has made some impact by providing
some insurance coverage for American people.
Reference
Harrington, C. & Estes, C. (2008).Health Policy: Crisis and Reform in the U.S. Health Care
Delivery System 5the.d. Sudbury: Jones & Bartlett.
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