Healthcare crisis in u.s.
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The United States is facing a healthcare crisis. While the U.S. has advanced medical technology and research, the cost of healthcare and insurance is rising faster than inflation and is the number one reason for bankruptcies. The U.S. healthcare system ranks 26th in the world according to WHO fundamentals of cost, access, and outcomes. Many Americans support a single-payer system like other countries have to help reduce costs and ensure universal coverage. Potential solutions include introducing drug review boards, reducing drug company monopolies, and making health insurance mandatory.
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The document compares healthcare systems in several countries including Canada, France, Germany, the UK, and the US. Some key points of comparison are:
- Canada has a single-payer universal healthcare system funded through taxation. Each province administers its own plan.
- France has a hybrid public-private system where the government pays about 80% of costs and private insurance covers the rest.
- Germany has a social insurance model where citizens purchase insurance from nonprofit sickness funds based on income.
- The UK has a socialized system where the tax-funded National Health Service provides public coverage and options.
- The US has a mixed system with public options like Medicare/Medicaid and private insurance.
Universal Health Insurance Coverage in the United States
The document summarizes the current state of universal health insurance in the United States. It discusses the fragmented nature of today's health care system and statistics on the uninsured. Research studies show that a universal single-payer system could cover all Americans for less money by reducing administrative costs. The document also briefly reviews universal health care systems in other countries like the UK, Germany, Japan, and Canada. It concludes by suggesting a universal system may be more achievable in the US than commonly believed.
Health care (Public vs Private)
The document compares public and private health care systems around the world. It provides details on systems in countries like the UK, Mexico, Germany, Canada and the US. Public health care in Canada began in 1946 when Saskatchewan introduced free health care. Key acts in 1966 and 1984 further established Canada's national Medicare system. While Canada spends less per capita on health care than the US, it ranks higher in terms of quality and life expectancy.
Compare Contrast Example
This PowerPoint presentation will discuss what is working in a solid compare/contrast paper, and talk about a few things it could have done better.
UK US Healthcare Comparison
The US spends more on healthcare than any other country, reaching $2.7 trillion in 2011 or $8,680 per person, while UK spending was 142.8 billion pounds or 9.4% of GDP. In the US, most receive insurance through employers or private purchase, while 31% use public insurance and 16% are uninsured. In contrast, UK citizens receive universal public healthcare through taxation. While the US spends more, it has lower life expectancy and poorer health outcomes than other wealthy nations, including the UK which was rated as having the most efficient and cost-effective system. The data shows clear differences between the privately-run US system and the government-run UK system.
The History of Healthcare in the U.S.
The history of healthcare in the US shows rising costs over time and various attempts at reform. Early 1900s saw the rise of paid hospital care and surgery becoming common. The 1910s saw the beginnings of the health insurance movement despite opposition. In the 1930s, the Depression halted healthcare reforms despite Roosevelt's calls for reform. The 1940s saw the rise of employer provided health benefits and antibiotics. The 1960s saw Medicare and Medicaid passed under Johnson. Attempts at national healthcare failed under Nixon in the 1970s. By the 1990s, over 44 million Americans lacked health insurance, leading to the passage of Obamacare in 2010 in an effort to address rising costs and the uninsured.
The Evolution of Healthcare, or How Did We Get Here?
Brief history of health care delivery for Patients 2.0 session at Health 2.0, Santa Clara, CA, 9/2014
Comparative Health Systems
The document summarizes a presentation on comparing the US healthcare system to other countries. It begins with defining terms like OECD, healthcare systems, and analytic methods. It then discusses the evolution of healthcare systems in OECD countries after World War II, with European nations adopting universal coverage through national systems while the US relied on employer subsidies. The presentation outlines different healthcare models - National Health Service, National Health Insurance, and mixed private/public systems - and provides examples from countries like the UK, which has a National Health Service funded mainly through taxes.
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Healthcare slide show
The document compares healthcare systems in several countries including Canada, France, Germany, the UK, and the US. Some key points of comparison are:
- Canada has a single-payer universal healthcare system funded through taxation. Each province administers its own plan.
- France has a hybrid public-private system where the government pays about 80% of costs and private insurance covers the rest.
- Germany has a social insurance model where citizens purchase insurance from nonprofit sickness funds based on income.
- The UK has a socialized system where the tax-funded National Health Service provides public coverage and options.
- The US has a mixed system with public options like Medicare/Medicaid and private insurance.
Universal Health Insurance Coverage in the United States
The document summarizes the current state of universal health insurance in the United States. It discusses the fragmented nature of today's health care system and statistics on the uninsured. Research studies show that a universal single-payer system could cover all Americans for less money by reducing administrative costs. The document also briefly reviews universal health care systems in other countries like the UK, Germany, Japan, and Canada. It concludes by suggesting a universal system may be more achievable in the US than commonly believed.
Health care (Public vs Private)
The document compares public and private health care systems around the world. It provides details on systems in countries like the UK, Mexico, Germany, Canada and the US. Public health care in Canada began in 1946 when Saskatchewan introduced free health care. Key acts in 1966 and 1984 further established Canada's national Medicare system. While Canada spends less per capita on health care than the US, it ranks higher in terms of quality and life expectancy.
Compare Contrast Example
This PowerPoint presentation will discuss what is working in a solid compare/contrast paper, and talk about a few things it could have done better.
UK US Healthcare Comparison
The US spends more on healthcare than any other country, reaching $2.7 trillion in 2011 or $8,680 per person, while UK spending was 142.8 billion pounds or 9.4% of GDP. In the US, most receive insurance through employers or private purchase, while 31% use public insurance and 16% are uninsured. In contrast, UK citizens receive universal public healthcare through taxation. While the US spends more, it has lower life expectancy and poorer health outcomes than other wealthy nations, including the UK which was rated as having the most efficient and cost-effective system. The data shows clear differences between the privately-run US system and the government-run UK system.
The History of Healthcare in the U.S.
The history of healthcare in the US shows rising costs over time and various attempts at reform. Early 1900s saw the rise of paid hospital care and surgery becoming common. The 1910s saw the beginnings of the health insurance movement despite opposition. In the 1930s, the Depression halted healthcare reforms despite Roosevelt's calls for reform. The 1940s saw the rise of employer provided health benefits and antibiotics. The 1960s saw Medicare and Medicaid passed under Johnson. Attempts at national healthcare failed under Nixon in the 1970s. By the 1990s, over 44 million Americans lacked health insurance, leading to the passage of Obamacare in 2010 in an effort to address rising costs and the uninsured.
The Evolution of Healthcare, or How Did We Get Here?
Brief history of health care delivery for Patients 2.0 session at Health 2.0, Santa Clara, CA, 9/2014
Comparative Health Systems
The document summarizes a presentation on comparing the US healthcare system to other countries. It begins with defining terms like OECD, healthcare systems, and analytic methods. It then discusses the evolution of healthcare systems in OECD countries after World War II, with European nations adopting universal coverage through national systems while the US relied on employer subsidies. The presentation outlines different healthcare models - National Health Service, National Health Insurance, and mixed private/public systems - and provides examples from countries like the UK, which has a National Health Service funded mainly through taxes.
Us health care system
This presentation provides a history of the US healthcare system from the 1900s to the present. It discusses key events and legislation that shaped the system such as the establishment of organized medicine in the 1900s, the first health insurance program in 1929, Medicare and Medicaid in 1965, and the Affordable Care Act in 2010. The presentation also examines stakeholders, financial, legal, ethical and regulatory aspects of the current system.
Single Payer System
The document discusses single-payer healthcare systems and whether one could work in the U.S. It defines single-payer as a healthcare financing system with one source of money for providers. Examples given include Medicare and some country-wide systems. Pros listed are potential savings on administration costs and universal coverage. Cons discussed include the potential for government mispricing and significant changes required. Polls show most Americans favor reform but are split on solutions and tax increases. Overall the conclusion is that a single-payer system could increase access but faces strong political opposition and transition challenges.
Universal Health Care in the United States
The document discusses the current US healthcare system and theories of policy change. It analyzes how multiple problem streams, political conditions, and policy alternatives could converge to place healthcare reform on the policy agenda. Specifically, rising costs, decreased coverage, and poor outcomes have highlighted issues with the current system. Shifting public opinion and the upcoming presidential election may open a policy window to address universal healthcare.
Power,politics, and healthcare
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A Comparative Analysis Of The UK And US Health Care Systems
- Published a comparative review of health systems of the National Health Service in the United Kingdom and the varying approaches to health systems in the United States
- Developed research question, conducted interviews, utilized PubMed and similar research database systems, performed literature review, and prepared and submitted for publication
Compare and Contrast: US Health Care and the Netherlands Health Care
The document compares the health care systems of the United States and Netherlands. It finds that while government health care expenditures as a percentage of total spending are similar between the two countries, total per capita health care expenditures are much higher in the US. The standard coverage provided in the Netherlands includes broader benefits like access to general practitioners and dental for those under 18, while out-of-pocket costs for individuals are higher as a percentage of private spending. Both countries require residents to have health insurance and penalize those who do not comply.
Universal american healthcare
This presentation discusses the history and key aspects of universal healthcare in the United States. It covers major healthcare programs and reforms over time like Medicare, Medicaid, and the Affordable Care Act. Key points of the ACA are explained, such as the individual mandate, health insurance exchanges, Medicaid expansion, and new regulations for insurance companies. The presentation also addresses criticisms around the cost of universal coverage and impacts on taxpayers, employers, and immigrants.
Healthcare History Timeline from Annenberg Classroom
This timeline summarizes the major developments in the history of health care and health insurance in the United States from 1900 to 2010. It shows that organized medicine began taking shape in the early 1900s while the concept of health insurance was first promoted in 1912. The first modern health insurance plan was created in 1929 in Dallas, Texas. Major developments include the establishment of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965, the passage of the Affordable Care Act in 2010, and various attempts at health care reform throughout the 20th century.
U.S. Healthcare
This document discusses the need for reform of the American healthcare system. It notes that the current system has outrageous costs that prevent many Americans from receiving needed care. While costs have increased, quality of coverage has not. The best path forward is to compare other countries' efficient, quality healthcare systems and adopt beneficial elements. The document explores the history of healthcare in the US and key players like doctors, patients, and the government. It also lists questions on issues and potential solutions, and disagrees with the idea that socialized healthcare would reduce quality or increase costs.
Politics and Health Reform:Lessons From a Year in Washington, D.C.
This document summarizes the history of health reform efforts in the United States from the late 19th century to 2009. It discusses how a national health insurance system has been proposed since the 1880s but consistently opposed by groups like the AMA and insurance industry. The US now spends over twice as much per capita on healthcare as other OECD countries but has lower life expectancy and more administrative waste. Creating a universal, publicly financed system could reduce costs while improving access and outcomes.
Healthcare system of UK and comparison with Indian health system
This presentation highlights the healthcare system of UK and compare it with Indian healthcare system with the help of statistics.
Usa health care system
The USA healthcare system provides high quality care to patients with adequate insurance. These patients have access to advanced hospitals and highly skilled professionals. However, the system is also very expensive. Many rely on employment-provided insurance, government programs like Medicaid and Medicare, or private insurance. The US leads in medical innovation due to large public and private investments in research and development. But the uninsured can face high medical costs and even debt collection if they suffer from a serious illness or injury. The high cost of care, especially for drugs, is a major concern for patients, particularly the elderly who rely on Medicare.
Seminar 9 health care delivery system in united states of america
Health care organization
Health financing in US
Payment mechanism
Health expenditure
Human and physical recourses
Public health
Patient pathway into health care
Provision of services
ACA
US vs India Healthcare
Controlling health care cost essay
This document discusses approaches to controlling health care costs in the United States. It compares free market and socialized healthcare systems. A free market system leaves many uninsured and has high administrative costs, while socialized healthcare extends care to all citizens but may increase taxes and wait times. An analysis shows that US healthcare costs have risen much more sharply than in countries with single-payer systems like Canada, where administrative costs are about half of those in the US. Adopting aspects of more efficient single-payer systems could help control costs and improve health outcomes in the US.
US health care system overview 3
The document provides a historical overview of the U.S. healthcare system from preindustrial times to the present. It describes how healthcare progressed from a domestic practice with untrained physicians to the modern medical profession. Key developments included the establishment of medical schools and licensing, the rise of hospitals and health insurance, and the creation of Medicare and Medicaid to expand coverage. The U.S. system remains primarily private but with significant government financing and regulation.
Health policies in u.s.a
The United States health care system is a multi-payer system with both private and public insurance plans. About 62% of Americans receive health insurance through their employers, while 18% are uninsured. Major public programs include Medicare for the elderly and disabled, Medicaid for low-income individuals, and the State Children's Health Insurance Program. These programs are financed through taxes and premiums paid by individuals, businesses, and various levels of government. While the U.S. spends more on health care than any other country, many Americans remain uninsured, costs are very high, and the system ranked 37th globally in 2000. Recent health reform aims to expand coverage and regulate insurers.
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The document discusses universal health care systems in various developed nations. It provides details on the types of universal health care systems (single-payer, two-tier, insurance mandate), and gives examples and specifics of the systems in countries like the UK, Japan, Germany, Taiwan, and Switzerland. It also compares aspects of the Swiss and US health care systems, discussing pros and cons of the US adopting a universal system.
Single Payer Systems: Equity in Access to Care
Presentation by Lynn Blewett at "The True Workings of Single Payer Systems: Lessons or Warnings for U.S. Reform' conference sponsored by the Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law, May 10 2008.
The American Healthcare System a Brief Overview
The American healthcare system consists of four main players: patients who receive medical treatment, providers like doctors and nurses who deliver treatment, payers such as private insurance companies and government programs that reimburse for treatment, and public health organizations that monitor and promote population health. Understanding these four players can help simplify the extremely complex and ever-changing U.S. healthcare system.
The evolution of the health care system
The United States health care system has evolved from a tradition of local government responsibility for the poor to a mixed system with both public and private components. Key developments included the rise of hospitals and physicians in the late 19th century, the growth of private health insurance in the mid-20th century, and the creation of Medicare, Medicaid and managed care in the 1960s-1970s to address rising costs and access issues. However, debates continue around the appropriate role of government, consumers, providers and private industry in ensuring affordable, high quality health care for all Americans.
Absract-complete kidney
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) impacts kidney dialysis patients in several key ways. It prohibits denial of health insurance coverage due to preexisting conditions like kidney disease. It expands Medicaid eligibility and requires insurers to cover essential health benefits including dialysis. The ACA standardizes copays for dialysis patients based on income and sets reimbursement rates for dialysis facilities. It also aims to reduce overall healthcare costs while expanding access to coverage and care for chronic conditions like kidney failure treated through dialysis.
4.1 INTRODUCTION The United States of America
4.1 INTRODUCTION
The United States of America (USA) covers 3,717,727 square miles and is made up of 50 states
(Infoplease, 2010). The USA’s population in 2004 was 293,027,571 (U.S. Census, 2004). In 2010
the population reached over 307 million. The proportion of the population that is under 15 years
old in the United States (U.S.) is 21%, and the over-60 population proportion is 16% (UNO,
2004). Slightly more than 12.4% of the population were 65 years and older of which 1,557,800
(4.5%) were living in nursing homes (U.S. Census, 2010). The primary languages spoken in the
United States are English and Spanish. The largest ethnic groups are European American (75%).
African American and Latino groups each constitute approximately one-eighth of the population.
The largest religious groups are Protestant (over 50%) and Roman Catholic (25%).
The United States is the largest, most powerful nation in the industrialized (developed) world, and
it has a high literacy rate. However, in 2006, while it led the world in healthcare spending per
capita, it ranked 39th for infant mortality, 43rd for adult female mortality, 42nd for adult male
mortality, and 36th in life expectancy, earning an overall ranking of 37th in the industrialized world
in healthcare performance (Murray & Frenk, 2010, p. 1). Life expectancy in the United States is 80
years of age for European American women, 75.9 for African American women, 75.3 for
European American men, and 68.9 for African American men. The life expectancy rate for the
United States is among the lowest for the industrialized world, and infant mortality is among the
highest. Americans consider quality, affordable health care a birthright, an expectation. Yet, unlike
other world powers, the U.S. government plays a small role in ensuring that everyone has equal
access to quality health care and services.
Although the United States is envied for its wealth, high technological capabilities, and research
savvy, historically it has not kept pace with other industrialized nations in the area of healthcare
delivery. This is reflected by its poor outcomes in infant mortality and life expectancy. The
healthcare system is also overwhelmed by disparities and inequities in care and lack of access
(except for the most aff ...
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Single Payer System
The document discusses single-payer healthcare systems and whether one could work in the U.S. It defines single-payer as a healthcare financing system with one source of money for providers. Examples given include Medicare and some country-wide systems. Pros listed are potential savings on administration costs and universal coverage. Cons discussed include the potential for government mispricing and significant changes required. Polls show most Americans favor reform but are split on solutions and tax increases. Overall the conclusion is that a single-payer system could increase access but faces strong political opposition and transition challenges.
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Compare and Contrast: US Health Care and the Netherlands Health Care
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This timeline summarizes the major developments in the history of health care and health insurance in the United States from 1900 to 2010. It shows that organized medicine began taking shape in the early 1900s while the concept of health insurance was first promoted in 1912. The first modern health insurance plan was created in 1929 in Dallas, Texas. Major developments include the establishment of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965, the passage of the Affordable Care Act in 2010, and various attempts at health care reform throughout the 20th century.
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This document discusses the need for reform of the American healthcare system. It notes that the current system has outrageous costs that prevent many Americans from receiving needed care. While costs have increased, quality of coverage has not. The best path forward is to compare other countries' efficient, quality healthcare systems and adopt beneficial elements. The document explores the history of healthcare in the US and key players like doctors, patients, and the government. It also lists questions on issues and potential solutions, and disagrees with the idea that socialized healthcare would reduce quality or increase costs.
Politics and Health Reform:Lessons From a Year in Washington, D.C.
This document summarizes the history of health reform efforts in the United States from the late 19th century to 2009. It discusses how a national health insurance system has been proposed since the 1880s but consistently opposed by groups like the AMA and insurance industry. The US now spends over twice as much per capita on healthcare as other OECD countries but has lower life expectancy and more administrative waste. Creating a universal, publicly financed system could reduce costs while improving access and outcomes.
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This presentation highlights the healthcare system of UK and compare it with Indian healthcare system with the help of statistics.
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The USA healthcare system provides high quality care to patients with adequate insurance. These patients have access to advanced hospitals and highly skilled professionals. However, the system is also very expensive. Many rely on employment-provided insurance, government programs like Medicaid and Medicare, or private insurance. The US leads in medical innovation due to large public and private investments in research and development. But the uninsured can face high medical costs and even debt collection if they suffer from a serious illness or injury. The high cost of care, especially for drugs, is a major concern for patients, particularly the elderly who rely on Medicare.
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The document provides a historical overview of the U.S. healthcare system from preindustrial times to the present. It describes how healthcare progressed from a domestic practice with untrained physicians to the modern medical profession. Key developments included the establishment of medical schools and licensing, the rise of hospitals and health insurance, and the creation of Medicare and Medicaid to expand coverage. The U.S. system remains primarily private but with significant government financing and regulation.
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4.1 INTRODUCTION The United States of America
4.1 INTRODUCTION
The United States of America (USA) covers 3,717,727 square miles and is made up of 50 states
(Infoplease, 2010). The USA’s population in 2004 was 293,027,571 (U.S. Census, 2004). In 2010
the population reached over 307 million. The proportion of the population that is under 15 years
old in the United States (U.S.) is 21%, and the over-60 population proportion is 16% (UNO,
2004). Slightly more than 12.4% of the population were 65 years and older of which 1,557,800
(4.5%) were living in nursing homes (U.S. Census, 2010). The primary languages spoken in the
United States are English and Spanish. The largest ethnic groups are European American (75%).
African American and Latino groups each constitute approximately one-eighth of the population.
The largest religious groups are Protestant (over 50%) and Roman Catholic (25%).
The United States is the largest, most powerful nation in the industrialized (developed) world, and
it has a high literacy rate. However, in 2006, while it led the world in healthcare spending per
capita, it ranked 39th for infant mortality, 43rd for adult female mortality, 42nd for adult male
mortality, and 36th in life expectancy, earning an overall ranking of 37th in the industrialized world
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United States is among the lowest for the industrialized world, and infant mortality is among the
highest. Americans consider quality, affordable health care a birthright, an expectation. Yet, unlike
other world powers, the U.S. government plays a small role in ensuring that everyone has equal
access to quality health care and services.
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PUH 5301, Public Health Concepts 1 Course Learning.docx
PUH 5301, Public Health Concepts 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit VIII
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Assess current public health developments in the community.
2. Analyze key public health concepts and principles.
3. Discuss the different public health disciplines’ impact on population health.
4. Explain the role of government regarding public health practice and policy.
5. Evaluate the impact of social determinants of health on population health.
5.1 Identify ways to reduce medical costs in your community.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
1 Unit VIII Reflection Paper
2 Unit VIII Reflection Paper
3 Unit VIII Reflection Paper
4
Unit Lesson
Chapter 26: Is the Medical Care System a Public Health Issue?
Unit VIII Reflection Paper
5.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 27: Why the U.S. Medical System Needs Reform
Unit VIII Reflection Paper
Reading Assignment
Chapter 26: Is the Medical Care System a Public Health Issue?
Chapter 27: Why the U.S. Medical System Needs Reform
Unit Lesson
Balancing Public Health and the Medical System
Medicine is a crucial part of public health in that individuals are taken care of as opposed to the community in
general. For example, public health officials could educate the community about immunizations and wellness
exams to avoid chronic diseases, but it is up to the individual to use that education and visit his or her
physician.
Medical care is expensive, and the costs have risen over time in the United States. More money is spent
every year on medical bills than public health preventive measures. There is always the debate of who is
superior in the health sector—medical care or public health measures (Schneider, 2017). The government, in
this situation, makes it a point of duty to set boundaries, discipline unethical behavior, and establish
standards. While public health is important, the government needs to safeguard individuals’ privacy as well as
religious and personal beliefs while healthcare providers are providing good care for their patients without
being biased or providing improper diagnoses.
UNIT VIII STUDY GUIDE
The Healthcare System
PUH 5301, Public Health Concepts 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Certain types of medical care are necessary for the community’s overall health, including the prevention and
treatment of infectious diseases. Public health officials try to contain certain infectious diseases by providing
immunization programs and free medical treatments or testing for those without insurance.
Another way public health officials try to be responsible for medical care is through emergency services. In
the late 1960s, the federal government encouraged communities to provide emergency care through the
assistance of public health officials, particularly in the wake of the Highway Safety Act of 1966 where it was
necessary to get immediate care (Schneider, ...
ASSIGNMENT 1 HSA500
The document summarizes the historical transition and growth of the U.S. health care system from the 19th century to present day. It discusses key milestones like the establishment of private health insurance in the 1930s and government programs Medicare and Medicaid in 1965. Major changes included the rise of HMOs in the 1980s and an increased focus on preventative care and reducing costs. The paper also examines challenges facing the system like an aging population as baby boomers require more care and changing demographics bringing new diseases. Financing and technology are seen as important factors enabling advancement, but affordability remains a challenge given high expenditures in the U.S. system.
The On Health Care Reform
The document discusses health care reform in the United States and Canada. It explains that the development of health insurance in the two countries started to diverge, with Canada adopting a universal health care system while the US maintained a private system. The US has struggled to pass significant reform due to political obstacles, while Canada implemented a system of public administration and universal access. The document analyzes the different societal and political factors that influenced the diverging paths each country took with health care reform and policy.
The History of Medicare
Medicare was created in 1965 to provide health insurance to older Americans. It has since expanded to cover those with disabilities. The document discusses key events and reforms in Medicare's history including the introduction of HMOs, DRG payments, new benefits like prescription drug coverage, and more recent policies focused on quality and cost-effectiveness such as ACOs, value-based purchasing, and electronic health records. Overall, Medicare has evolved significantly over the decades but maintains its central goal of ensuring healthcare access for millions of Americans.
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PUH 5301, Public Health Concepts 1 Course Learning.docx
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Healthcare crisis in u.s.
- 1. Healthcare Crisis in United States BY TALWINDERJIT SINGH
- 2. Introduction Basically healthcare is a part of life and should be a right. 60% of Americans believe in the policy of single payer system as other nations have. Most of the population are on the side which assumes healthcare as the responsibility of government. Example.
- 3. Healthcare Crisis (Timeline) During the 18th century, people were highly dependent on home remedies. In 1765, to improve the medical treatments in America, University of Pennsylvania opened a new school for medical science. In 1847, American Medical Association (AMA) was established by the union of doctors to regulate the practice of medicine and drugs. In the leadership of Theodore Roosevelt, in 1906 the labor union in U.S. named American Association of Labor Legislation (AALL) started campaign for health insurance. In early 20th century, first medical insurance company named Blue Cross.
- 4. Timeline continued.. After 1930, the focus changed from stabilizing income to financing medical costs. Hospital Survey and Construction Act. (1946) was passed to give funds through federal grants to hospitals for construction and modernization. In 1965, ‘Medicare’ under Title XVIII was an amendment in the law of Social Security Act to cover people over 65 years and disabled people under insurance. Medicaid (1965) was also an amendment in Social Security Act for providing assistance to the poor population of America.
- 5. Timeline continued… Health Maintenance Organization Act (HMO) (1973) was enacted to make ease avail and accessible healthcare by the way of financial help by federal government and making mandatory for employers to offer HMO options to their employees. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Obamacare), 2010 was the government act to ensure the healthcare coverage of all Americans and to reduce the burden of medical bills on American population.
- 6. What’s right? Prompt emergency care. Finest healthcare system. Advanced medical technology. Research and development of U.S. Waiting time is less. Incentives to pharmaceutical companies to encourage them for developing new drugs. High survival rates from cancer and chronic diseases.
- 8. What’s wrong? WHO fundamentals (cost, good health, responsiveness, fairness in financing, access to healthcare and satisfaction with the healthcare system ) and U.S. ranked 26th. . Cost of healthcare and insurance is rising faster than inflation. Number 1 reason for bankruptcies in U.S. Trend of ‘defensive medicine’ is rising. High cost of prescription drugs.
- 9. According to Commonwealth report (2011), where fundamentals were (quality, access, efficiency, equity and healthy lives. (Davis, K., Stremikis, K., Squires, D., Schoen, C. 2014).
- 10. According to study conducted by ABC News, Kaiser Family Foundation and USA Today, (2006).
- 11. Solutions/ recommendations Single payer. Introducing drug review boards. Reducing length of monopolies to pharmaceutical companies. Mandatory health insurance. Limited number of insurers should be allowed to operate.
- 12. Why not free? Federal government restricts Medicare to negotiate with pharmaceutical companies. Taxes are already too high. Uninsured population is large. For the sake of research and development U.S. allows pharmaceutical industry to make money. Lack of drug review boards.
- 13. International perspective Basically, government of other nations interfere in healthcare system and try to keep the costs low. New Zealand follows policies like nationally negotiated rates of drugs, cost-effective reviews for new drugs. Universal coverage. Germany have multi-payer healthcare system which allows both public and private insurers to operate the healthcare. Low administration cost in other developed nations. In France and Japan, they have common fee schedule.
- 14. HHS Strategic Plan 2014-2018 strengthening health care. Advancement in scientific knowledge and innovation. Advancement of health status, safety concerns, and well being of America. And ensuring efficiency, transparency, accountability and effectiveness of Health & Human Services (HHS).
- 15. Thank you