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- 2. Hazard Communication (1910.1200)Hazard Communication (1910.1200) Cited in ConstructionCited in Construction 196 91 63 57 49 1200(e)(1) 1200(h)(1) 1200(g)(1) 1200(h) 1200(g)(8) Written program Information & training MSDS’s readily accessible Training initially & for new hazards Material Safety Data Sheets Standard:1910.
- 3. Chemicals Common toChemicals Common to Construction Work SitesConstruction Work Sites • Acetone Cutting oil • Acetylene gas Adhesives • Diesel gas or diesel oil Aggregate • Aluminum etching agent Enamel • Ammonia Etching agents • Anti-freeze Ethyl alcohol • Arsenic compounds Explosives • Fiberglass, mineral wool Asphalt (Petroleum) • Bleaching agents Galvanized junction boxes/outlets • Caulking, sealant agents Glues • Cleaners Grouts • Cleaning agents Gypsum (calcium sulfate) • Kerosene Photogravure ink (copy machine ink) • Lime (calcium oxide) Pipe threading oil • Masonry material Putty • Metal conduit PVC pipe cement • Mortar Roofing felts (asbestos/tarred, etc.) • Motor oil additives Shellac • Muriatic acid Thinner/ solvents • Oxygen Varnishes • Paint remover Wood alcohol
- 4. Hazard CommunicationHazard Communication Basic ElementsBasic Elements • Develop a Written Program • Maintain MSDS • Ensure Proper Labeling • Implement Employee Training
- 5. Hazard CommunicationHazard Communication Written ProgramWritten Program • Specific for each work place • Assign responsibility for tasks • Must include a chemical inventory • An example is in the Federal Register
- 6. Hazard CommunicationHazard Communication MSDS RequirementsMSDS Requirements • Supplied by manufacturer/distributor • Have on hand for each hazardous chemical • Must be accessible to affected employees • No standardized format
- 7. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETSMATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS SECTION CONTENTS I Product Identity II Hazardous Ingredients III Physical/Chemical Characteristics IV Fire/Explosion/Physical Hazard Data V Reactivity Data VI Health Hazards Data VII Precautions for Safe Handling and Use VIII Control Measures/Protection Information IX Additional Information
- 8. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION • Workers must: – Have access to MSDS sheets – Understand how to read the MSDS – Be familiar with the HAZCOM program for your facility
- 9. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION Properly LabeledProperly Labeled • Identity of the Material • Appropriate Hazard Warnings • Label must be in English
- 10. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION • Labeling – The label says windshield washer fluid – This container held a black, oily substance
- 11. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION • Unlabeled containers can result in: – Costly fines – Incorrect use of the chemical – Employee injury – Facility fires – Even death!
- 12. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION • This container was found beneath a job trailer. • It is unlabeled • Is it flammable? • Is it releasing vapors or toxins?
- 13. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION • What is CDC-10? • Other bottles are correctly labeled.
- 14. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION • If the manufacturer has labeled the container and includes the warnings you don’t have to re-label the container
- 15. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION • Take the time to label all containers of hazardous chemicals • Use the MSDS as a guide for labeling
- 16. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION RATING SYSTEMSRATING SYSTEMS THREE SYSTEMS • NFPA • National Fire Protection Association • DOT • Department of Transportation • HMIS •Hazardous Material Identification System
- 17. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION • This is the HMIS Label • The hazard is rated from highest (4) to lowest (0). • Use the equipment specified to protect yourself from hazards
- 18. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION • The NFPA 704 label • Degree of hazards from 0 to 4 • Look for hazards to: • Health • Fire • Reactivity • Specific Hazards
- 19. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION • The DOT labels • 9 hazardous classes • Same as placards on vehicles carrying HazMat.
- 20. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION Employee TrainingEmployee Training • Required by 29 CFR 1910.1200 • Accessibility of MSDS, chemical inventory and written program • Specifics of the hazardous chemicals in the work area • Performance based evaluation
- 21. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION OSHA ExpectationsOSHA Expectations • Employees must be aware of their exposure to hazardous chemicals • Employees must know how to read and use the MSDS AND the labels • Employees must follow appropriate protective measures • Performance based evaluation!
- 22. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION Employees must know:Employees must know: • Physical and health hazards • Means to detect presence or release of hazardous chemicals • Emergency procedures, SOP, PPE • Explanation of your labeling system
- 23. • ABSORPTION • INGESTION • INHALATION • INJECTION HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION Routes of entryRoutes of entry (How this stuff gets into you(How this stuff gets into you!)!)
- 24. HAZARD COMMUNICATIONHAZARD COMMUNICATION Effects of exposureEffects of exposure • Acute • You become ill in a short amount of time, sometimes immediately • Chronic • The chemical builds up in your system over time until it overloads your filtering mechanism • Chemicals target organs such as eyes, liver or kidney over a period of time
- 25. American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists: Exposure LimitsExposure Limits • Threshold Limit Values (TLV) (Respiratory) • Biological Exposure Indices (BEI). (Dermal) • 8 Hour Time Weighted Averages (TWA) • How much a worker can be exposed to in an 8 Hour shift for entire worklife. • Published annually by ACGIH • Provides Exposure Levels. • Legally Enforceable
- 26. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): Exposure LimitsExposure Limits • Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL’s) • Found in 29 CFR 1910.1000 (The “Z” Tables) • Establishes OSHA’s Exposure Levels • Legally Enforceable
- 27. National Institute for Occupational Safety And Health (NIOSH): Exposure LimitsExposure Limits • Recommended Exposure Limits (REL’s) • Used to Develop New OSHA Standards • Found in: “NIOSH Recommendations for Occupational Health Standards”
- 28. MSDS TermsMSDS Terms • Specific Gravity • A ratio of weight of a substance to an equal weight of water. (Water being = one) • If the ratio is less than one they will float • Solubility • The percentage of a substance that will dissolve in water at room temperature. • This determines how well a material will mix in water. (Water soluble materials can be absorbed through the skin)
- 29. MSDS TermsMSDS Terms Hazardous Material • Ignitability Flammable or combustible. • Flash point < 140 degrees • Reactivity Reacts with other materials. • Unstable, hypergolic • Corrosivity Deteriorates other substances. • Ph of < 2 or > 12.5 • Toxicity Harmful to living things. •As listed in Z tables or ?
- 30. MSDS TermsMSDS Terms • Upper Flammable Limit (UFL) • Also called Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) • Concentrations above this level are too rich to burn • Lower Flammable Limit (LFL) • Also called Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) • Concentrations below this level are too lean to burn
- 31. MSDS TermsMSDS Terms • Vapor Pressure • The pressure that a vapor exerts above its own liquid. (This can tell how quickly a substance becomes airborne in the workplace) • Vapor Density • The weight of a vapor/gas compared to air. (Will the vapor rise or fall in the atmosphere?)
- 32. MSDS TermsMSDS Terms • Flash Point • The lowest temperature that a substance produces enough vapor to flash and continue to burn • Evaporation Rate • The rate at which a substance vaporizes. • Greater than 3 is fast • Less than 0.8 is slow • The faster a substance evaporates, the quicker it will be in the air for you to breathe
- 33. MSDS TermsMSDS Terms • Melting Point • The temperature above which a solid becomes a liquid • Boiling Point • The temperature at which a liquid or solid becomes vapor • Store materials below their boiling point
- 34. MSDS TermsMSDS Terms • Oxidizer • A compound that releases oxygen during a chemical reaction or fire • This oxygen release feeds the fire • Polymerization • A chemical reaction in which two substances combine to form a third substance and generates heat
- 35. SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDSSPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS Gases • Used in a Compressed Form • Can Effect All Routes of Entry Vapors • The evaporation of liquids or solids • Amount of vapor depends on •Exposed surface area •Temperature •Vapor pressure of chemical
- 36. Fumes • Metallic • Formed by Welding, Cutting, or Brazing • Extremely Hazardous to Inhale Particulates • Composed of particles that are suspended in Air • Dust, Mists, or Smokes • Can create explosive or hazardous atmosphere SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDSSPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS
- 37. SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDSSPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS TERATOGEN: (Latin - “The Study of Monsters”) • AFFECTS IN ANIMALS: – Quinine – Boric Acid – Insecticides – Pesticides – Chloroform – Carbon Tetrachloride – Benzene – Xylene – Propylene Glycol • AFFECTS IN HUMANS: – Anesthetic Gases – Organic Mercury Compounds – Ionizing Radiation – German Measles – Thalidomide
- 38. SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDSSPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS • Mutagenic: • Causes Mutation in the Genetic Code • Can Cause Changes in Chromosomes •Hydrogen Peroxide (a Bleaching Agent) •Ethyleneimine (Alkylating Agent) •Ethylene Oxide (Hospital Sterilant) •Hydrazine (Used in Rocket Fuel) •Ionizing Radiation Exposure •Benzene
- 39. •Carcinogenic •Can Cause Cancer •Can Cause or Accelerate Tumors - Acrylimide -Beryllium - Nickel Sulfide - Acrylonitrile - Calcium Chromate - Tetranitromethane - 4-Aminodiphenyl - Chromium (Vi) - O-Tolidine - Arsenic - Ethylene Dichloride - Vinyl Bromide - Benzine - Ethylene Oxide - Xylidine - Benzidine - Lead Chromate - Zinc Chromates SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDSSPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS
- 40. PERSONAL PROTECTIVEPERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT • PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT • Review the Material Safety Data Sheet • Questions? Check with your supervisor
Editor's Notes
- Welcome the the Hazard Communication Portion of the Outreach Program for Construction!
- In the construction industry we work with all sorts of chemicals to build American. Often we don’t even realize that these chemicals are dangerous. This is a short list of some of the common chemicals that are used on construction sites. If you are using any of these chemicals you need to have a hazard communication program and an MSDS for each of the chemicals.
- In order to comply with OSHA there are basically four things you need to do. You need to have a written plan that explains how you communicate chemical hazards to your employees and your subcontractors. You need to keep a copy of the MSDS for each hazardous chemical on your site and all of your containers should be labeled to let folks know what is in them. And your employees must be trained. All of them!
- Your program must be written for the work area in which it is going to be used, so the corporate plan written in Los Angeles will not be as specific as you need it to be when you get to your job site in Reno. OSHA expects that your site specific plan will assign responsibilities for your team, such as who is responsible to get the MSDS when a new product is brought onto the site, or who on the site is responsible for keeping the plan current. Your plan must also contain an inventory of all the hazardous chemicals that you use on that site.
- The Material Safety Data Sheet is a key player in this program. They are created by the manufacturer of the chemical and supplied when the chemical is purchased. Sometimes you have to ask for the MSDS when you purchase something at the hardware store, so explain that you are going to use the chemical in a work setting and that you need the MSDS that goes along with it. You are required to have an MSDS for each hazardous chemical that you have on the job site and they must be accessible to the workers who are exposed to the chemicals. They contain a lot of information, but the information doesn’t have to be in any particular order.
- This is a list of the information that OSHA requires on an MSDS. (go over the information)
- Some companies use a hazcom kit, like the one shown here to make sure that they have hazcom under control. They put all the MSDS sheetsin the binder, there are instructions on how to read the MSDS in the kit, along with labeling instructions and a copy of the site hazcom program. This is a performance based regulation, so workers must understand the program and how to read the labels and MSDS’s.
- Each container of hazardous chemicals must be labeled with the name of the material and the appropriate hazard warning, such as fire or health hazard. And the labels must be in English! If you have non-english speaking people working for you, you may have to translate for them. Pictographs on labels will allow them to know the danger as well.
- Don’t let unlabeled or mislabeled containers sneak up on you. Here you can see that someone has put some oil or other liquid in a container that used to hold windshield washer fluid. This could cost the company up to $7,000! Make sure that everyone knows the rules and that they are all following them.
- These photo’s show other unlabeled containers that are commonly found during inspections. These result in fines and also in the wrong chemical being used for the job. In some cases equipment has been destroyed when a worker used the wrong type of fluid. Imagine putting brake fluid in an oil system!
- This unlabeled container was found sitting under the job shack. The top wasn’t sealed and a vapor was being given off. We never found out what the chemical was. It had been stashed there by a sub-contractor!!
- Often workers will label a bottle with a nickname. Supergoo or wonderoil… In this case a worker labeled it CDC-10. The name probably meant something to the worker who labeled it, but when we asked the other 300 people on the job site, and the supervisors, and looked in the MSDS book, we couldn’t find out what it was.
- When the manufacturer labels the material at the plant, you don’t have to relabel it!
- You only have to label bottles that have been refilled with a hazardous chemical. These sticky labels are available at safety supply stores and it only takes a few moments to put the necessary information on them with a permanent marker. Remember… Permanent marker.. Not a water based marker…
- OSHA recognizes these two hazard rating systems that have become a standard across the industry. The NFPA is based on fire safety and the HMIS is based more on health safety, but either one works fine and they are so very close to each other that it is difficult tell the difference. Just make sure that your workers know how to use the system. It doesn’t matter which one your select.
- This is an example of a hazard communication label. Note that the colors match the area of hazard in all labeling systems. For Example, Blue indicates a health hazard, Red indicates a Flammability hazard, Yellow indicates a hazard when combined with other chemicals. This type of label also indicates what type of protective equipment is needed to safety work with the material in the container.
- This label is based on the NFPA system. Note that both label systems use color to identify hazards. Regardless of what type of label you use, the intent is to get the warning across to the exposed workers. Colors that are universally accepted helped to accomplish this, as does a numbering system that is consistent throughout your work area. Cultural Diversity is affecting the workplace and we often find people who do not speak English working in our area. The requirement of the regulation is to inform these workers about the hazards that they are exposed to. Colors and numbers are fairly universal, as are Icons and pictograms. If you saw a skull and crossbones on a container, but everything else was in Korean... You’d probably realize that this container held something that you did not want to mess around with!
- This label is based on the NFPA system. Note that both label systems use color to identify hazards. Regardless of what type of label you use, the intent is to get the warning across to the exposed workers. Colors that are universally accepted helped to accomplish this, as does a numbering system that is consistent throughout your work area. Cultural Diversity is affecting the workplace and we often find people who do not speak English working in our area. The requirement of the regulation is to inform these workers about the hazards that they are exposed to. Colors and numbers are fairly universal, as are Icons and pictograms. If you saw a skull and crossbones on a container, but everything else was in Korean... You’d probably realize that this container held something that you did not want to mess around with!
- Your employees must be trained in Hazard Communication as well. They must know where the MSDS’s are kept, what is in the chemical inventory and understand the written program. They are expected to know the specific rules about the chemicals that they are using in their job area. What type of PPE is required, what is it called,what happens when it gets spilled and how to clean it up. And this evaluation is performance based, so simply having a certificate of completion for training isn’t going to be enough.
- OSHA expects that your workers be trained on the hazardous chemicals that they work with and that they know how to respond to a chemical exposure in the workplace. Make sure that they understand how to read the MSDS sheets and labels. Remember that this evaluation is performance based. Your employees should be prepared to respond to a questions such as “If you spilled this chemical on your skin, what would happen and what would you do?” from a compliance officer.
- Workers must understand the physical and health hazards associated with the chemicals and how to detect their presence. Some chemicals have an odor or a color that can be detected. They also need to know what emergency procedures you use in your plant in the event of a spill. And they must know what type of labeling system you are using, the NFPA system, the HMIS system or another similar labeling system.
- There are four main methods that chemicals can enter the body. They can be inhaled, swallowed, absorbed through the skin and they can be injected into the body when workers are using high pressure lines.
- Once exposed to the chemical the effects of the exposure could occur rapidly, the worker gets sick at once. This is called an acute exposure. If the worker gets sick after repeated exposure and it builds up over time, that is known as a chronic exposure.
- Industrial Hygienists are the scientific people who help OSHA determine how much of a chemical workers can be exposed to. Every year they publish exposure levels depending on the amount of research done in that area. OSHA does its best to determine the amount of chemical that a worker can be exposed to in an 8 hour shift. They develop a Time weighted Average so that if the worker is exposed to a lot of the chemical in his first hour, then none of the chemical for the next three hours, then a mild dose in the third hour, the employer can determine if there is a hazard to the employee.
- OSHA has published in the regulations a list of Chemicals and the amounts that a worker can be exposed to in an 8 hour day. These limits are known as the Permissible Exposure Limit and is found in the Z tables of the regulation.
- NIOSH also gets into the act and helps determine the recommended exposure limits to help OSHA determine chemical hazard standards.
- Instructor: Go over these definitions with the students
- Instructor: Go over these definitions with the students
- Instructor: Go over these definitions with the students
- Instructor: Go over these definitions with the students
- Instructor: Go over these definitions with the students
- Instructor: Go over these definitions with the students
- Instructor: Go over these definitions with the students
- Instructor: Go over these definitions with the students
- Instructor: Go over these definitions with the students
- Instructor: Go over these definitions with the students
- Instructor: Go over these definitions with the students
- Instructor: Go over these definitions with the students
- Remember to analyze the hazards of the chemicals you are using. Determine what they of protective equipment can be used to keep your workers safe and make sure that the workers receive this equipments. Then strictly enforce the use of PPE!!