This document discusses principles of hazard and risk management. It covers key topics like quality risk management principles, workplace hazard identification and controls, risk assessment processes, emergency response roles, and water quality measurement techniques like BOD and COD. The document provides overview information on various aspects of hazard and risk analysis and management across industries like healthcare and environmental protection.

1. HAZARD AND RISK
MANAGEMENT
Nikita B Amane.
M.Pharm

2. INTRODUCTION
Risk management principles are effectively
utilized in many areas of business and government
including finance, insurance, occupational safety,
public health, pharmacovegilance, and by agencies
regulating these industries.

3. PRINCIPLE
PRINCIPLES OF QUALITY RISK MANAGEMENT
Two primary principles of quality risk management are:
• The evaluation of the risk to quality should be based on
scientific knowledge and ultimately link to the protection of the
patient; and
• The level of effort, formality and documentation of the
quality risk management process should be commensurate with the
level of risk.

4. SELF- PROTECTIVE MEASURES AGAINST
WORKPLACE HAZARDS
• Developing the program.
• Reporting hazards and developing solutions that
improve safety and health.
• Analyzing hazards in each step of routine and non-routine
jobs, tasks, and processes.
• Defining/documenting safe work practices.
• Conducting site inspections.
• Developing and revising safety procedures.
• Participating in incident and close call/near miss
investigations.
• Serving as trainers for current coworkers and new hires.
• Developing, implementing, and evaluating training
programs.

5. CRITICAL TRAINING FOR RISK
MANAGEMENT
Critical Employee Training
1.Develop comprehensive training courses
2.Monitor participation in training
3.Assess training effectiveness and
continuously improve.

6. Process Of Hazards Management

7. PROCESS OF HAZARDS MANAGEMENT
Step 1: Identification
Step 2: Risk Assessment
Step 3: Controls
1. Eliminate
2. Isolate
3. Minimize
Step 4: Monitor and Review

8. ICH GUIDELINES ON RISK ASSESSMENT AND
RISK MANAGEMENT METHODS AND TOOLS
QUALITY RISK MANAGEMENT Q9
This Guideline has been developed by the
appropriate ICH Expert Working Group and has been
subject to consultation by the regulatory parties, in
accordance with the ICH Process.

9. Risk Assessment Risk assessment consists of the
identification of hazards and the analysis and evaluation
of risks associated with exposure to those hazards (as
defined below). Quality risk assessments begin with a
well-defined problem description or risk question.
RISK ASSESSMENT

10. RISK MANAGEMENT METHODS AND TOOLS
• Basic risk management facilitation methods
(flowcharts, check sheets etc.)
• Failure Mode Effects Analysis (FMEA)
• Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis
(FMECA)
• Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)
• Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points
(HACCP)
• Hazard Operability Analysis (HAZOP)
• Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA)
• Risk ranking and filtering
• Supporting statistical tools.

11. FACTORY ACT AND RULES
40. Safety of buildings and machinery
40A. Maintenance of buildings.
40B. Safety Officers.
CHAPTER IV-A PROVISIONS RELATING TO HAZARDOUS
PROCESSES
41. Power to make rule to supplement this Chapter
41A. Constitution of Site Appraisal Committees.
41B. Compulsory disclosure of information by the
occupier.
41C. Specific responsibility of the occupier in relation to
hazardous processes.
41D. Power of Central Government to appoint Inquiry
Committee.
41E. Emergency standards.
41F. Permissible limits of exposure of chemical and toxic
substances.
41G. Workers' participation in safety management.
41H. Right of workers to warn about imminent danger.

12. FUNDAMENTALS OF ACCIDENT
PREVENTIONS
Three essential ingredients in any Organization.
MAN,
MACHINE
MATERIAL
These form three angle of a triangle with
Management at center to control them.
It is essential that this triangle is an equilateral
triangle, maintaining the essential equilibrium.

14. CONTINUED…..
Injury is the result of completion of 5 dominos
1. Social Environment.
2. Fault of the person
3. Unsafe Action / Unsafe Condition
4. Accident
5. Injury
What is accident ?
An unintended, unplanned event which has the
potential to cause harm or injury.
An incident which causes harm or has
potential to do so.

15. HOW ACCIDENTS OCCUR

16. CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

17. CONTINUED…..

18. ELEMENTS OF SAFETY PROGRAMME AND
SAFETY MANAGEMENT.

20. PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS OF
EFFLUENTS

21. BOD: BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND
Biological oxygen demand (BOD), also known as biochemical
oxygen demand, is a bioassay procedure that measures the
dissolved oxygen (DO) consumed by bacteria from the
decomposition of organic matter.

22. WHY MEASURE BOD?
Biological oxygen demand is an important water
quality parameter because it greatly influences the
concentration of DO that will be in the water.
The Q-value curve for BOD used in calculating a
water quality index2 illustrates the relationship between
BOD and water quality—the higher the BOD, the lower
the water quality, with 0 to 2 mg/L being associated with
high water quality and values greater than 10 mg/L being
associated with low water quality (refer to the BOD Test
Results chart).

23. COD :CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND
The COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) test represents
the amount of chemically digestible organics (food). COD
measures all organics that were biochemically digestible as
well as all the organics that can be digested by heat and
sulfuric acid. It is used in the same applications as BOD.
COD has the advantage over BOD in that the analysis
can be completed within a few hours whereas BOD requires 5
days. The major drawback of the COD test is the presence of
hazardous chemicals and toxic waste disposal.

24. DETERMINATION OF SOME CONTAMINANTS
1.Liquid chromatography
2.Mass spectrometry
3.NMR Spectra
4.UV Spectra
5.Microscopic Technique
6.IR spectra

25. EFFLUENT TREATMENT PROCEDURE
WASTE WATER TREATMENT

26. FILTRATION

27. ROLE OF EMERGENCY SERVICES
The Emergency Control Organization is responsible
for:
* Implementing emergency procedures as prescribed in
the Emergency Plan & Procedures
* Ensuring that all personnel within their area of
responsibility are trained for their role in an emergency
* Reporting any matters likely to affect the viability of the
Emergency Plan & Procedures
* Checking on the effectiveness of emergency systems
and equipment

28. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Chief Warden (Campus Emergency Coordinator)
Deputy Chief Warden (Emergency Response
Officer)
Communications Officer
Area Wardens
Wardens
Insufficient Wardens
Staff in charge of Student
Critical incident management team
Emergency Management Review Committee
Eco identification
Maintenance of warden coverage

30. REFERENCES
March 16-17, 2017 Board of Trustees Meetings Academic Strategies
Committee Page 4
Safe, fair, productive working lives Government of South Australia, 2013
0871 – OCTOBER 2013
ICH harmonized tripartite guideline QUALITY RISK MANAGEMENT Q9
Current Step 4 version dated 9 November 2005
OSHA Safety and Health Program Management Guidelines November
2015 Draft for Public Comment
HLTHMAN, volume 20 part 8 CHAPTER 2 WASTE WATER TREATMENT
Emergency Control Organization Commercial Services & Development,
November 2013
National Science Foundation. Water Quality Index. 2004.