This document discusses how sustainability and renewable energy are revolutionizing the world. It provides examples of renewable energy progress in countries like Germany, Portugal, and the US state of Iowa. Solar and wind power are growing significantly and providing high percentages of energy in some places. The document argues that with the right policies and technologies, 100% renewable energy is possible even for isolated grids like Kauai. It presents Mark Jacobson's plans to power systems entirely with renewable sources like solar, wind and hydropower, and discusses various energy storage and load management options. Overall the document promotes a transition to sustainable energy systems.

1. How the
Sustainability Revolution
Changes Everything
By Professor Lonnie Gamble, PE
Co-Director, Sustainable Living Program
Maharishi School of Management
Copyright 2015, All Rights Reserved
Lonnie Gamble & Chandas, LP1

2. Sustainability Challenges
• 2 Degrees is Safe Global Temp rise
• 575 Gigatons of carbon can safely be
added to the atmosphere
• 2795 Gigatons of carbon in proven
reserves
• 5 times more coal, oil, and gas in
proven reserves than is safe to burn.
We need to leave 80% of it in the
ground
• The fossil fuel industry wakes up
every day determined to burn it all
• It’s wrong to profit from wrecking
the planet
• It’s time to divest from fossil fuels
2

3. “We need a persuasive and visionary yes
rather than a ongoing no.”
- Naomi Klein, UH Manoa, Feb 2015
3

4. “Although the problems are
increasingly complex,
the solutions remain
embarrassingly simple”
- Bill Mollison
developer of Permaculture
Design Methodology
4

5. “
We are charged with
designing the future,
not being victims of it”
- R Buckminster Fuller
5

6. 6

7. If we get the design right,
we get cascading side benefits
If we get the design wrong,
we get cascading side effects
Sustainable Living:
A New and Better Design for Living
7

8. The Renewable Energy
Revolution is Here
Add stunning progress
Show ad on stealing grease from
Notes

9. Obama Solar Quote
“America is #1 in wind power. Every 3 weeks we bring online as much solar power
as we did in all of 2008.” - President Obama, State of the Union, 2015
9

10. Germany
On Saturday, May 26, 2012 Germany got 40% of it’s energy from solar.
On Sunday, May 11, 2014, Germany got 75% of it’s energy from renewables.
Energiewende, the innovative public policy around renewables has created
400,000 jobs in Germany
10

11. 11

12. 12

13. Kauai
On August 31, 2014, during daytime hours, 57% of
power on Kauai was from renewable sources.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_in_Hawaii)
Once Anahola goes on-line, solar will approach 80%
of the energy demand on some days. At some
times solar output may exceed demand. Kauai is a
laboratory for the world on 100% renewable
energy. 13

14. 14

15. Solar Potential
Germany vs Kauai
Germany (Berlin): 883 kwh per kw of PV panels
Total Solar Installed in Germany: 38,359 mw
Kauai (Lihue): 1469 kwh per kw of PV panels
Total capacity of the Kauai grid: 125 mw
(Iowa: 1310 kwh per kw of PV panels)
15

16. Iowa
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
From 5% to 25% in Just 6 Years!
% Iowa Electrical Energy
from Wind
5 Times Increase in Wind Energy Production in 6 years16

17. Solar in Iowa - 2004
2 kw
17

18. Solar in Iowa - 2008
Prairiewoods 10 KW
18

19. Solar PV for Mayor’s House
Fairfield, Iowa
19

20. Solar in Iowa - 2012
Sky Factory 54 kw, 79,000 kwh
20

21. Solar in Iowa - 2014
Farmers Electric Coop
800 kw 1,000,000 kwh
21

22. Portugal at 58% Renewable Energy
for 2013
(First half of 2013 was 75%)
Population of 10.4 million
By 2020, Renewables will account for 35,000 jobs
22

23. 23

24. 24

25. Distributed Energy
VS
Centralized Energy
25

26. 26

27. The most progressive utility in the US:
Farmers Electric Coop, Kalona Iowa?
• Students at Kalona Solar Garden with manger
Warren Mckenna
27

28. VW XL-1
261 Miles Per Gallon - Tank is only 2 gallons
28

29. Electric Transportation: Nissan Leaf
• Nissan Leaf Example
Assume 12,000 miles per year
Leaf gets 5.4 miles per kwh, 2300 kwh per year
Cost for electricity at 12 cents (40 cents on Kauai) /kwh:$271
Equivalent cost for gas @$3/gallon: $1200
Cost of PV panels to produce this much annual energy: $1600
Cost of system: $4600
Like having 70 cent per gallon gasoline
29

30. But Consider Design Again:
The better car makes the worse city
The surprising sustainability of city living
Going beyond individual initiative
Richard Register
Sustainable Living Department Distinguished Scholar
30

31. The Need to Change
(aka the obligatory hockey stick graph)
31

32. The new hockey sticks
32

33. Living Fully Rooted in the Abundant Flows of Natural Systems 33

34. This presentation prepared on solar powered computers
Schwartz- Guich Sustainable Living Center
Building that Teaches
34

35. Schwartz – Guich Sustainable Living Center35

36. The Sustainable Living Center at MUM
“The building is a living laboratory for what we teach.”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=luAKfFldhkY
36

37. 37

38. 38

39. 39

40. What Our Students are Doing
Director of Ecovillage in Fiji
Designing water purification systems for the billions without clean water
Work with the government of Mongolia developing Organic Standards
Started renewable energy company that employs 11 graduates (now 30)
Solar engineer
Farmer
Urban agriculture coordinator, Chicago, NYC
Started another sustainable living program
Started farming non profit in Flint Michigan (Flintopia)
Graduate School:
Masters Graduates in Sustainable Agriculture, Community Development,
Architecture
PhD candidate in international development
40

41. Ideal Energy Video
Solar Company Start-up Success
• Navy SEAL veteran Troy Van Beek and his wife, Amy,
own a growing renewable energy and energy
efficiency business in a small town in Iowa. Their
company, Ideal Energy, saves consumers money and
puts local people to work.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RoEi7wggkLs
41

42. The Next Generation
Ben Katz
42

43. Emphasis
• Agriculture – soil food web and advanced
forms of organic agriculture like biodynamics
• Energy – renewable energy
• Fundamentals – core theory and philosophy of
sustainability
• Policy and change making
• Buildings and the built environment
43

44. Dr Thimmiah
PhD , Biodynamic Agriculture
Board Member, Demeter USA
Author of the Manual of Organic Agriculture
for Bhutan, Bhutan Organic Standards
44

45. Dr John Ikerd
PhD, Economics
Deep sustainability ,
sustainable economics
Recent work: Author of the
chapter on Canada, US
and Mexico in the
UNFAO book for The Year
of the Family Farm
45

46. Better U Foundation
Jim Carrey/John Jollife
46

47. John Jeavons, Biointensive
47

48. 48

49. Dr Elaine Ingham
PhD Microbiology
Soil Food Web
49

50. Richard Register
Founder, Ecocity Builders
50

51. Convening National and
International Conversations
51

52. International Outreach
• Finca Luna Nueva, Costa Rica
• Angoon, Alaska
• Nepal
• Bhutan
• South Africa
• Uganda
• India
• Mongolia
• Hawaii
52

53. Distinguished and Visiting Scholars
John Ikerd (sustainable economics)
Elaine Ingham (soil food web)
Richard Register (ecocities)
Dan Chiras (Green Building)
Soren Hermanson (Samso, Denmark)
TS Powdeyl (former Minster of Education, Bhutan)
Kevin Rowel (www.natural building.com)
Fred Kirschenman (sustainable agriculture)
John Fagan (anti – gmo research)
Jeffrey Smith – GMO activist
53

54. Surya Nagar Farm
Climate responsive buildings
54

55. 55

56. Fresh Organic Food – Even in Winter
56

57. Rainwater
Harvesting
57

58. Local
Economy:
Biodiesel
from local
renewable
resources
and used /
waste
cooking oil
58

59. Abundance Ecovillage
• Picture of sign
New photo with sunset
59

60. • Ecovillage Aerial view
60

61. “That house doesn’t look weird, it looks nice! I would live in that!”61

62. Local
Renewable
Resources
provide
energy for
local
ecovillage
62

63. 63

64. Local Economy:
Lumber
• Typical Lumber from Pacific Northwest, costs $1
per board foot, only 10 cents goes to local
economy
• Local trees into lumber, costs $0.50 per board
foot, all 50 cents stays in local economy
• Half the cost for homebuilder, 5 times the
benefit for local economy

65. Local Economy:
Water
36 inches of rain =
1,000,000 gallons per acre
65

66. Ecovillage Constructed
Wetland/Living Machine
• This small size processes sewage for 30 homes
66

67. Maharishi Sthapatya Ved:
Buildings that create positive effects
for the occupant and the environment
Siting
Orientation
Placement
Proportion
Daylighting
Materials
Sustainability
67

68. BEDZED Project
Beddington, England (2006)
68

69. Sustainability
Standard Definition: Meet the needs of the present
without diminishing opportunities for the future
A world view with a set of supporting infrastructure,
technologies, institutions, and ways of relating to each
other and to nature
69
A Better Future In
Process: The next
generation growing up
with sustainable living
– my son watering the
greenhouse attached
to our home.
We eat fresh organic
produce from our own
greenhouse every day,
even throughout the
winter in VERY cold
Iowa!

70. 70

71. Shallow Vs Deep Sustainability
Shallow Sustainability
• Using efficiency and substitution to ameliorate
the effects of the existing system without
doing much to change the worldview the
system is based on. Motivated primarily by
economic value.
• One Line Summary: “We’ll do incremental
improvement if they don’t hurt our bottom
line profits or change things too much.”
71

72. Deep Sustainability
Efficiency and substitution are in service to
radical redesign based on a worldview that
uses ecology as a metaphor rather than the
machine, holism rather than reductionism,
complements science with many ways of
knowing, and is grounded in an experiential
and intellectual understanding of the unity
that underlies the surface diversity of life.
(continued next slide)
72

73. Deep Sustainability (Continued)
• This worldview leads to a society that has an
ethic of regeneration and renewal of human
society and nature. Deep sustainability gives
priority to ethical and social values while
recognizing the necessity of economic
viability.
• One Line Summary: “Let’s figure out the best
we can do, and how we can afford to do it.”
73

74. Perennial Philosophy
& Practical Procedure:
Transcendentalist, Huxley, Houston Smith,
ALL Major Wisdom Traditions Share These Ideas:
• There is a unity that underlies the surface diversity of life
• People can directly experience this unity, in addition to intellectually exploring it
as just an idea
• This experience of unity is the same across cultures and time
• To reconnect with this unity is the ultimate purpose of life
• Names for Unity: Being, Source, Pure Consciousness, etc.
• Higher states of consciousness are progressive degrees of unity
• Proven Way to Reconnect with Unity: There is a scientifically validated way
(meaning a well defined procedure that works for everyone, not just a special
few) to reconnect with and directly experience this unity 74

75. Perennial Philosophy
3 Examples
1) The first peace, which is most important, is that which comes from within
the souls of people when they realize their relationship, their oneness with
the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the center of
the universe dwells the great spirit, and that this center is really
everywhere — it is within each of us.”
— Black Elk
2) “It really boils down to this: that all life is interrelated. We are all caught in
an inescapable network of mutuality, tied together into a single garment of
destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly. We are made to
live together because of the interrelated structure of reality . . . Before you
finish eating breakfast in the morning, you’ve depended on more than half
the world. This is the way our universe is structured, this is its interrelated
quality. We aren’t going to have peace on Earth until we recognize the basic
fact of the interrelated structure of all reality.”
— Martin Luther King
75

76. 3) “Everything is so intimately connected with every other thing in
creation that it is not possible to distinguish completely the existence of
one from the other. And the influence of one thing on every other thing
is so universal that nothing could be considered in isolation. We have
already mentioned that the universe reacts to an individual
action…Therefore, the great responsibility of right and wrong lies in the
individual him[or her]self on the level of his[or her] consciousness.”
—Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, Science of Being and Art of Living p. 219-223
76

77. Hydrological cycle

78. Sustainability, Entropy, Energy
78

79. Energy is Essential for Sustainability
• 1st law – energy is neither created nor
destroyed – it is eternally cycled from one
form to another.
• 2nd law – energy loses usefulness each time it
is transformed – same quantity of energy but
it can no longer do the same kinds of work.
79

80. Energy is Essential for Sustainability
• Examples
– Coffee
– Car Engine
• Materials Cycle
• Energy flows from source to sink
80

81. Energy is Essential for Sustainability
• For Sustainability:
We need a continuous source of high quality
energy to offset the effects of entropy, we
need solar energy
81

82. Sustainability:
Regeneration and Renewal
The human body and spirit are
also subject to their own laws
of entropy and are in need of
regular
renewal and regeneration.
82

83. Video of concentrated sunlight setting wood on fire
Parabola Video
83

84. The
Economy
of Nature
84

85. This
Can power this
85

86. Sustainable Economics
86

87. 100% Renewable Energy for Kauai?
87

88. 88

89. Mark Jacobson’s 100%
Renewable Energy Plan
89

90. From: http://thesolutionsproject.org/

92. 92

93. 93

94. PV 25 % Solar Thermal 3%
Wind 65%
Hydro 1%
Biomass 6%
94

95. Source Diversity
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
KWh
Wind and Solar Have Same Annual Output
Monthly Wind and Solar - Fairfield
Wind
Solar
95

96. For Kauai?
Wave Power
Ocean Thermal
Energy Conversion (OTEC)
96

97. Storage
97

98. Electric STORAGE: Nissan Leaf
• Nissan Leaf Example
Assume 12,000 miles per year
Leaf gets 5.4 miles per kwh, 2300 kwh per year
Cost for electricity at 12 cents/kwh:$271
Equivalent cost for gas @$3/gallon: $1200
Like having 70 cent per gallon gasoline
98

99. Vehicle to Grid (V2G)
Energy Storage Using Electric Cars
Each Leaf has a 24 kwh battery and electronics capable
of producing 80 kw.
If 40% of passenger vehicles in Kauai were like the Leaf:
Capacity of those vehicles: 1400 mw
Capacity of the Kauai Grid: 125 mw
Storage of these vehicles: 420,000 kwh
Avg Daily Residential Energy Use on Kauai: 432,000 kwh
Using just 40% of cars like Leaf, could store whole day
of Kauai energy use
99

100. Luddington Pumped Storage 1872 MW
(Lake Michigan)
Kauai Grid – 78 MW all time peak peak
100

101. Pumped Storage
101

102. Load Shedding
Shut off loads for short durations (1-30 minutes)
Many loads can be shut off with minimal
diminishment of service
Water heaters
Heating/Cooling
102

103. Surplus Energy to Hydrogen
• Hydrogen as a fuel – only water vapor as a byproduct
• Store as Ammonia (NH3) Similar to natural gas (CH4)
• Ammonia can be used as a transportation fuel
– Combustion Engines
– Fuel Cells
• Ammonia can be used as a peaking fuel
• Norm Olson and the Iowa State Biomass Energy
Conversion Lab is a world leader in Ammonia as a
renewable fuel
103

104. The Vemork Hydro Plant in Norway made much of
Europe’s Nitrogen Fertilizer (ammonia) from 1919 until WWII
104

105. Ammonia Fueled Bus, Belgium 1943
105

106. Biomass
Combined Heat and Power
106

107. Iowa State Biorefinery Concept
107

108. Fossil Fuel Spill = Disaster
108

109. Solar Energy Spill =
Just Another Nice Day in Paradise
109

110. Four Season Harvest
"I'd put my money on the sun and solar energy. What a
source of power! I hope we don't have to wait till oil and
coal run out before we tackle that.”
- Thomas Edison (1931 in a letter to Henry Ford)
This presentation prepared on solar powered computers
110

111. “Someday, after we have mastered the
winds, the waves, the tide and gravity, we
shall harness for God the energies of love.
Then for the second time in the history of the
world, man will have discovered fire.”
- Teilhard de Chardin

112. A New Story
The changes we need to make for sustainability
– stronger, more vibrant communities, rich
social connections, a sense of purpose and
meaning, less industrial work, renewable
energy, ecocities, coproducing and making,
organic local foods, connection to nature and
to our own inner being - are also the changes
we need to create a better world, the world of
our best dreams and aspirations.
112

113. Sustainable Living for Kauai?
Can we build on the great work
that is already being done here by:
* Opening a College of Sustainable Living?
* Building a Sustainable Ecovillage?
Hawaii is a rich living laboratory for
an academic program that explores
sustainable living, deep sustainability,
& the development of consciousness.
113

114. 114

115. 115

116. END OF
HAWAII
PRESENTATION
SLIDESCopyright 2015
All Rights Reserved
Lonnie A Gamble
And Chandas, LP
chandas@cox.net