Hassan Fathy was an Egyptian architect who designed over 160 projects utilizing traditional Egyptian architectural elements and materials like mud bricks. He focused on low-cost construction methods that incorporated passive cooling techniques and trained local people. Some of his notable projects included the Gourna Mosque in Egypt, which featured thick mud brick walls, vaulted roofs, courtyards, and screens to restrict light and ventilation systems like windcatchers and qanats.

2. By HASSAN FATHY Egyptian Architect (1900 – 1989)

3. Designed 160 separate projects from modest country retreats to fully planned communities, markets, schools, theatres, places for worship and for recreation.

4. Architectural perspectives Ancient design methods and materials Utilizing a knowledge of rural Egyptian economic situation Space design suitable to surrounding environ- ment Low cost construction without using R.C.C and steel Training locals to build ones own house

5. Design elements Mud brick (Adobe) walls Thick walls Wind-catcher and Qanat Decorative screens Building orientation and placement of windows Domes and Vaulted roofs Courtyard

6. Gourna mosque The elevation

7. Plan And Sectional elevation Guma Mosque, Gourna

8. Screens in Window

9. Vaulted roof at Gourna Theatre

10. Ventilation system -Kharga Market -

11. Overall understanding Mud brick – Low heat radiation, low cost, availability Thick wall – high insulation Small windows not facing the sun. Windcatcher – Air circulation, a pressure gradient used to get away with the hot air. Qanat – Used with windcatcher to cool the interior air by deep cut canal in the floor filled with water. Screens – Restrict glare of light No use of R.C.C and Steel for high heat radiation Courtyard with partial greenery to screen dust and sand in the prevailing wind.

12. Design Phillosophy Low cost construction Usage of local materials and vernacular architecture Training of local people in construction to reduce labor cost Against western techniques and ‘Matcbox houses’ Design development with energy conservation technique, Study of temperature and wind patterns. Passive cooling

13. Developed by Misba. Saba. Kalyani. Suman .

14. Thank You !!!