2. Indian vernacular architecture
Indian vernacular architecture is
the informal, functional architecture
of structures, often in rural areas of
India, built of local materials and
designed to meet the needs of the
local people. The builders of these
structures are unschooled in formal
architectural design and their work
reflects the rich diversity of India's
climate, locally available building
materials, and the intricate variations
in local social customs and
craftsmanship. It has been estimated
that worldwide close to 90% of all
building is vernacular, meaning that it
is for daily use for ordinary, local
people and built by local craftsmen.
Toda tribal hut
A village hut in West Bengal
3. The term "vernacular
architecture" in general refers
to the informal building of
structures through traditional
building methods by local
builders without using the
services of a professional
architect. It is the most
widespread form of building.[2]
House with verandah inEttayapuram
Traditional home, Manali
5. Kachcha
A kachcha is a building made of natural materials such
as mud, grass, bamboo, thatch or sticks and is
therefore a short-lived structure. Since it is not made
for endurance it requires constant maintenance and
replacement. The practical limitations of the building
materials available dictate the specific form which can
have a simple beauty. The advantage of a kachcha is
that construction materials are cheap and easily
available and relatively little labor is required.
6. Pakka
Mortar holding weathered bricks
A pakka is a structure made from materials
resistant to wear, such as forms of stone or brick,
clay tiles, metal or other durable materials,
sometimes using mortar to bind, that does not
need to be constantly maintained or replaced.
However, such structures are expensive to
construct as the materials are costly and more
labor is required. A pakka (or sometimes
"pukka") may be elaborately decorated in
contrast to a kachcha.
7. Semi-pukka
A combination of the kachcha and pukka style, the
semi-pukka, has evolved as villagers have acquired the
resources to add elements constructed of the durable
materials characteristic of a pukka. Architecture as
always evolves organically as the needs and resources
of people change.
10. INTRODUCTION:
SANGATH means “moving together through
.”Participation
It is an architect office
Location: Thalte Road,Ahmedabad 380054
Client: Balkrishna Doshi
Period of construction: 1979-1981
Project Engineer: B.S. Jethwa, Y. Patel
Site area: 2346 m2
Total Built-up Area: 585 m2
Project Cost: Rs. 0.6 Million ( 1981 )
11. Passive Design:
Not require mechanical heating and Cooling
Reduces greenhouse gas emissions from heating,
cooling, mechanical ventilation and lighting
Take advantage of natural energy flow
Maintain the thermal comfort
12. Sangath , architect Balkrishna Doshi’s studio, was built
in 1979-80. The entire ensemble has an organicity and
contiguity through the modulation of the landscape.
The exterior landscape slowly merges up with the
vaults creating a harmonious earth form . The entire
journey from the entry into the structure is a
phantasmagoria of nuances and hints. The flooring
plays a vital role in giving directionality and inducing
notion. Pattern , texture and semiotics are used
extensively to demarcate movement flow. Placement
position and typology of the vegetation adds to the
attribute of floors in creating a harmonious continuity.
17. FEATURES
Very less use of mechanical instrument
Special materials are used resulting in a low cost
building costing it
Continuity of Spaces
Complete passive design
22. 3.5 cm thick RCC
8 cm ceramic fuses
3.5 cm thick RCC
6 cm thick water proofing
1 cm thick broken China mosaic finish
Broken China mosaic is insulative and reflective
surface.
Broken China mosaic gives a very good textures.
30. Le Corbusier came to India to design Chandigarh in
1951. He was invited to Ahmedabad by mayor
Chinubhai Chimanbhai. Surottam Hutheesing, then
president of Ahmedabad Mill Owners' Association,
commissioned Corbusier to build the new
headquarters of the association. It was completed in
1954.
31. Mill Owners’ Association Building, commonly
confused with 'Ahmedabad Textile Mill Owners'
Association House' (ATMA House), is a modern
architecture building in Ahmedabad, India designed by
French architect Le Corbusier. Its many walls (with
windows in between) slant, and there are trees actually
growing out of the side of it. Also, the drainage system is
built into the handrails of the balconies.
32. The east and west
facades are in the form
of sun breakers or brise-
soleil, one of Corbusier’s
many formal inventions,
which, while avoiding
harsh sun, permit visual
connection and air
movement. While the
brise-soleil act as free
facades made of rough
shuttered concrete, the
north and south sides,
built in rough brickwork,
are almost unbroken.
33. A ceremonial ramp
makes for a grand
approach into a triple
height entrance hall,
open to the wind.
Arrival is on the first
floor, where (as per the
original design) the
executives’ offices and
boardroom are
located. The ground
floor houses the work-
spaces of the clerks
and a separate, single-
story canteen at the
rear.
34. On the second floor of
the Mill Owners’
Building, the lobby is
treated as “an open space
defined by harsh,
angular forms and the
auditorium as an
enclosed space
delineated by soft,
curvilinear forms …two
contradictory elements
that both need the other
in order to exist.”
