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Hands on Gradle
This document provides an overview of Gradle, an open-source build automation tool. It discusses why build systems are useful, common build options like Ant and Maven, and what makes Gradle unique. Key features of Gradle highlighted include its task-based build flow, robust dependency management, flexibility, and support for plugins. Examples are provided for basic Gradle usage and building Java, web, and Android projects with Gradle.
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Hands on Gradle
- 1. Hands on Gradle MushfekurRahman Associate Software Engineer Therap BD Ltd.
- 2. Why Build Systems? •Your may need to share your code • You may grow old and forget stuff • IDEs change frequently • Makes life easier • Automate product development lifecycle 1. Validate 2. Compile 3. Test 4. Packaging (jar, war, ear, aar, apk…) 5. Deploy and/or Publish
- 3. What Are TheOptions? • Ant • Maven • Gradle
- 4. Ant • Stands forAnother Neat Tool • Evolved from *NIX based build utility make • Pros • Task based build lifecycle • Concise build flow • Cons • Heavy XML (less maintainable) • Hard to reuse
- 5. Maven • Apache Project •Pros • Standard Project Structure • Project signature • Dependency Management • Release and distribution management • Cons • Loads of XML • Hard to implement custom behavior
- 6. Drum roll… Gradle! •General purpose Java build tool • Based on Groovy DSL (Domain Specific Language) • Founder – Hans Dockter • Maintained by Gradleware • Free and open source (published under Apache License 2.0)
- 7. Why Gradle? • Combinesbest of both worlds • Task based build flow (remember Ant??) • Robust dependency management (Maven) • Convention over configuration • Flexible, scalable, extensible • Plugins • Easy multi-project building • Awesome documentation
- 8.
- 9. Gradle Basics • Installation •Make sure you have Java (JRE) • Download (http://www.gradle.org/downloads) • Copy (/usr/local or C:UsersPublic) • Add to system PATH (.bashrc, .bash_profile, environment variable) • … and voila!
- 10. Gradle Basics • Tasks •Fundamental unit of build activity • Tasks are Objects • Every task is a subclass of DefaultTask (like java.lang.Object)
- 11. Gradle Basics (cont.) •Properties of DefaultTask • doFirst • doLast
- 12. Gradle Basics (cont.) •Task Dependency • Links two tasks • Used to create build lifecycle DAG
- 13. Gradle Basics (cont.) •Plugins • Collection of tasks • Reusable piece of build script • Example • jar • war • android
- 14. Gradle Basics (cont.) •Build lifecycle 1. Initialization • Initializes scope of a build • Identifies project environment • e.g. single or multi-module • Creates project instance 2. Configuration • Configures project objects 3. Execution • Determines subset of tasks • Runs the build
- 15. Gradle Basics (cont.) •Build scripts • build.gradle • settings.gradle (optional) • gradle.properties (optional)
- 16. *Hopefully* Your FirstGradle Build • The Simplest Java Project (hello-gradle) • Project layout
- 17. Hello Gradle! • ‘java’plugin • http://www.gradle.org/docs/current/userguide/java_plugin.html • Tasks • Configure source set • Dependency management
- 18. Java Plugin: UnderThe Hood
- 19. Building Web Apps •Let’s make a currency converter - BDT to USD • Project layout
- 20. Building Web Apps •‘war’ plugin • Deploying our app
- 21. Building Android Apps •Currency converter for android • New android build system • http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system/ • Project layout
- 22. Building Android Apps(cont.) • ‘android’ plugin • http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system/user-guide • Tasks • Packaging options
- 23. Gradle Wrapper • Howto manage gradle’s own version • What if I don’t have gradle installed on my machine?