The document discusses handover procedures in 4G networks. It describes handover basics and procedures in IEEE 802.16m and 3GPP LTE-Advanced networks. Advanced handover features in IEEE 802.16m like seamless handover and EBB handover are presented, along with legacy supported handover between IEEE 802.16m and 802.16e networks. Interworking handover procedures between IEEE 802.16m and 3GPP LTE-Advanced networks using layer 2 and layer 3 protocols are also summarized. The document concludes that advanced handover mechanisms in IMT-Advanced systems aim to reduce service interruption time and enhance user experience during handovers.
LTE specifications support the use of multiple antennas at both transmitter (tx) and receiver (rx). MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple
Output) uses this antenna configuration.
LTE specifications support up to 4 antennas at the tx side and up to 4 antennas at the rx side (here referred to as 4x4 MIMO
configuration).
In the first release of LTE it is likely that the UE only has 1 tx antenna, even if it uses 2 rx antennas. This leads to that so called
Single User MIMO (SU-MIMO) will be supported only in DL (and maximum 2x2 configuration).
LTE specifications support the use of multiple antennas at both transmitter (tx) and receiver (rx). MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple
Output) uses this antenna configuration.
LTE specifications support up to 4 antennas at the tx side and up to 4 antennas at the rx side (here referred to as 4x4 MIMO
configuration).
In the first release of LTE it is likely that the UE only has 1 tx antenna, even if it uses 2 rx antennas. This leads to that so called
Single User MIMO (SU-MIMO) will be supported only in DL (and maximum 2x2 configuration).
An introduction to Cellular communications Signaling, Specifically LTE Signaling.
Introducing 3GPP approach to handover and handoff mechanisms.
LTE architecture by alcatel-lucent included in this presentation.
This presentation focuses on mobility management protocols such as GTP-C and GTP-U.
Abis Over IP/Abis Optimization on-site Workshopetkisizcom
Recognize new system architecture
Understand the dimensioning rules using the Abis planning tools
Activate the Abis over IP
Activate the Abis Optimization
Use the Performance Monitoring
This Workshop is a fast track Course to cover the basic architecture and functionalities of the LTE-EPC from the Packet Core Perspective.
The course is a little bit advanced and the target Audience is requested to have a basic PS Foundations and Mobility Knowledge as a prerequisite.
The course will cover the LTE-EPC Architecture, Call flows, Mobility and session management in addition to introductory slides for the EPS Security and LTE-DNS.
This slide for your understanding on LTE !
LTE, the wireless access protocol for 4G mobile network service, has evolved from GSM and WCDMA based on 3GPP!
The contents of this slide is below;
I. LTE Introduction
II. LTE Protocol Layer
III. SAE Architecture
IV. NAS(Non Access Stratum) Protocols
V. EPC Protocol Stacks
With my regards,
Guisun Han
A quick look at 5G System architecture in Reference point representation and in Service Based representation and also look at the different Network Functions (NFs) within the 5G System.
An introduction to Cellular communications Signaling, Specifically LTE Signaling.
Introducing 3GPP approach to handover and handoff mechanisms.
LTE architecture by alcatel-lucent included in this presentation.
This presentation focuses on mobility management protocols such as GTP-C and GTP-U.
Abis Over IP/Abis Optimization on-site Workshopetkisizcom
Recognize new system architecture
Understand the dimensioning rules using the Abis planning tools
Activate the Abis over IP
Activate the Abis Optimization
Use the Performance Monitoring
This Workshop is a fast track Course to cover the basic architecture and functionalities of the LTE-EPC from the Packet Core Perspective.
The course is a little bit advanced and the target Audience is requested to have a basic PS Foundations and Mobility Knowledge as a prerequisite.
The course will cover the LTE-EPC Architecture, Call flows, Mobility and session management in addition to introductory slides for the EPS Security and LTE-DNS.
This slide for your understanding on LTE !
LTE, the wireless access protocol for 4G mobile network service, has evolved from GSM and WCDMA based on 3GPP!
The contents of this slide is below;
I. LTE Introduction
II. LTE Protocol Layer
III. SAE Architecture
IV. NAS(Non Access Stratum) Protocols
V. EPC Protocol Stacks
With my regards,
Guisun Han
A quick look at 5G System architecture in Reference point representation and in Service Based representation and also look at the different Network Functions (NFs) within the 5G System.
ANSYS RedHawk-CPA: New Paradigm for Faster Chip-Package ConvergenceAnsys
Due to the increasing size of SoCs and the variation in the switching current and parasitic profile across the chip, the individual connections between the SoC and the package at the C4 bump level need to be as granular as possible to provide resolution to the power analysis. To see the benefit from changes made to the chip and/or package in a timely manner requires that both layouts can be modified and modeled in an integrated manner. This presentation introduces RedHawk-CPA, a new feature which allows the inclusion of both chip and package layouts for a unified DC, transient and AC power integrity analysis. It will demonstrate how RedHawk-CPA can improve the level of accuracy as well as reduce the time to power closure. Learn more on our website: https://bit.ly/1ssSGM0
Describes key network elements and interfaces of LTE architecture. The steps of LTE/EPC Attach procedure are also illustrated.
Video at: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgQvzsPaZX_bimBc5Wu4m6-cVD4bZDav9
Simplified Call Flow Signaling: Registration - The Attach Procedure3G4G
This presentation/video provides an example of the registration procedure. The device or UE needs to let the core network(s) know that it is switched on and active. This procedure is known as registration. The UE can register individually to the CS and PS core networks. Most modern networks allow combined registration (or combined attach) whereby the UE registers only to the PS network and the PS network informs the CS network that the UE is active.
A new IEEE standard, 802.3ah, makes it easier for providers and system operators to manage Ethernet networks, and to improve quality of service. Here, we explain how it works, what is at stake, and what you should look for in your next Ethernet buy.
Next Generation 4G WiMAX Networks - IEEE 802.16 Standard: cscpconf
This paper gives an overview about the various PHY and MAC layer specification which define
the IEEE 802.16 standard and which define the Fixed WiMAX (Ver. 802.16d-2004) and Mobile
WiMAX (Ver. 802.16e-2005) network scenarios. We also discuss about the various updates in
the Advanced Air Interface update (802.16m – 2011), which aims at fulfilling the 4G requirements as put forward by the ITU IMT-Advanced requirements.
Performance analysis of IEEE 802.11ac based WLAN in wireless communication sy...IJECEIAES
IEEE 802.11ac based wireless local area network (WLAN) is emerging WiFi standard at 5 GHz, it is new gigabit-per-second standard providing premium services. IEEE 802.11ac accomplishes its crude speed increment by pushing on three distinct measurements firstly is more channel holding, expanded from a maximum of 80 MHz up to 160 MHz modes. Secondly, the denser modulation, now using 256-QAM, it has the ability to increase the data rates up to 7 Gbps using an 8×8 multiple input multiple output (MIMO). Finally, it provides high resolution for both narrow and medium bandwidth channels. This work presents a study to improve the performance of IEEE 802.11ac based WLAN system.
Performance evaluation of the IEEE 802.11n random topology WLAN with QoS appl...IJECEIAES
The IEEE 802.11n supports high data rate transmissions due its physical layer Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) advanced antenna system and MAC layer enhancement features (frame aggregation and block acknowledgement). As a result this standard is very suitable for multimedia services through its Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA). This paper focuses on evaluating the Quality of Service (QoS) application on the performance of the IEEE 802.11n random topology WLAN. Three different number of nodes (3, 9 and 18) random topology with one access point are modeled and simulated by using the Riverbed OPNET 17.5 Modular to investigate the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) performance for different spatial streams. The result clarified the impact of QoS application and showed that its effect is best at the 18 node number topology. For a 4x4 MIMO, when QoS is applied and with respect to the no QoS application case, simulation results show a maximum improvement of 86.4%, 33.9%, 52.2% and 68.9% for throughput, delay, data drop and retransmission attempts, respectively.
1. Department of Digital SystemsMsc.Digital Communications and Networks HANDOVERIN 4G NETWORKS OikonomakisSpyridon PantelopoulouCharikleia
2. Structure of Presentation Handover Basics Handover in and between 4G networks Handover procedures IEEE 802.16m Advanced handover features IEEE 802.16m Legacy supported handover IEEE 802.16m Handover Framework 3GPP LTE-Advanced Interworking between IEEE 802.16m & 3GPP LTE-Advanced Conclusions
3. The Term Handover The process of transferring an ongoing call or data session from one channel to another in a cellular network. Basic reasons why a handover might be conducted: The user has moved out of range The base station is full It is a key component in cellular network mobility management as it requires a specific latency on server interruption time.
4. Handover Framework Requirements Latency and Flexibility Scalability of handover framework to handle increased handovers without compromising latency performance Handling networks with heterogeneous BS entities (pico / femtocells) Optimizations to allow handover to multicarrier-capable devices.
13. ADVANCED HANDOVER FEATURES IEEE 802.16m Goal: To reduce latency during handover in physical and MAC layers and provide a better end-user experience Advanced handover enhancements based on the general handover call flow: Seamless Handover EBB Handover (Entry Before Break) Newly introduced in the IEEE 802.16m air interface protocol: Legacy Supported Handover Multicarrier Handover
16. Legacy Supported Handover IEEE 802.16m (2) Handover procedure from an IEEE 802.16e BS to a mixed-mode IEEE 802.16m BS
17. Legacy Supported Handover IEEE 802.16m (3) Handover from a 16e BS to a 16m Only BS (direct handover) Case of the largest interruption time due to lack of the demanded BSs’ interfaces Legacy ASN : Security update is a typical intra-16m handover case Requires capability negotiation and MAC context setup 16m ASN: Requires full network entry
18. Legacy Supported Handover IEEE 802.16m (4) Handover from a 16m BS to a 16e BS Either the 16m MS performs legacy handover to the 16e BS through the Lzone Or the 16m MS performs direct handover to the 16e BS through the MZone
19. The Handover Framework of 3GPP LTE-Advanced Hard handover is similar to IEEE 802.16m Differences: Allows only BBE (Break Before Entry) operation Handover initiation and target selection are more tightly controlled by the network Supports seamless and lossless handover User procedure can be assigned in a per resource bearer (RB) manner Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) handles differently the data forwarding at the UE and eNodeB sides in different modes
20. Interworking Between IEEE 802.16m and 3GPP LTE-Advanced (1) Handover from IEEE 802.16m to 3GPP LTE-Advanced can use tow layer-2 protocols: IEEE 802.16m generic MAC layer-2 transfer tunnel IEEE 802.21 media-independent handover protocol Given these frameworks and MAC layer control signaling there can be support of: single-radio handover dual radio handover
21. Interworking Between IEEE 802.16m and 3GPP LTE-Advanced (2) Handover from 3GPP LTE-Advanced to IEEE 802.16 family supports dual radio procedure via layer 3 transport. The 3GPP Service and Architecture 2 (SA2) specification requires layer 3 handover signaling for UE to preregister with WiMAX network. Disadvantage: No layer-2 radio access network 2 (RAN2) specification defined to optimize handover
22. Conclusions Reducing service interruption time is becoming more in next-generation wireless systems. IMT-Advanced Systems provide advanced handover mechanisms in order to provide enhanced user experience during handover. Important requirement when design IEEE 802.16m and 3GPP systems is: Legacy supported mobility management All previously described advanced features of handover mechanisms enhance the user experience by: Reducing handover interruption time Diminishing the coverage hole
Scalability of handover framework to handle increased handovers without compromising latency performanceFlexibility to support various 4G deployments
Mobility framework designed to cover: all possible deployment scenarios enable and optimize handover between IEEE 802.16m Bss handover from an IEEE 802.16e BS to an IEEE 802.16m BS (note: under a legacy ASN network) intra-BS zone switch between LZone and Mzone
Exception HandlingThe handover is considered failedMS performs cell reselectionMS performs network re-entry procedure or initial network entry procedure
Seamless handover is a network re-entry procedure:Exchange of PDUs between MS and BS before network re-entrySupports data integrity protectionNot demanding full uplink synchronization from MS to BSRequires coordination serving and target BSsEBB handover is an optimized hard handover procedure:Network re-entry to the target BS during the negotiated network re-entry procedure intervalsCommunication with serving BS until the completion of the network re-entryLegacy supported handover provides:Backward compatibilitySupport mobility capability across coexisting legacy and advanced networks.Multicarrier handover:Capability of BSs and MSs to operate over multiple carriers upon a common MAC layerResults in high data rate service and cell capacity increaseCombined with seamless handover allows zero tolerance of data interruption time
One or two iterations to avoid excessive scheduling overhead
One or two iterations to avoid excessive scheduling overhead
Handover from a 16e BS to a 16m Mixed Mode BS
(Access Service Network)
(Access Service Network)
Seamless handover mode:Minimizes complexity and delayPotential loss of Service Data Units (SDUs)Appropriate for loss-tolerant but delay-sensitive data (e.g. VoIP)Lossless handover mode:Guarantees in-sequence packet delivery during handoverRetransmits any unacknowledged PDUs prior to handoverAppropriate for dealy-tolerant services (e.g. FTP)
TSG SA WG2 Architecture is in charge of developing the Stage 2 of the 3GPP network. Based on the services requirements elaborated by SA1, SA2 identifies the main functions and entities of the network, how these entities are linked to each other and the information they exchange. The output of SA2 is used as input by the groups in charge of the definition of the precise format of messages in Stage 3