This document provides copyright information and publishing details for the book "Handbook of Estimation Methods for Chemical Mass Transport in the Environment". It lists the editors and contributors to the book, and provides a table of contents that outlines the 21 chapters covering various topics related to estimating rates of chemical transport within and between environmental media.
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
This document discusses various types of water filtration methods. It covers slow sand filters, rapid gravity filters, and membrane filters. It describes the key components of rapid gravity filters, including the filter bed, graded gravel layers, underdrain system, and water reservoir. It also discusses the mechanisms of filtration and cleaning through backwashing. The document provides details on factors that affect filter hydraulics and backwashing.
This document discusses aqueous speciation in hydrochemistry. It summarizes that the naive approach of assuming one-to-one correspondence between measured elements/parameters and ions is incorrect, as concentrations comprise both free ions and complexes. Speciation calculations using programs like PhreeqC account for aqueous complexation, the role of alkalinity/dissolved inorganic carbon, and activity corrections. For the example water, speciation modeling significantly changes calculated concentrations and identifies various aqueous complexes and species.
This document discusses silica monitoring in steam/water cycles of power plants. Silica is a contaminant that can deposit on turbine blades and reduce efficiency. Close monitoring of silica concentrations helps manage efficiency and avoid costly shutdowns. Key locations for silica measurement include the demineralization plant, boiler feedwater, and boiler blowdown water. The Hach 5500sc Silica Analyzer provides an on-line solution for accurate, reliable silica monitoring to optimize plant performance and prevent turbine damage.
1) The document discusses open and closed carbon dioxide (CO2) systems and how they differ in their behavior under acid/base titration.
2) In a closed CO2 system, the total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) remains constant during titration. But in an open CO2 system, the CO2 partial pressure remains constant and DIC increases exponentially with increasing pH.
3) Graphs of speciation versus pH show that in a closed system, carbonate species shift between each other to conserve DIC, while in an open system each species increases independently without conservation of DIC.
Lamella clarifier - Khaleeda bt Abdul KarimKhaleeda Karim
Lamella clarifiers are inclined plate settlers used for industrial wastewater treatment that separate low concentration slurries and solid particles from water via gravity settling. They consist of a series of inclined plates that allow wastewater to flow continuously down while solids settle to the bottom for removal. Lamella clarifiers operate continuously with no mechanical parts, have a small footprint, short filling/emptying times but require regular maintenance and do not store settled sludge.
Sedimentation is an effective techniques involved for treatment of waste water . Various sedimentation techniques are employed world wide for the purpose.
Plain sedimentation is the simplest technique involving quiescent settling or storage of water, such as would take place in a reservoir, lake, or basin, without the aid of chemicals, preferably for a month or longer, particularly if the source water is a sewage-polluted river water.
This presentation covers various plain sedimentation tanks & design considerations of the same .
If you like it ,Please press the thumb up button & donot forget to give your feedback in comments section, it would be extremely valuable . Any query ? Feel free to post in comments section. All the best ! Enjoy !
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
This document discusses various types of water filtration methods. It covers slow sand filters, rapid gravity filters, and membrane filters. It describes the key components of rapid gravity filters, including the filter bed, graded gravel layers, underdrain system, and water reservoir. It also discusses the mechanisms of filtration and cleaning through backwashing. The document provides details on factors that affect filter hydraulics and backwashing.
This document discusses aqueous speciation in hydrochemistry. It summarizes that the naive approach of assuming one-to-one correspondence between measured elements/parameters and ions is incorrect, as concentrations comprise both free ions and complexes. Speciation calculations using programs like PhreeqC account for aqueous complexation, the role of alkalinity/dissolved inorganic carbon, and activity corrections. For the example water, speciation modeling significantly changes calculated concentrations and identifies various aqueous complexes and species.
This document discusses silica monitoring in steam/water cycles of power plants. Silica is a contaminant that can deposit on turbine blades and reduce efficiency. Close monitoring of silica concentrations helps manage efficiency and avoid costly shutdowns. Key locations for silica measurement include the demineralization plant, boiler feedwater, and boiler blowdown water. The Hach 5500sc Silica Analyzer provides an on-line solution for accurate, reliable silica monitoring to optimize plant performance and prevent turbine damage.
1) The document discusses open and closed carbon dioxide (CO2) systems and how they differ in their behavior under acid/base titration.
2) In a closed CO2 system, the total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) remains constant during titration. But in an open CO2 system, the CO2 partial pressure remains constant and DIC increases exponentially with increasing pH.
3) Graphs of speciation versus pH show that in a closed system, carbonate species shift between each other to conserve DIC, while in an open system each species increases independently without conservation of DIC.
Lamella clarifier - Khaleeda bt Abdul KarimKhaleeda Karim
Lamella clarifiers are inclined plate settlers used for industrial wastewater treatment that separate low concentration slurries and solid particles from water via gravity settling. They consist of a series of inclined plates that allow wastewater to flow continuously down while solids settle to the bottom for removal. Lamella clarifiers operate continuously with no mechanical parts, have a small footprint, short filling/emptying times but require regular maintenance and do not store settled sludge.
Sedimentation is an effective techniques involved for treatment of waste water . Various sedimentation techniques are employed world wide for the purpose.
Plain sedimentation is the simplest technique involving quiescent settling or storage of water, such as would take place in a reservoir, lake, or basin, without the aid of chemicals, preferably for a month or longer, particularly if the source water is a sewage-polluted river water.
This presentation covers various plain sedimentation tanks & design considerations of the same .
If you like it ,Please press the thumb up button & donot forget to give your feedback in comments section, it would be extremely valuable . Any query ? Feel free to post in comments section. All the best ! Enjoy !
Venturi scrubbers are a type of wet scrubber air pollution control device that uses the venturi effect to inject liquid into a high velocity gas stream. They consist of a converging section, throat, and diverging section. Polluted gas enters the converging section and accelerates through the throat where it is mixed with an injected liquid, removing pollutants. Droplets are then separated from the cleaned gas. Venturi scrubbers can effectively remove particles and some gases, have small space needs, and handle high temperature streams, but require high power and can cause corrosion and water disposal issues.
Sedimentation tanks allow suspended solids in liquid to settle out under gravity. Particles settle to the bottom and are removed by scrapers. Slowing the flow rate or bubbling air causes floccules to settle or float, forming sludge blankets that filter out smaller particles. Sedimentation tanks have four zones - inlet, outlet, settling, and sludge. Tanks are designed based on operation type (fill and draw or continuous flow), location (primary or secondary), and shape (circular, rectangular, or hopper bottom). Design guidelines specify detention time, flow velocity, dimensions, and slopes. Rectangular tanks are large capacity while circular tanks are used for small to medium applications and constant flows.
Distillation is a method of separating mixtures based on differences in their volatilities through boiling and condensation. Key points:
- It involves heating a mixture to vaporize more volatile components, cooling to condense the vapor into separate products.
- Common uses include separating crude oil, purifying water and air, producing alcoholic beverages.
- Types include simple, fractional, flash, and vacuum distillation. Flash distillation partially vaporizes a liquid through pressure reduction.
- Distillation columns contain internals like trays or packings to facilitate vapor-liquid contact during separation. Fractional distillation uses multiple equilibrium stages for high purity products.
Sedimentation is the process of removing solid particles from water via gravity. It is commonly used in water treatment after coagulation and flocculation. The document discusses sedimentation tank design and calculations for settling velocity based on particle size and density. Examples are provided to design rectangular and circular sedimentation tanks for pre-treating river water to remove grit and sand based on a flow rate of 20,000 m3/day and using an overflow rate of 31 m/hour.
Flue gas analisys in industry-Practical guide for Emission and Process Measur...Testo Azerbaijan
Flue gas analisys in industry-Practical guide for Emission and Process Measurements
-Power generation
-Waste disposal
-Stone and clay industry
-Metal industry
-Chemical/petrochemical industry
Presentaion consits of basic idea about the treatment process of the w//w, mainly come from fertilizer industris. Introduction,m types of fertilizers, layout and procees of synthesis includerelevant information about topic.On every unique as well as efficient process for effective reducton of C.O.D and NH3-N. Details of pre as well as post procees effect on every stream is giveing the importance to process importance.
This document provides information on cooling towers, including types, components, performance parameters for assessment, and opportunities for improved energy efficiency. It discusses the main types of cooling towers as natural draft, mechanical draft (including forced draft, induced draft counter flow and cross flow), and compares fill media options. Key performance parameters covered include range, approach, effectiveness, cooling capacity, and cycles of concentration. Energy efficiency opportunities discussed include selecting an appropriately sized tower, optimizing fill media, improving water distribution and treatment, upgrading fans and motors, and reducing drift losses.
The document discusses various types of scrubbing systems used to remove particulate and gaseous pollutants from exhaust gases. It describes venturi scrubbers, orifice scrubbers, plate towers, spray towers, baffled spray scrubbers, cyclonic spray scrubbers, and packed tower scrubbers. Venturi scrubbers use high gas velocities to atomize liquid droplets and can achieve over 90% particle collection efficiency. Plate towers and packed towers are effective at removing gaseous pollutants due to long contact times between the gas and liquid phases. The document provides details on the operation, advantages, and maintenance considerations of different scrubbing technologies.
The document discusses the preparation of boiler feed water (BFW) from raw water. Raw water is processed through demineralization to remove minerals, producing demineralized (DM) water. DM water is further conditioned in a deaerator, where it is mixed with recycled condensate, heated with low pressure steam to remove dissolved gases, and oxygen scavengers like hydrazine are added to produce high quality BFW for use in boilers. Maintaining proper BFW quality through continuous and intermittent blowdown is important to minimize impurities in the boiler system and produce stable steam.
This document discusses two-phase flow models and compares different pressure drop correlation methods. It begins with an introduction to two-phase flow and important variables like liquid holdup, gas void fraction, and slip velocity. It then describes the different flow patterns or regimes that can occur, including dispersed bubble, stratified smooth, wavy, slug, annular, and spray flows. The document outlines factors that affect flow patterns and discusses how patterns vary between horizontal, upward inclined, and downward inclined pipes. It concludes that selecting the most suitable correlation is key to accurately sizing pipelines for different applications.
The document discusses raw water impurities and demineralization systems. It begins by describing common impurities found in raw water such as calcium, magnesium, bicarbonates, sulfates and chlorides. It then discusses methods for expressing dissolved impurities and difficulties caused by various impurities. The document outlines pretreatment processes including coagulation, settling and filtration to remove suspended solids. It also describes demineralization systems using ion exchange materials like cation and anion exchange resins. Different demineralization configurations are listed that can be used depending on raw water quality and purity requirements.
06 Treatment of water -Filtration and Water Softeningakashpadole
The presentation has prepared as per the syllabus of Mumbai University.
Go through the presentation, if you like it then share it with your friends and classmates.
Thank you :)
Wet scrubbers are air pollution control devices that remove particles and gases from industrial exhaust streams. They work by introducing the dirty gas stream into a scrubbing liquid, usually water, where the gases and particles are collected. There are different types of wet scrubbers that vary in their complexity and method of operation depending on factors like the industrial process conditions and nature of pollutants. The document then provides details on the features, designing procedure, working principle, types, advantages and disadvantages of wet scrubbers.
The document is a presentation on efficient operation and maintenance of boilers. It discusses typical water and fireside problems in low pressure, medium pressure, and high pressure boilers. It provides best practices for chemical treatment and operating boilers at different pressures. Common problems discussed include hard scale, soot, corrosion, deposition, and tube failures. The presentation encourages contacting Ion Exchange India for assistance with boiler water treatment and chemical products.
Adsorption is the process by which atoms or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid adhere to a surface. There are two main types - physical adsorption (physisorption) which involves weak van der Waals forces, and chemical adsorption (chemisorption) which involves stronger chemical bonds. Adsorption is affected by factors like temperature, pressure, surface area and characteristics of the adsorbent and adsorbate. Common commercial adsorbents include activated carbon, silica gel and zeolites. Adsorption isotherms like the Langmuir and Freundlich models describe the distribution of solute between phases at equilibrium. Adsorption has many applications including
This document provides information about the training received at National Fertilizers Limited (NFL) in Vijaipur, Guna, Madhya Pradesh, India. It discusses NFL's urea production process, including the key reactions, parameters, and equipment involved. It also provides specifications for the prilling tower and categories of urea produced. NFL is one of India's largest nitrogenous fertilizer producers and the first permitted to make neem-coated urea. It has four production units with a total daily urea production capacity of 5740 tons.
Flouride removal ppt BY PMD.RAFI,MTECH (SVU)MAHAMMED RAFI
This document discusses fluoride removal from water via electrocoagulation. It introduces fluoride as both naturally occurring and resulting from industrial pollution, with high concentrations posing health risks. Electrocoagulation is presented as an effective method for fluoride removal, using iron or aluminum electrodes to form coagulant flocs that remove fluoride either through co-precipitation or adsorption. The document outlines the materials and methods used in batch experiments to evaluate parameters like electrolyte concentration, initial fluoride level, pH, and current density to determine optimal electrocoagulation treatment conditions for fluoride removal.
The document discusses concept of common effluent treatment plants (CETPs) in India. It provides background on CETPs, noting that over 18 are operating efficiently in Gujarat, improving the state's environmental management. The largest CETP in Vapi has a capacity of 55,000 cubic meters per day. Advantages of CETPs include not requiring individual industry investment or technical expertise, achieving dilution from multiple waste streams, and reducing treatment and neutralization costs. Challenges include limitations from capacity, unpredictable mixtures, impacts from non-compliant members, and potential for toxic components to pass through unmodified. Technical aspects of establishing CETPs include collection systems, design and treatment options, effluent disposal,
FSMB, Florencia San Martin Brück :: Metáfora, Oil Paintings. 2015.
METAFORA
In the minds of humans exists an area called "unconscious" that produces among other things, the most creative figure: "the metaphor". The painting has a cognitive function, to process information from perception and to acquired knowledge (experience); and the metaphor is one of the bridges that enables the passage from one world to another.
En la mente de los seres humanos habita una zona llamada “inconsciente” que produce entre otras cuestiones, la mayor figura creativa: la metáfora. La obra tiene una función cognitiva, procesar información a partir de la percepción y el conocimiento adquirido (experiencia); y la metáfora es uno de los puentes que posibilita el paso de un mundo al otro.
www.fsmb-art.com
Luna Revelli
Vice President of Development
Metromax Publishing, LLC
1500 King Street, Suite 303
Alexandria, VA 22314 USA
T. +1.202.460.2170
E. luna.revelli@metromaxpublishing.com
Javier Krasuk
Creative Director
Metromax Publishing, LLC
1500 King Street, Suite 303
Alexandria, VA 22314 USA
T. +1.202.460.2170
E. javier.krasuk@metromaxpublishing.com
Venturi scrubbers are a type of wet scrubber air pollution control device that uses the venturi effect to inject liquid into a high velocity gas stream. They consist of a converging section, throat, and diverging section. Polluted gas enters the converging section and accelerates through the throat where it is mixed with an injected liquid, removing pollutants. Droplets are then separated from the cleaned gas. Venturi scrubbers can effectively remove particles and some gases, have small space needs, and handle high temperature streams, but require high power and can cause corrosion and water disposal issues.
Sedimentation tanks allow suspended solids in liquid to settle out under gravity. Particles settle to the bottom and are removed by scrapers. Slowing the flow rate or bubbling air causes floccules to settle or float, forming sludge blankets that filter out smaller particles. Sedimentation tanks have four zones - inlet, outlet, settling, and sludge. Tanks are designed based on operation type (fill and draw or continuous flow), location (primary or secondary), and shape (circular, rectangular, or hopper bottom). Design guidelines specify detention time, flow velocity, dimensions, and slopes. Rectangular tanks are large capacity while circular tanks are used for small to medium applications and constant flows.
Distillation is a method of separating mixtures based on differences in their volatilities through boiling and condensation. Key points:
- It involves heating a mixture to vaporize more volatile components, cooling to condense the vapor into separate products.
- Common uses include separating crude oil, purifying water and air, producing alcoholic beverages.
- Types include simple, fractional, flash, and vacuum distillation. Flash distillation partially vaporizes a liquid through pressure reduction.
- Distillation columns contain internals like trays or packings to facilitate vapor-liquid contact during separation. Fractional distillation uses multiple equilibrium stages for high purity products.
Sedimentation is the process of removing solid particles from water via gravity. It is commonly used in water treatment after coagulation and flocculation. The document discusses sedimentation tank design and calculations for settling velocity based on particle size and density. Examples are provided to design rectangular and circular sedimentation tanks for pre-treating river water to remove grit and sand based on a flow rate of 20,000 m3/day and using an overflow rate of 31 m/hour.
Flue gas analisys in industry-Practical guide for Emission and Process Measur...Testo Azerbaijan
Flue gas analisys in industry-Practical guide for Emission and Process Measurements
-Power generation
-Waste disposal
-Stone and clay industry
-Metal industry
-Chemical/petrochemical industry
Presentaion consits of basic idea about the treatment process of the w//w, mainly come from fertilizer industris. Introduction,m types of fertilizers, layout and procees of synthesis includerelevant information about topic.On every unique as well as efficient process for effective reducton of C.O.D and NH3-N. Details of pre as well as post procees effect on every stream is giveing the importance to process importance.
This document provides information on cooling towers, including types, components, performance parameters for assessment, and opportunities for improved energy efficiency. It discusses the main types of cooling towers as natural draft, mechanical draft (including forced draft, induced draft counter flow and cross flow), and compares fill media options. Key performance parameters covered include range, approach, effectiveness, cooling capacity, and cycles of concentration. Energy efficiency opportunities discussed include selecting an appropriately sized tower, optimizing fill media, improving water distribution and treatment, upgrading fans and motors, and reducing drift losses.
The document discusses various types of scrubbing systems used to remove particulate and gaseous pollutants from exhaust gases. It describes venturi scrubbers, orifice scrubbers, plate towers, spray towers, baffled spray scrubbers, cyclonic spray scrubbers, and packed tower scrubbers. Venturi scrubbers use high gas velocities to atomize liquid droplets and can achieve over 90% particle collection efficiency. Plate towers and packed towers are effective at removing gaseous pollutants due to long contact times between the gas and liquid phases. The document provides details on the operation, advantages, and maintenance considerations of different scrubbing technologies.
The document discusses the preparation of boiler feed water (BFW) from raw water. Raw water is processed through demineralization to remove minerals, producing demineralized (DM) water. DM water is further conditioned in a deaerator, where it is mixed with recycled condensate, heated with low pressure steam to remove dissolved gases, and oxygen scavengers like hydrazine are added to produce high quality BFW for use in boilers. Maintaining proper BFW quality through continuous and intermittent blowdown is important to minimize impurities in the boiler system and produce stable steam.
This document discusses two-phase flow models and compares different pressure drop correlation methods. It begins with an introduction to two-phase flow and important variables like liquid holdup, gas void fraction, and slip velocity. It then describes the different flow patterns or regimes that can occur, including dispersed bubble, stratified smooth, wavy, slug, annular, and spray flows. The document outlines factors that affect flow patterns and discusses how patterns vary between horizontal, upward inclined, and downward inclined pipes. It concludes that selecting the most suitable correlation is key to accurately sizing pipelines for different applications.
The document discusses raw water impurities and demineralization systems. It begins by describing common impurities found in raw water such as calcium, magnesium, bicarbonates, sulfates and chlorides. It then discusses methods for expressing dissolved impurities and difficulties caused by various impurities. The document outlines pretreatment processes including coagulation, settling and filtration to remove suspended solids. It also describes demineralization systems using ion exchange materials like cation and anion exchange resins. Different demineralization configurations are listed that can be used depending on raw water quality and purity requirements.
06 Treatment of water -Filtration and Water Softeningakashpadole
The presentation has prepared as per the syllabus of Mumbai University.
Go through the presentation, if you like it then share it with your friends and classmates.
Thank you :)
Wet scrubbers are air pollution control devices that remove particles and gases from industrial exhaust streams. They work by introducing the dirty gas stream into a scrubbing liquid, usually water, where the gases and particles are collected. There are different types of wet scrubbers that vary in their complexity and method of operation depending on factors like the industrial process conditions and nature of pollutants. The document then provides details on the features, designing procedure, working principle, types, advantages and disadvantages of wet scrubbers.
The document is a presentation on efficient operation and maintenance of boilers. It discusses typical water and fireside problems in low pressure, medium pressure, and high pressure boilers. It provides best practices for chemical treatment and operating boilers at different pressures. Common problems discussed include hard scale, soot, corrosion, deposition, and tube failures. The presentation encourages contacting Ion Exchange India for assistance with boiler water treatment and chemical products.
Adsorption is the process by which atoms or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid adhere to a surface. There are two main types - physical adsorption (physisorption) which involves weak van der Waals forces, and chemical adsorption (chemisorption) which involves stronger chemical bonds. Adsorption is affected by factors like temperature, pressure, surface area and characteristics of the adsorbent and adsorbate. Common commercial adsorbents include activated carbon, silica gel and zeolites. Adsorption isotherms like the Langmuir and Freundlich models describe the distribution of solute between phases at equilibrium. Adsorption has many applications including
This document provides information about the training received at National Fertilizers Limited (NFL) in Vijaipur, Guna, Madhya Pradesh, India. It discusses NFL's urea production process, including the key reactions, parameters, and equipment involved. It also provides specifications for the prilling tower and categories of urea produced. NFL is one of India's largest nitrogenous fertilizer producers and the first permitted to make neem-coated urea. It has four production units with a total daily urea production capacity of 5740 tons.
Flouride removal ppt BY PMD.RAFI,MTECH (SVU)MAHAMMED RAFI
This document discusses fluoride removal from water via electrocoagulation. It introduces fluoride as both naturally occurring and resulting from industrial pollution, with high concentrations posing health risks. Electrocoagulation is presented as an effective method for fluoride removal, using iron or aluminum electrodes to form coagulant flocs that remove fluoride either through co-precipitation or adsorption. The document outlines the materials and methods used in batch experiments to evaluate parameters like electrolyte concentration, initial fluoride level, pH, and current density to determine optimal electrocoagulation treatment conditions for fluoride removal.
The document discusses concept of common effluent treatment plants (CETPs) in India. It provides background on CETPs, noting that over 18 are operating efficiently in Gujarat, improving the state's environmental management. The largest CETP in Vapi has a capacity of 55,000 cubic meters per day. Advantages of CETPs include not requiring individual industry investment or technical expertise, achieving dilution from multiple waste streams, and reducing treatment and neutralization costs. Challenges include limitations from capacity, unpredictable mixtures, impacts from non-compliant members, and potential for toxic components to pass through unmodified. Technical aspects of establishing CETPs include collection systems, design and treatment options, effluent disposal,
FSMB, Florencia San Martin Brück :: Metáfora, Oil Paintings. 2015.
METAFORA
In the minds of humans exists an area called "unconscious" that produces among other things, the most creative figure: "the metaphor". The painting has a cognitive function, to process information from perception and to acquired knowledge (experience); and the metaphor is one of the bridges that enables the passage from one world to another.
En la mente de los seres humanos habita una zona llamada “inconsciente” que produce entre otras cuestiones, la mayor figura creativa: la metáfora. La obra tiene una función cognitiva, procesar información a partir de la percepción y el conocimiento adquirido (experiencia); y la metáfora es uno de los puentes que posibilita el paso de un mundo al otro.
www.fsmb-art.com
Luna Revelli
Vice President of Development
Metromax Publishing, LLC
1500 King Street, Suite 303
Alexandria, VA 22314 USA
T. +1.202.460.2170
E. luna.revelli@metromaxpublishing.com
Javier Krasuk
Creative Director
Metromax Publishing, LLC
1500 King Street, Suite 303
Alexandria, VA 22314 USA
T. +1.202.460.2170
E. javier.krasuk@metromaxpublishing.com
Este documento ofrece consejos para crear un negocio con el modelo de bajos costes o "low cost". Explica que este modelo se puede aplicar a empresas de todos los tamaños y sectores. Detalla algunas estrategias clave como ofrecer una gama básica de productos, precios dinámicos y presencia en Internet para ajustar costes y ser competitivo. Incluye ejemplos de cómo empresas como peluquerías, ópticas y hoteles han adaptado con éxito este modelo.
Johannes Itten developed an influential color theory as a teacher at the Bauhaus school in the early 20th century. His color wheel included the primary, secondary, and tertiary colors. Itten associated specific emotions with different colors and developed seven methods for creating color contrasts, such as complementary and warm/cool contrasts. Itten's theories changed how artists and scientists viewed color and are still used today.
Steiner Rudolf :: El arte y la ciencia del arte
Editorial Antroposofica
Autor Rudolf Steiner
Año 2006
Edición GA 271
Páginas 192
Sobre este libro
Lo que el artista nos presenta es mas perfecto en su existencia natural; pero no le es propia otra perfección que la suya misma. En este superar del objeto a si mismo, pero de todos modos solo sobre la base de lo que en el se halla escondido, reside lo bello. Por lo tanto, lo bello no es una cosa contraria a lo natural; con razón dice Goethe: "Lo bello es una manifestación de leyes naturales escondidas, las que sin aparición de lo bello, habrían quedado eternamente ocultas" ....
El documento describe varios tipos de certificaciones de calidad que las empresas pueden obtener. Menciona que la certificación es un proceso largo que puede durar más de un año e involucra controles, auditorías y el cumplimiento de normas internacionales. También describe algunas de las entidades certificadoras más importantes como AENOR y organismos de normalización como ISO.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document provides shortcuts for Microsoft Windows, Word, Excel, Outlook and other programs. It lists common shortcuts for file operations, editing functions, formatting text, navigating documents and more. Special characters and their keyboard shortcuts are also included at the end.
Filipowicz & konikowski 4...d5 in the cordel defense, spanish gameIzzquierdo
The document discusses the results of a study on the impact of climate change on wheat production. Researchers found that higher temperatures and changing precipitation patterns due to climate change will significantly reduce wheat yields across major wheat-producing regions by the end of the century. Reductions in wheat production are projected to range from 6-27% depending on future greenhouse gas emissions and efforts to adapt farming techniques to new climate conditions.
Acrylic inks are ideal for stamping techniques due to their fluidity. Any type of stamp can be used, including hand-carved rubber or thick plastic sheets which produce unique results. Different surfaces like paper, canvas, and fabrics can be stamped without priming. Transparent stamped images can be layered to create stamp glazes using transparent acrylic inks diluted with airbrush medium. Stamps can also be layered with acrylic paints and mediums.
Este documento describe el funcionamiento del programa Swiss Manager, que puede usarse para gestionar torneos de ajedrez individuales y por equipos. El programa permite crear torneos, introducir jugadores, generar emparejamientos, registrar resultados, y producir documentación como tablas, clasificaciones y certificados. Ofrece versiones de prueba y de pago con diferentes funcionalidades y límites de jugadores y rondas.
http://www.gloucestercounty-va.com What education used to look like. This was a very popular and common way for teaching children about the alphabet. Some old fashioned and fun history. Enjoy.
The document discusses the history and development of chocolate over centuries. It details how cocoa beans were first used by Mesoamerican cultures before being introduced to Europe where it became popular in powder and liquid forms. The document also notes that modern chocolate production emerged in the 19th century with innovations that helped mass produce chocolate bars and confections on an industrial scale.
This document provides guidance for new artists on developing an online presence. It emphasizes that being web literate can help artists connect with others in the art world. While having a website is important, the document suggests a multi-pronged approach that includes blogs, social media platforms like Tumblr and Facebook, and networking sites like Axisweb. Artists are advised to keep their online presence simple, updated regularly, and ensure all links are connected across platforms. Having a strategic online plan tailored to the individual artist's goals and audience is key to success.
H. P. Blavatsky :: La doctrina secreta de las eras arcaicas
La Doctrina Secreta, síntesis de ciencia, religión y filosofía (título original: The Secret Doctrine, The Synthesis of Science, Religion, and Philosophy) es una de las principales obras de Helena Blavatsky. El libro trata sobre la síntesis del pensamiento científico, filosófico y religioso.
La obra original fue publicada en 1888 y se compone de dos volúmenes. El primero se dedica a la cosmogénesis y está compuesto principalmente sobre estudios de la evolución del universo, mientras que el segundo se dedica a la antropogénesis. Los dos volúmenes presentan un resumen de las ideas de la teosofía, movimiento que ayudó a fundar Blavatsky. Un tercer volumen ha sido publicado por la Sociedad Teosófica después de la muerte de Blavatsky. Se compone de una colección de varios artículos suyos.
Los títulos de los seis volúmenes son:
Cosmogénesis
Simbolismo Arcaico Universal
Antropogénesis
El Simbolismo Arcaico de las Religiones, del Mundo y de la Ciência
Ciencia, Religión y Filosofía
Objeto de los Misterios y Práctica de la Filosofía Oculta
Los Volúmenes I y II se corresponden con el primer volumen de la edición original en Inglés y los volúmenes III y IV se corresponden con el segundo volumen de la edición original. El volumen V y VI se corresponden con el volumen publicado póstumamente por la Sociedad Teosófica.
El documento presenta una descripción general de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, destacando sus principales atracciones como el tango, la arquitectura, la vida nocturna, la gastronomía, el diseño, la cultura y los museos. Además, proporciona dos itinerarios sugeridos de un día y dos días para visitar la ciudad, incluyendo lugares como Plaza de Mayo, San Telmo, La Boca, Puerto Madero, Recoleta y Palermo.
Este documento presenta las biografías de 12 líderes espirituales prominentes del siglo XX, incluyendo a John Alexander Dowie, María Woodworth-Etter, Evan Roberts, Charles F. Parham, William J. Seymour, John G. Lake, Smith Wigglesworth, Aimee Semple McPherson, Kathryn Kuhlman, William Branham, Jack Coe y A. A. Allen. El autor, Roberts Liardon, estudió extensamente las vidas de estos líderes para comprender mejor su llamado y prepararse para el ministerio.
This document provides an executive summary of a report on monitoring environmental performance indicators of the paper industry. It discusses four key goals for transforming the industry: minimizing paper consumption, maximizing recycled content, responsibly sourcing fiber, and employing cleaner production practices. It then summarizes some of the environmental impacts of the paper industry, such as contributing to climate change through forest harvesting, manufacturing emissions, and landfill methane from disposed paper. The summary also discusses trends in recycled content and barriers to increasing recycled paper supply to meet growing demand.
This document introduces the Eco-Schools USA program, which aims to educate students about sustainability. It is part of an international program involving over 50 countries. The US program uses a seven step framework to guide schools in developing and implementing sustainable initiatives. Students focus on certain "pathways" or topics, including energy and climate change. Schools can apply for bronze, silver, or green flag awards for their efforts. The introduction emphasizes the importance of educating students about energy and climate change issues so they can address these challenges as future leaders.
This document is the preface to the Toxicologist's Pocket Handbook. It provides background on the author, Michael J. Derelanko, and the purpose and contents of the handbook. The handbook aims to provide a concise yet comprehensive toxicology reference source in a portable format. It contains selected tables and figures from the larger CRC Handbook of Toxicology on topics such as laboratory animals, acute/chronic toxicology, and dermal toxicology. Acknowledgments are provided for contributors to the original CRC handbook.
This document summarizes a textbook on chemical engineering. It introduces chemical engineering as applying physical, chemical, and biochemical processes to improve humanity. The textbook focuses on analyzing mass and energy balances in liquid-phase processes. It explores applications like designing feedback controllers, membrane separation, hemodialysis, optimizing processes with reactions and separation, dynamics in bioreactors, mass transfer limits in reactors, and using membrane reactors. The goal is to enable students to explore the scope of chemical engineering problems and relate the field to practice.
Recommended Best Management Practices for Marcellus Shale Gas Development in ...Marcellus Drilling News
A report researched and written by the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science (Frostburg, MD) on best practices for drilling and fracking for the state of Maryland, when and if drilling is allowed. The report was prepared for the Maryland Dept. of the Environment as part of an initiative by Maryland Gov. Martin O'Malley.
Universalism n critical values for the environmentnadya_ip
This document discusses whether there are universal environmental values that can be agreed upon across cultures. It examines values found in UN treaties related to environmental protection and human rights. Some common values identified include human rights, sustainability, equity and responsibility. However, the concept of universalism is challenging given diverse worldviews. There are debates around whether international agreements should focus on shared goals rather than universal values. The document also explores different perspectives on the human-environment relationship and approaches to environmental ethics from various philosophical traditions. It argues that more reflection is needed on diverse cultural views to help address global environmental challenges.
This document discusses the critical connection between water security and ecosystem services. It begins by introducing the concepts of sustainable development, ecosystem services, and the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. It then explores the ecosystem approach to water resources management and the role of freshwater resources in supporting human activities and ecosystem functions. The document presents several case studies that demonstrate lessons learned about habitat rehabilitation, pollution control, environmental flows, stakeholder involvement, and integrated watershed management in achieving both water security and sustainable ecosystem services. It concludes by recommending various response options to promote the management of balanced ecosystem services and water security.
This document summarizes the benefits, barriers, and opportunities for increasing the use of green roofs and vertical gardens in Canada. It finds that green roofs provide significant environmental, social and economic benefits, including improved air and water quality, climate change mitigation, energy savings, and increased biodiversity and amenity space. However, barriers like lack of awareness, high upfront costs and technical uncertainties are preventing more widespread adoption. The report recommends developing demonstration projects, providing incentives and direct policy support, improving technical guidance and generating further research to help overcome these barriers and realize the opportunities of green roof technology diffusion across Canada.
This thesis investigates the local mechanical environment of bone at the cellular level and its relationship to gene expression and remodeling activity. Specifically, it develops computational tools to analyze experimental data from a mouse study. The tools extract strain energy density values from specific volumes of interest within trabecular bone regions and correlate these local mechanical measures with corresponding gene expression data. Analyzing local remodeling patterns over time helps identify trends in bone formation and resorption within regions. The goal is to gain insights into the local mechanosensing capacity of osteocytes and their role in orchestrating the bone remodeling process.
This document provides an introduction to alternative energy sources. It begins with a preface thanking individuals who helped in writing and reviewing the document. The preface also outlines the intended audience which includes engineering students and general readers with a basic science background. The document contains 12 chapters covering topics like energy demand and supply, environmental effects of energy production, fundamentals of energy conversion, nuclear energy, renewable energy sources, energy storage, and energy economics. It aims to provide a clear understanding of each alternative energy source's potential role in meeting future energy needs.
This document is a professional report submitted by Montgomery Norton in partial fulfillment of a Master's degree in Urban and Regional Planning at UC Irvine. The report provides recommendations to the City of Irvine on how to integrate holistic sustainability into its upcoming General Plan update. It begins with background on the development of sustainability as a concept and its inclusion in state and local planning. It then discusses Irvine's existing sustainability programs and the need to develop a more comprehensive approach. The report will analyze best practices for addressing sustainability in General Plans and provide process recommendations for public participation during Irvine's General Plan revision. The goal is for Irvine to become a leader in sustainable planning and develop a unified vision around environmental, economic and social sustainability through
This document is the title page and table of contents for the book "The Toxicology of Fishes" edited by Richard T. Di Giulio and David E. Hinton. It lists the editors, contributors, and provides a brief overview of the book's four units which cover general principles of fish toxicology, key target systems and effects, methodologies and applications, and case studies. The dedication is also presented to the editors' families for their love and support.
Cytogenetics and Molecular Cytogenetics (CRC Press, 2022).pdfQusayAlMaghayerh
Leon Liehr
Friedrich Schiller University Jena
Jena, Germany
Peining Li
Yale School of Medicine
New Haven, CT, USA
Thomas Liehr
Friedrich Schiller University Jena
Jena, Germany
Susan Liedtke
Technische Universität Dresden
Dresden, Germany
Ivan Y. Iourov
Mental Health Research Center
Moscow, Russia
Marcelo Land
Instituto Nacional de Câncer José de
Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA-RJ)
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Eunice Matoso
Faculty of Medicine of the University
Ligando o nosso futuro com tempo, clima e águaRobson Peixoto
Conteúdo
Prefácio
Conhecimento para a Acção Climática
Segurança Alimentar e Agricultura
Recursos hídricos e os riscos de água
Clima e Saúde
Redução do Risco de Desastres
Transportes, Comércio e Turismo
Energia e Clima
Cidades Sustentáveis
Alimentação e Mobilizar o Futuro
1) Rapid population growth and increasing consumption present profound challenges to human wellbeing and the environment on a finite planet.
2) Demographic changes like urbanization and aging populations will impact lifestyle choices and consumption patterns in both developing and developed nations.
3) Addressing the needs of the world's poorest billion people through sustainable development, reducing overconsumption in wealthy countries, and stabilizing global population through voluntary measures like education and family planning are essential to ensuring a sustainable future for both people and the planet.
This document provides an introduction to the concept of industrial ecology. It begins with defining industrial ecology as the study of the physical, chemical, and biological interactions within and between industrial and ecological systems, with the goal of identifying strategies to reduce the environmental impacts of industry and move toward more sustainable systems. The document then discusses the historical development of industrial ecology, from systems analysis to concepts like industrial metabolism. It also attempts to define industrial ecology while acknowledging there is no single agreed upon definition. Key concepts of industrial ecology discussed include systems analysis, material and energy flows, multidisciplinary approaches, and analogies to natural systems. The document outlines potential goals and teaching approaches for industrial ecology.
This document provides an introduction to the concept of industrial ecology. It begins with defining industrial ecology as the study of the physical, chemical, and biological interactions within and between industrial and ecological systems, with the goal of identifying strategies to reduce the environmental impacts of industry and move toward more sustainable systems. The document then discusses the historical development of industrial ecology, from systems analysis to conceptualizing industrial systems as analogous to natural ecosystems. It also attempts to define industrial ecology while acknowledging there is no single agreed upon definition. Several key concepts of industrial ecology are outlined, including systems analysis, material and energy flows, multidisciplinary approaches, and emulating closed-loop natural systems. The document concludes by discussing how industrial ecology relates to the field of ecology
The document discusses the need for more sustainable practices around plastic waste and recycling. It begins by outlining some big questions around why we use plastics and where we are currently. Plastics usage has increased dramatically but recycling rates lag behind other materials. Climate change and resource scarcity also motivate more sustainable solutions. The document advocates for improved plastic recycling and waste management. It suggests learning from best practices in steel recycling and moving towards systems with fewer steps and larger volumes to improve economics and drive more recycling. The goal is to ensure plastics continue to be widely used but in a way that better manages waste and prevents environmental harm.
Canada; Rainwater Collection System: A Feasibility Study for Dalhousie Univ...D5Z
This document presents a feasibility study for a rainwater collection system at Dalhousie University. It was prepared by a group of 6 students for Dalhousie University. The study examines Dalhousie's current water usage and costs, then determines if a rainwater collection system could reduce costs and municipal water usage. Methods used include interviews with experts, research on rainwater collection systems, and a cost-benefit analysis comparing costs of the system to current water costs. The analysis determined a rainwater collection system was feasible and could save costs if incorporated into new building designs. The study provides information for future research on implementing such a system.
Similar to Handbook of chemical mass transport in the environment (20)
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...Travis Hills MN
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.