Hail damage to thermoset (EPDM) and thermoplastic (TPO, PVC) roofing membranes appears differently and requires different inspection methods to identify. Thermoset membranes are rubber-based and show small, difficult to see tears and indentations in the underlying insulation from hail impacts. Thermoplastic membranes are plastic-based and show more visible concentric circular or star-shaped fractures on the surface from hail impacts. Proper identification of hail damage requires hands-on inspection and knowledge of each membrane type's characteristics and vulnerabilities.
PVC volume cost, How to use Fillers judicouslySiddhartha Roy
Siddhartha Roy explains to concept of Volume Cost with respect to PVC Pipes and cautions against too much filler loading. Many PVC pipe firms have collapsed because the implications of Volume costs were not understood,
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History of plastic pipe
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Why plastic pipe?
Plastic pipe and fittings
PVC (why PVC is so common)
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PVC volume cost, How to use Fillers judicouslySiddhartha Roy
Siddhartha Roy explains to concept of Volume Cost with respect to PVC Pipes and cautions against too much filler loading. Many PVC pipe firms have collapsed because the implications of Volume costs were not understood,
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Next Generation of implantable Polyurethanes UBMCanon
Outline
• Polyurethane Background
• Implantable Polyurethanes: historic challenges
• Case Study: Polyurethane in cardiac leads
• Next Generation of Implantable Polyurethanes
• Future of novel Polyurethanes in long-term implants
PEBAXFOAM IN FOOTWEAR
Lightest foam for shoes
PebaxFoam has a very low density (only 55kg/m3) that allows the design of lighter parts. PebaxFoam is ideal for midsole, insole, impact insert and padding applications. Choosing and using PebaxFoam will save at least 40% weight while maintain critical performance characteristics on the foam components.
PEBAXFOAM BREATHABLE, is the newest range of close cell foam developing by Zotefoams Plc.
The unique close cell foam is based on the hydrophilic grades of Pebax® offering excellent permeability to moisture vapor while remaining waterproof and offering an excellent barrier layer to bacteria.
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Cold stretching has been in use for more than 30 years, but not under ASME code rules until 2008(Code Case 2596). Cold stretching (or cold working) increases the yield limit of a stainless steel material by work hardening it after all forming and welded steps are complete. A vessel can be cold stretched by over pressurizing it 1.5 to 1.6 times design pressure under careful control of the deformation vs pressure as outlined in VIII-1 App 44. The resulting permanent plastic deformation increases the diameter up to 7% and the volume by 14%.
Glass fiber is a material consisting of numerous extremely fine fibers of glass. Glassmakers throughout history have experimented with glass fibers, but mass manufacture of glass fiber was only made possible with the invention of finer machine tooling.
Why Your Company Needs A Privacy Culture & Where To StartTrustArc
Data privacy is so much more than legal compliance! We believe legal compliance should be the result of a successful privacy program, not the goal. Moreover, companies should use personal data to support broader strategic objectives.
How to build an understanding of privacy at your company’s cultural level? How to get the necessary resources for your privacy program?
In this webinar, we explore how creating a culture of privacy within your organization can make it become a top priority and help building an efficient privacy program.
Blow Molding is defined appropriately and also the process compatible materials are listed. Blow Molding is broadly classified as - extrusion type, injection type, Multilayer type. All three processes are explained appropriately with diagrams and their application is also listed. Since every thing has advantages and disadvantages, so is the case with blow molding. References are also cited correctly. I hope you all find it useful
This paper presents a brief discussion of the types and characteristics of self-healing coating systems. Three main structural schemes used in these systems are explained, followed by a review of the synthesis, characterization, and applications of poly(dicyclopentadiene)/Grubbs catalyst system as a case study. The ring-opening metathesis polymerization of dicyclopentadiene in this system is explored, then, methods for chemical and mechanical characterization of the resulting polymer are identified. Finally, advantages of utilizing such a system as well as several potential applications are highlighted.
Dimex German uPVC Windows & Doors SystemsDIMEX Windows
"DIMEX German Brand UPVC Profiles (PREMIUM & PROJECT Series)
– FOR BUILDERS, ARCHITECTS & UPVC WINDOWS FABRICATORS"
THOSE WHO SAY AND DON’T DO IT !
AGAINST – DIMEX SAYS & DO IT
Next Generation of implantable Polyurethanes UBMCanon
Outline
• Polyurethane Background
• Implantable Polyurethanes: historic challenges
• Case Study: Polyurethane in cardiac leads
• Next Generation of Implantable Polyurethanes
• Future of novel Polyurethanes in long-term implants
PEBAXFOAM IN FOOTWEAR
Lightest foam for shoes
PebaxFoam has a very low density (only 55kg/m3) that allows the design of lighter parts. PebaxFoam is ideal for midsole, insole, impact insert and padding applications. Choosing and using PebaxFoam will save at least 40% weight while maintain critical performance characteristics on the foam components.
PEBAXFOAM BREATHABLE, is the newest range of close cell foam developing by Zotefoams Plc.
The unique close cell foam is based on the hydrophilic grades of Pebax® offering excellent permeability to moisture vapor while remaining waterproof and offering an excellent barrier layer to bacteria.
PEBAXFOAM RNEW the most environmentally-friendly foam! Pebaxfoam is chemical-free made from Pebax Rnew a plant(derived material made with 97% castor beans)
Cold stretching has been in use for more than 30 years, but not under ASME code rules until 2008(Code Case 2596). Cold stretching (or cold working) increases the yield limit of a stainless steel material by work hardening it after all forming and welded steps are complete. A vessel can be cold stretched by over pressurizing it 1.5 to 1.6 times design pressure under careful control of the deformation vs pressure as outlined in VIII-1 App 44. The resulting permanent plastic deformation increases the diameter up to 7% and the volume by 14%.
Glass fiber is a material consisting of numerous extremely fine fibers of glass. Glassmakers throughout history have experimented with glass fibers, but mass manufacture of glass fiber was only made possible with the invention of finer machine tooling.
Why Your Company Needs A Privacy Culture & Where To StartTrustArc
Data privacy is so much more than legal compliance! We believe legal compliance should be the result of a successful privacy program, not the goal. Moreover, companies should use personal data to support broader strategic objectives.
How to build an understanding of privacy at your company’s cultural level? How to get the necessary resources for your privacy program?
In this webinar, we explore how creating a culture of privacy within your organization can make it become a top priority and help building an efficient privacy program.
Blow Molding is defined appropriately and also the process compatible materials are listed. Blow Molding is broadly classified as - extrusion type, injection type, Multilayer type. All three processes are explained appropriately with diagrams and their application is also listed. Since every thing has advantages and disadvantages, so is the case with blow molding. References are also cited correctly. I hope you all find it useful
This paper presents a brief discussion of the types and characteristics of self-healing coating systems. Three main structural schemes used in these systems are explained, followed by a review of the synthesis, characterization, and applications of poly(dicyclopentadiene)/Grubbs catalyst system as a case study. The ring-opening metathesis polymerization of dicyclopentadiene in this system is explored, then, methods for chemical and mechanical characterization of the resulting polymer are identified. Finally, advantages of utilizing such a system as well as several potential applications are highlighted.
Dimex German uPVC Windows & Doors SystemsDIMEX Windows
"DIMEX German Brand UPVC Profiles (PREMIUM & PROJECT Series)
– FOR BUILDERS, ARCHITECTS & UPVC WINDOWS FABRICATORS"
THOSE WHO SAY AND DON’T DO IT !
AGAINST – DIMEX SAYS & DO IT
A Small Business view of Commercial RoofingDeluxe Roofing
A third option therefore is to go about seeking a specialist commercial roof maintenance company, but to get any sense out of them or at least anything you can understand you will need to learn a lot of the industry terms and jargon. So let’s first look at what type of roof you have?
Table of Contents
Types of Commercial Roofs.
Spray Polyurethane Foam Roofing.
Single-Ply Membrane Roofing.
Metal Roofing.
Shingle Roofing.
Built-Up Roofing.
Some things you should know about Commercial Roofing.
End
Its very useful book for all the Mechanical Engineers, who are working production side and by this book we know the various types of gaskets and applications.
Technical Bulletin 0213 Polyisocyanurate vs. Cellular Glass InsulationDyplast Products
This Technical Bulletin is another in our series of white papers aimed at providing our clients, engineers, specifiers, contractors, fabricators, and friends with objective information on our products and those of our competitors. This Bulletin focuses on a comparison of the physical properties of closed cell2 polyisocyanurate3 (polyiso or PIR) rigid foam insulation products with those of cellular glass insulation products for demanding below-ambient applications such as cryogenic, refrigerant, and chilled water where energy efficiency, moisture intrusion, and condensation are issues.
Waterproofing sealants are materials that are applied to surfaces and joints to create a barrier against water infiltration. They are commonly used in various construction applications, including roofs, windows, doors, bathrooms, and basements. Here are some key points about waterproofing sealants:
Contact Information
Durotech Industries, 14 Essex Street Minto NSW 2566 Australia
02 9603 1177
sales@durotechindustries.com.au
https://www.durotechindustries.com.au/
Technical Bulletin 0213 Polyisocyanurate vs. Cellular Glass InsulationJoe Hughes
This Technical Bulletin is another in our series of white papers aimed at providing our clients, engineers, specifiers, contractors, fabricators, and friends with objective information on our products and those of our competitors. This Bulletin focuses on a comparison of the physical properties of closed cell2 polyisocyanurate3 (polyiso or PIR) rigid foam insulation products with those of cellular glass insulation products for demanding below-ambient applications such as cryogenic, refrigerant, and chilled water where energy efficiency, moisture intrusion, and condensation are issues.
Started to create milestones, we S. M. Adhesives marked our presence in the year 1998 and operates in the manufacturing/servicing of Inorganic Concrete Penetrant And Water Repellent, Expansion Joint Water Proofing System, SMAC EPOTAR HB (Coal Tar Epoxy Coating), Ecofriendly Exterior Paint, Drain Outlets Water Proofing System since 13 years. Our quality services/products have always won us many appreciations from our clients. Our spontaneous performance and confident approach in offering the excellent range of Inorganic Concrete Penetrant And Water Repellent, Expansion Joint Water Proofing System, SMAC EPOTAR HB (Coal Tar Epoxy Coating), Ecofriendly Exterior Paint, Drain Outlets Water Proofing System, Anti Corrosive Coating that has made us to deepen our roots in the market. We S. M. Adhesives breathe with the aim to satisfy our clients with our smart products/services. We are a unit of highly experienced professionals who all contribute best of their potentials to offer high efficiency.
Analogy of Some Physicomechanical Properties for Rubber Cementijtsrd
The research is aimed to characterize and apply the rubber cement. The physicomechanical properties of rubber cement such as tensile strength, elongation at break, waste uptake and compression percent were determined by standard rubber testing. Tensile strength of 28 to 32 kg cm2, elongation at break of 580 to 630 , water uptake 24 hours of 8 to 10 and compression percent of 80 to 85 were obtained. Determination of swelling parameters of rubber cements was carried out with respect to selected oil gasoline . The manufacture of products from recycled materials has technologic, economic, and environmental advantages that have become attractive in recent years. The ever increasing amount of waste rubber from disposal of used tires has grown into a serious environmental problem around the world. Dr. Htoon Nay Oo ""Analogy of Some Physicomechanical Properties for Rubber Cement"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25103.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/polymer-chemistry/25103/analogy-of-some-physicomechanical-properties-for-rubber-cement/dr-htoon-nay-oo
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Simpolo Tiles & Bathware
Tile ho,
toh Simpolo.
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We endure gratification for every experience we offer, created to share something meaningful. It may not resonate with the majority, but that makes us a class apart. If only a handful were to understand the purpose of our existence, we would be proud to have found our believers. Rather, people with whom we can share our beliefs.
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Flat available for sale
Location- Tupudana, Ranchi
Savitri enclave
Area- 3BHK
Rate- 4000/sq.ft.
Super Build Up Area-1629 sq.ft.
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Rate- 65lakh16k(approx)
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Balcony- 2
Washroom- 2
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Possession year (Handover year)- Dec 2025
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=== Investing In The US As A Canadian… And How To Do It RIGHT!! (feat. Erwin Szeto) ===
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☑️ What is cashflow like?
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Website: https://www.infinitywealth.ca/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/iwinrealestate and https://www.facebook.com/ErwinSzetoOfficial
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Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/iwinrealestate/ and https://www.instagram.com/erwinszeto/
Investing In The US As A Canadian… And How To Do It RIGHT!! (feat. Erwin Szet...
Hail Damage to Termoset and Thermoplastic Roofing Membranes
1. PLRB HAIL DAMAGE TO THERMOSET AND THERMOPLASTIC ROOFING MEMBRANES
Author: Kevin Maxwell, PE, SFE, The Vertex Companies, Inc.
Edition Date: May 24, 2017
Subject: ~ TYCK; Test Your Claims Knowledge; thermoset, thermoplastic, hail damage, roof hail damage, EPDM, TPO,
PVC, rubber membrane, plastic membrane, single ply membrane, ballast, mechanically attached, fully adhered
membrane, rigid insulation, impact energy, star shaped fractures, concentric circular fractures, reinforced and non-
reinforced membranes
"Hail Damage to Thermoset and Thermoplastic Roofing Membranes"
Part 1 of 2: Recognizing Hail Damage on Single-Ply Roofing Membranes
Introduction:
When discussing single-ply roofing membranes, which
are the fastest growing new and re-roofing products in
the industry, you have probably heard the terms
"thermoset" and/or "thermoplastic" membranes. These
terms categorize much smaller sub-groups of specific
membrane types by the materials and manufacturing
process. This article will allow you to become familiar
with these terms and understand the different
characteristics of hailstone impact damage to each
category of product.
What is the difference between thermoset and
thermoplastic membranes?
When discussing thermoplastic or thermoset
membranes, they are typically referred to as the specific
type of product, which may be more familiar to your
vocabulary. The most popular thermoplastic types of
membranes are TPO and PVC which stand for
"thermoplastic polyolefin" and "polyvinyl chloride,"
respectively. TPO hardens when cooled and is more
rigid. The most common type of thermoset membrane
is EPDM which stands for "ethylene propylene diene
monomer" or is also referred to as rubber roofing.
Hypalon, another product you may be familiar with, is
manufactured as a thermoplastic, but as it cures over
time, it becomes a thermoset. During this discussion,
we will refer to thermoplastic membranes as TPO & PVC
and thermoset membranes as EPDM for ease of
discussion.
The main difference between thermoplastic and
thermoset is that thermoplastic membranes are,
essentially, plastic (compounded from plastic polymers,
and contain plasticizers) while thermoset membranes
are, essentially, rubber (compounded from rubber
polymers). Hence the reason that thermoset
membranes are sometimes referred to as "rubber
roofing." EPDM membranes are more likely to allow
impact damage to the underlying installation.
Additionally, thermoplastic membranes can be heated
and melted down for recycling or extrusion. As
thermoplastic materials cool down, they harden.
Thermoset membranes are hardened into a specific
shape using heat and pressure. This is an irreversible
chemical process which cannot be reprocessed or
melted for reusability.
To summarize, both thermoset and thermoplastic
membranes are single-ply roofing membranes.
Thermoset membranes are made of rubber compounds
and are also known as EPDM. Thermoplastic
membranes are made of plastic and are also known as
TPO or PVC (which are two different types of
thermoplastic membranes).
2. What does hail damage to a thermoplastic (TPO/PVC)
roof look like?
Due to the fact that single-ply membranes are
becoming such a large market share of new and re-
roofing products, a wide range of testing has been
conducted, including impact testing which would
correlate with hailstone impacts. These testing methods
will be discussed in more detail in a follow-up article. As
can be expected, the damage characteristics for each
type of membrane are distinctly different. Hail damage
to TPO & PVC membranes is typically evidenced by
concentric circular fractures or star-shaped fractures
within the top ply of the membrane.
Concentric fracture to thermoplastic membrane
from hailstone impact. Source: Frontier Roofing
Star shaped fracture to thermoplastic membrane
from hailstone impact. Source: Northcross Roofing
Typically, on more recent hail damage, you would
expect to find spatter marks or cleaned areas of the
membrane which correspond with the fractures. Due to
the fact that the TPO & PVC membranes are plastic-
based and hardened when cooled, the fractures within
the membrane are more visible and evident and do not
take a hands-and-knees inspection to identify, although
micro-fractures can occur. Over time, the plasticizers
evaporate and reduce the width of the membranes.
Studies have shown that a TPO membrane can lose 1
mil a year of thickness while a PVC membrane can lose
0.5 mil of thickness per year. If you think about a 45 mil
TPO membrane losing 20 mils over a 20 year period, in
some cases the reinforcement may become exposed
and therefore more acceptable to smaller hailstone
impacts. This phenomenon helps explain how TPO &
PVC membranes are fractured and damaged by
hailstones of differing size and impact energy. It should
be noted that the testing discussed in the next section
does not take into account the loss of plasticizers over
the life cycle of a membrane. Also, due to the fact that
the TPO & PVC membranes are more rigid and impact
resistant, the kinetic impact energy is dissipated
horizontally across the membrane and the underlying
insulation typically does not experience significant
indentations or facer sheet fractures.
What does hail damage to a thermoset (EPDM) roof
look like?
Hail damage to EPDM membranes is typically evidenced
by indentations within the underlying insulation boards
and small discrete tears within the membrane.
Typically, on more recent hail damage, you would
expect to find spatter marks which correspond with the
indentations and/or tears. Due to the fact that the
EPDM membranes are rubber based and are more
flexible and retract, the tears within the membrane are
difficult to see with the naked eye in most cases.
Tear to EPDM membrane from hail impact. Source: Flat Roof Doctor