The document provides information on various aspects of Smartwall partition systems, including:
- Corrosion resistance of galvalume coated steel studs
- Crack-free construction through proper screw placement and use of jointing compound
- Stronger bottom tracks and deflection compensating tracks to handle building movement
- Sound transmission class ratings between 25-50 depending on sound source and level
- Fire ratings through compartmentalization and tested assemblies able to withstand heat and prevent smoke/flame spread
- Impact resistance through transferring force to the steel stud framework behind drywall boards
Marvin Wood Window Installation InstructionsPatrick White
ย
This document provides instructions for installing a Marvin wood window in new wood frame construction using an industry approved water management system. Key steps include:
1. Preparing the rough opening by trimming back the air barrier or building paper and installing a sill pan.
2. Preparing the window unit by inspecting for damage and applying installation brackets if needed.
3. Positioning the window in the opening, leveling, plumbing, and temporarily securing it.
4. Installing shims to square the unit within the opening and fully securing it with nails or screws.
5. Flashing and sealing around the window to protect from water intrusion.
The instructions emphasize proper
Hail Damage to Termoset and Thermoplastic Roofing MembranesLisa Dehner
ย
Hail damage to thermoset (EPDM) and thermoplastic (TPO, PVC) roofing membranes appears differently and requires different inspection methods to identify. Thermoset membranes are rubber-based and show small, difficult to see tears and indentations in the underlying insulation from hail impacts. Thermoplastic membranes are plastic-based and show more visible concentric circular or star-shaped fractures on the surface from hail impacts. Proper identification of hail damage requires hands-on inspection and knowledge of each membrane type's characteristics and vulnerabilities.
VERTEX's Kevin Maxwell, PE, SFE, publishes a detailed analysis of Thermoset and Thermoplastic Roofing Membranes, specifically how to recognize hail damage on single-ply roofing membranes.
The 2012 hailstorm in Dallas-Ft. Worth caused over $1 billion in insurance losses, the costliest single hailstorm event on record. Aggregate-surfaced built-up roofs and ballasted single-ply membranes performed best, suffering little damage. Steep-slope roofs with impact-resistant shingles conforming to UL 2218 also showed superior performance compared to standard asphalt shingles. While hailstorms provide economic benefits to some industries, they can also increase insurance costs and risks of contractor fraud for homeowners if proper precautions are not taken. Recycling of roofing debris is important to mitigate environmental impacts.
The document discusses hurricane-resistant laminated glass and its benefits. It provides an overview of hurricane formation and classification, the effects of hurricanes on unprotected structures, test requirements, and building code standards for hurricane-resistant glazing products. Laminated glass systems can provide passive protection from windborne debris and meet impact resistance testing standards required by building codes. Laminated glass has additional benefits like security, aesthetics, acoustic properties, and energy efficiency.
This document provides information on NEOGARD building envelope systems from Curt Carpenter of C&G Coatings. It discusses that NEOGARD is a division of Jones-Blair focused on waterproofing, roofing and flooring coating systems. It then describes various NEOGARD product types and systems, provides credentials and examples of project applications. Specific NEOGARD roofing and waterproofing systems are showcased, including spray polyurethane foam and elastomeric coating examples.
2011 CTM Session 2: Terminology for Productsnovacsi
ย
Focus on Division 07 to understand what happens when specifications terminology requires significant interpretation by the contractor or mixes up terminology, and the potential impact to prices, contracts, and project success.
The document provides information on various aspects of Smartwall partition systems, including:
- Corrosion resistance of galvalume coated steel studs
- Crack-free construction through proper screw placement and use of jointing compound
- Stronger bottom tracks and deflection compensating tracks to handle building movement
- Sound transmission class ratings between 25-50 depending on sound source and level
- Fire ratings through compartmentalization and tested assemblies able to withstand heat and prevent smoke/flame spread
- Impact resistance through transferring force to the steel stud framework behind drywall boards
Marvin Wood Window Installation InstructionsPatrick White
ย
This document provides instructions for installing a Marvin wood window in new wood frame construction using an industry approved water management system. Key steps include:
1. Preparing the rough opening by trimming back the air barrier or building paper and installing a sill pan.
2. Preparing the window unit by inspecting for damage and applying installation brackets if needed.
3. Positioning the window in the opening, leveling, plumbing, and temporarily securing it.
4. Installing shims to square the unit within the opening and fully securing it with nails or screws.
5. Flashing and sealing around the window to protect from water intrusion.
The instructions emphasize proper
Hail Damage to Termoset and Thermoplastic Roofing MembranesLisa Dehner
ย
Hail damage to thermoset (EPDM) and thermoplastic (TPO, PVC) roofing membranes appears differently and requires different inspection methods to identify. Thermoset membranes are rubber-based and show small, difficult to see tears and indentations in the underlying insulation from hail impacts. Thermoplastic membranes are plastic-based and show more visible concentric circular or star-shaped fractures on the surface from hail impacts. Proper identification of hail damage requires hands-on inspection and knowledge of each membrane type's characteristics and vulnerabilities.
VERTEX's Kevin Maxwell, PE, SFE, publishes a detailed analysis of Thermoset and Thermoplastic Roofing Membranes, specifically how to recognize hail damage on single-ply roofing membranes.
The 2012 hailstorm in Dallas-Ft. Worth caused over $1 billion in insurance losses, the costliest single hailstorm event on record. Aggregate-surfaced built-up roofs and ballasted single-ply membranes performed best, suffering little damage. Steep-slope roofs with impact-resistant shingles conforming to UL 2218 also showed superior performance compared to standard asphalt shingles. While hailstorms provide economic benefits to some industries, they can also increase insurance costs and risks of contractor fraud for homeowners if proper precautions are not taken. Recycling of roofing debris is important to mitigate environmental impacts.
The document discusses hurricane-resistant laminated glass and its benefits. It provides an overview of hurricane formation and classification, the effects of hurricanes on unprotected structures, test requirements, and building code standards for hurricane-resistant glazing products. Laminated glass systems can provide passive protection from windborne debris and meet impact resistance testing standards required by building codes. Laminated glass has additional benefits like security, aesthetics, acoustic properties, and energy efficiency.
This document provides information on NEOGARD building envelope systems from Curt Carpenter of C&G Coatings. It discusses that NEOGARD is a division of Jones-Blair focused on waterproofing, roofing and flooring coating systems. It then describes various NEOGARD product types and systems, provides credentials and examples of project applications. Specific NEOGARD roofing and waterproofing systems are showcased, including spray polyurethane foam and elastomeric coating examples.
2011 CTM Session 2: Terminology for Productsnovacsi
ย
Focus on Division 07 to understand what happens when specifications terminology requires significant interpretation by the contractor or mixes up terminology, and the potential impact to prices, contracts, and project success.
The document discusses various topics related to hurricane shutters:
- It outlines 5 sessions on hurricane shutter history, design, types, installation, and impact glass.
- It provides an overview of different shutter types including roll-up, accordion, Bahama, colonial, storm panels, screens, and fabric screens.
- Key factors in shutter design and performance are discussed such as withstanding wind forces, impact resistance, and preventing water infiltration.
This is regarding the installation in the building signs and the content will cover the effects of insulation in different buildings it also contains a lot of pictures to help readers understand the materials
Selecting the Correct Underslab MembraneW. R. Meadows
ย
The document discusses underslab vapor retarders and their importance in controlling moisture movement below concrete slabs. It outlines how moisture can enter structures through liquid water, air, and water vapor transmission. Industry standards like ASTM and ACI are referenced which provide classifications for vapor retarders and guidelines on their proper installation. Both arguments for and against the use of cushion courses below vapor retarders are presented.
Casing Wear: Causes, Prediction and Preventionpvisoftware
ย
Casing wear creates more serious problems for operators due to its potential catastrophic incidents such as oil spills, blow outs or loss of the well. Check out the this white paper to see how the casing wear model is applied in the software, as well as casing wear preventive measures, and more.
"Fracture Toughness I" is the first half of a 2-hour presentation on Fracture Mechanics by metallurgical expert Carl Ziegler of Stork Testing and Metallurgical Consulting , Houston, Texas. In this webinar, Mr. Ziegler will cover many aspects of Fracture Toughness, including theory, applications, specifications, testing methods, and the effects of various stresses, strains and environmental conditions on your materials.
Manual Tรฉcnico de Glasgrid, firma que produce tecnologรญa de fibra de vidrio avanzada para los recubrimientos de pavimentos asfรกlticos, como los que trabaja EMIN Sistemas Geotecnicos.
Its very useful book for all the Mechanical Engineers, who are working production side and by this book we know the various types of gaskets and applications.
This document provides a guide for householders on flat roof design, materials, construction and maintenance. It discusses the basics of flat roof design, including warm and cold roof types. A warm roof with insulation above the deck is strongly recommended. Essential elements for a successful flat roof include adequate slope, drainage, insulation, vapor control, and protection from sun, frost, wind, fire and foot traffic. The guide outlines maintenance best practices including biannual inspections and repair versus re-roofing considerations. Choosing quality materials installed by reputable contractors can provide a dependable, long-lasting roof.
Technical Bulletin 0213 Polyisocyanurate vs. Cellular Glass InsulationJoe Hughes
ย
This Technical Bulletin is another in our series of white papers aimed at providing our clients, engineers, specifiers, contractors, fabricators, and friends with objective information on our products and those of our competitors. This Bulletin focuses on a comparison of the physical properties of closed cell2 polyisocyanurate3 (polyiso or PIR) rigid foam insulation products with those of cellular glass insulation products for demanding below-ambient applications such as cryogenic, refrigerant, and chilled water where energy efficiency, moisture intrusion, and condensation are issues.
This document discusses leading edge erosion on wind turbine blades and a new protective coating called ProBlade. It summarizes that:
1) Leading edge erosion increases operation and maintenance costs and decreases annual energy production for wind turbines.
2) Testing shows ProBlade provides over 5 times better erosion resistance compared to polyurethane tape and over 50 times better than gel coat alone, with less aerodynamic impact.
3) ProBlade offers a significant improvement in leading edge protection that can help secure annual energy production as tip speeds and rainfall in turbine locations increase globally.
This document provides information on various tests for food packaging, including the purpose and importance of packaging testing. It discusses how testing new packaging designs can save time and money by identifying potential issues. It then classifies packaging tests into material tests and package tests, and further into chemical and mechanical tests. Several specific mechanical tests are described in detail, including GSM (grammage), thickness, pinhole testing of aluminum foil, peel bonding (delamination), seal strength, permeability, coefficient of friction, ink rub/scuff testing, and compression/burst testing of pouches. Standards for conducting each test are provided. The document serves as an educational reference on packaging testing methods.
This document discusses various tests that are conducted on food packaging materials and packages. Some key tests mentioned include thickness testing, which measures the thickness of materials like paper and film using a dial or digital gauge under a constant pressure. Pinhole testing checks for pinholes in aluminum foil laminates, which can impact barrier properties. Peel or delamination testing measures the bond strength between layers in laminates. Seal strength testing determines the force required to separate seals in flexible pouches and laminates. Permeation tests quantify the barrier properties of plastic films to moisture vapor and gases like oxygen.
3M Fire Barrier Moldable Putty+ is an intumescent fire-resistant putty that expands when exposed to heat. It is used to seal openings and maintain the fire rating of structures. The putty comes in stix, pads, and cable wraps and adheres to many surfaces. It has a four hour fire rating and expands to form an insulating char when heated, helping prevent the spread of fire and smoke. The document provides instructions on installing the putty in various applications such as sealing cables penetrating walls.
Technical Bulletin 0213 Polyisocyanurate vs. Cellular Glass InsulationDyplast Products
ย
This Technical Bulletin is another in our series of white papers aimed at providing our clients, engineers, specifiers, contractors, fabricators, and friends with objective information on our products and those of our competitors. This Bulletin focuses on a comparison of the physical properties of closed cell2 polyisocyanurate3 (polyiso or PIR) rigid foam insulation products with those of cellular glass insulation products for demanding below-ambient applications such as cryogenic, refrigerant, and chilled water where energy efficiency, moisture intrusion, and condensation are issues.
This is an introductory presentation into the world of linings that are used in various industries. We will review what a lining is and what types of linings exist in the market place. We will also discuss how to choose or specify a lining system which includes surface preparation, proper application, repairs to lining defect and how fast a lining will be ready for service.
If you have any questions Contact us at:
http://info.international-pc.com/Solutions
Testing equipments used in thermal spraying aluminium coatingAshwary Jain
ย
This document discusses testing equipment used for thermal spraying aluminium coatings. It describes tests performed before blasting includes blotter tests and checking grit quality. After blasting, dust contamination, surface profile replica tape, salt contamination, and temperature/humidity tests are done. Additional tests after coating include dry film thickness measurement, adhesion testing using a pull-off tester, bend testing, and holiday detection by applying voltage to find defects. The tests help ensure proper surface preparation and coating quality.
ESA Module 5 Part-A ME832. by Dr. Mohammed ImranMohammed Imran
ย
The document discusses the brittle coating technique for experimental stress analysis. Some key points:
- Brittle coating involves applying a thin brittle resin or ceramic coating to a specimen. Under stress, cracks in the coating indicate tensile stress regions in the specimen.
- Coating stresses can be determined from specimen stresses using equations that account for properties like modulus and Poisson's ratio.
- Mohr's failure theory is used to predict coating failure, with different crack patterns depending on the principal stresses.
- Examples are given of calculating coating and specimen stresses for different loading conditions.
This document discusses improving roof reliability. It establishes an international commission of roofing experts to gather information from different countries. Lessons can be learned from reliability engineering used in other industries. Historical examples show the importance of element redundancy and retaining knowledge. Present issues include problems with product substitution during construction and lack of proper contract documentation. The commission aims to develop best practices and "tenets of reliable roofing" to benefit building owners, designers, contractors and manufacturers.
Started to create milestones, we S. M. Adhesives marked our presence in the year 1998 and operates in the manufacturing/servicing of Inorganic Concrete Penetrant And Water Repellent, Expansion Joint Water Proofing System, SMAC EPOTAR HB (Coal Tar Epoxy Coating), Ecofriendly Exterior Paint, Drain Outlets Water Proofing System since 13 years. Our quality services/products have always won us many appreciations from our clients. Our spontaneous performance and confident approach in offering the excellent range of Inorganic Concrete Penetrant And Water Repellent, Expansion Joint Water Proofing System, SMAC EPOTAR HB (Coal Tar Epoxy Coating), Ecofriendly Exterior Paint, Drain Outlets Water Proofing System, Anti Corrosive Coating that has made us to deepen our roots in the market. We S. M. Adhesives breathe with the aim to satisfy our clients with our smart products/services. We are a unit of highly experienced professionals who all contribute best of their potentials to offer high efficiency.
The document discusses various topics related to hurricane shutters:
- It outlines 5 sessions on hurricane shutter history, design, types, installation, and impact glass.
- It provides an overview of different shutter types including roll-up, accordion, Bahama, colonial, storm panels, screens, and fabric screens.
- Key factors in shutter design and performance are discussed such as withstanding wind forces, impact resistance, and preventing water infiltration.
This is regarding the installation in the building signs and the content will cover the effects of insulation in different buildings it also contains a lot of pictures to help readers understand the materials
Selecting the Correct Underslab MembraneW. R. Meadows
ย
The document discusses underslab vapor retarders and their importance in controlling moisture movement below concrete slabs. It outlines how moisture can enter structures through liquid water, air, and water vapor transmission. Industry standards like ASTM and ACI are referenced which provide classifications for vapor retarders and guidelines on their proper installation. Both arguments for and against the use of cushion courses below vapor retarders are presented.
Casing Wear: Causes, Prediction and Preventionpvisoftware
ย
Casing wear creates more serious problems for operators due to its potential catastrophic incidents such as oil spills, blow outs or loss of the well. Check out the this white paper to see how the casing wear model is applied in the software, as well as casing wear preventive measures, and more.
"Fracture Toughness I" is the first half of a 2-hour presentation on Fracture Mechanics by metallurgical expert Carl Ziegler of Stork Testing and Metallurgical Consulting , Houston, Texas. In this webinar, Mr. Ziegler will cover many aspects of Fracture Toughness, including theory, applications, specifications, testing methods, and the effects of various stresses, strains and environmental conditions on your materials.
Manual Tรฉcnico de Glasgrid, firma que produce tecnologรญa de fibra de vidrio avanzada para los recubrimientos de pavimentos asfรกlticos, como los que trabaja EMIN Sistemas Geotecnicos.
Its very useful book for all the Mechanical Engineers, who are working production side and by this book we know the various types of gaskets and applications.
This document provides a guide for householders on flat roof design, materials, construction and maintenance. It discusses the basics of flat roof design, including warm and cold roof types. A warm roof with insulation above the deck is strongly recommended. Essential elements for a successful flat roof include adequate slope, drainage, insulation, vapor control, and protection from sun, frost, wind, fire and foot traffic. The guide outlines maintenance best practices including biannual inspections and repair versus re-roofing considerations. Choosing quality materials installed by reputable contractors can provide a dependable, long-lasting roof.
Technical Bulletin 0213 Polyisocyanurate vs. Cellular Glass InsulationJoe Hughes
ย
This Technical Bulletin is another in our series of white papers aimed at providing our clients, engineers, specifiers, contractors, fabricators, and friends with objective information on our products and those of our competitors. This Bulletin focuses on a comparison of the physical properties of closed cell2 polyisocyanurate3 (polyiso or PIR) rigid foam insulation products with those of cellular glass insulation products for demanding below-ambient applications such as cryogenic, refrigerant, and chilled water where energy efficiency, moisture intrusion, and condensation are issues.
This document discusses leading edge erosion on wind turbine blades and a new protective coating called ProBlade. It summarizes that:
1) Leading edge erosion increases operation and maintenance costs and decreases annual energy production for wind turbines.
2) Testing shows ProBlade provides over 5 times better erosion resistance compared to polyurethane tape and over 50 times better than gel coat alone, with less aerodynamic impact.
3) ProBlade offers a significant improvement in leading edge protection that can help secure annual energy production as tip speeds and rainfall in turbine locations increase globally.
This document provides information on various tests for food packaging, including the purpose and importance of packaging testing. It discusses how testing new packaging designs can save time and money by identifying potential issues. It then classifies packaging tests into material tests and package tests, and further into chemical and mechanical tests. Several specific mechanical tests are described in detail, including GSM (grammage), thickness, pinhole testing of aluminum foil, peel bonding (delamination), seal strength, permeability, coefficient of friction, ink rub/scuff testing, and compression/burst testing of pouches. Standards for conducting each test are provided. The document serves as an educational reference on packaging testing methods.
This document discusses various tests that are conducted on food packaging materials and packages. Some key tests mentioned include thickness testing, which measures the thickness of materials like paper and film using a dial or digital gauge under a constant pressure. Pinhole testing checks for pinholes in aluminum foil laminates, which can impact barrier properties. Peel or delamination testing measures the bond strength between layers in laminates. Seal strength testing determines the force required to separate seals in flexible pouches and laminates. Permeation tests quantify the barrier properties of plastic films to moisture vapor and gases like oxygen.
3M Fire Barrier Moldable Putty+ is an intumescent fire-resistant putty that expands when exposed to heat. It is used to seal openings and maintain the fire rating of structures. The putty comes in stix, pads, and cable wraps and adheres to many surfaces. It has a four hour fire rating and expands to form an insulating char when heated, helping prevent the spread of fire and smoke. The document provides instructions on installing the putty in various applications such as sealing cables penetrating walls.
Technical Bulletin 0213 Polyisocyanurate vs. Cellular Glass InsulationDyplast Products
ย
This Technical Bulletin is another in our series of white papers aimed at providing our clients, engineers, specifiers, contractors, fabricators, and friends with objective information on our products and those of our competitors. This Bulletin focuses on a comparison of the physical properties of closed cell2 polyisocyanurate3 (polyiso or PIR) rigid foam insulation products with those of cellular glass insulation products for demanding below-ambient applications such as cryogenic, refrigerant, and chilled water where energy efficiency, moisture intrusion, and condensation are issues.
This is an introductory presentation into the world of linings that are used in various industries. We will review what a lining is and what types of linings exist in the market place. We will also discuss how to choose or specify a lining system which includes surface preparation, proper application, repairs to lining defect and how fast a lining will be ready for service.
If you have any questions Contact us at:
http://info.international-pc.com/Solutions
Testing equipments used in thermal spraying aluminium coatingAshwary Jain
ย
This document discusses testing equipment used for thermal spraying aluminium coatings. It describes tests performed before blasting includes blotter tests and checking grit quality. After blasting, dust contamination, surface profile replica tape, salt contamination, and temperature/humidity tests are done. Additional tests after coating include dry film thickness measurement, adhesion testing using a pull-off tester, bend testing, and holiday detection by applying voltage to find defects. The tests help ensure proper surface preparation and coating quality.
ESA Module 5 Part-A ME832. by Dr. Mohammed ImranMohammed Imran
ย
The document discusses the brittle coating technique for experimental stress analysis. Some key points:
- Brittle coating involves applying a thin brittle resin or ceramic coating to a specimen. Under stress, cracks in the coating indicate tensile stress regions in the specimen.
- Coating stresses can be determined from specimen stresses using equations that account for properties like modulus and Poisson's ratio.
- Mohr's failure theory is used to predict coating failure, with different crack patterns depending on the principal stresses.
- Examples are given of calculating coating and specimen stresses for different loading conditions.
This document discusses improving roof reliability. It establishes an international commission of roofing experts to gather information from different countries. Lessons can be learned from reliability engineering used in other industries. Historical examples show the importance of element redundancy and retaining knowledge. Present issues include problems with product substitution during construction and lack of proper contract documentation. The commission aims to develop best practices and "tenets of reliable roofing" to benefit building owners, designers, contractors and manufacturers.
Started to create milestones, we S. M. Adhesives marked our presence in the year 1998 and operates in the manufacturing/servicing of Inorganic Concrete Penetrant And Water Repellent, Expansion Joint Water Proofing System, SMAC EPOTAR HB (Coal Tar Epoxy Coating), Ecofriendly Exterior Paint, Drain Outlets Water Proofing System since 13 years. Our quality services/products have always won us many appreciations from our clients. Our spontaneous performance and confident approach in offering the excellent range of Inorganic Concrete Penetrant And Water Repellent, Expansion Joint Water Proofing System, SMAC EPOTAR HB (Coal Tar Epoxy Coating), Ecofriendly Exterior Paint, Drain Outlets Water Proofing System, Anti Corrosive Coating that has made us to deepen our roots in the market. We S. M. Adhesives breathe with the aim to satisfy our clients with our smart products/services. We are a unit of highly experienced professionals who all contribute best of their potentials to offer high efficiency.
Similar to Commercial Flat Roofing: Components and Damage Assessment (20)
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
ย
(๐๐๐ ๐๐๐) (๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง ๐)-๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ฆ๐ฌ
๐๐ข๐ฌ๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ซ๐ข๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฆ ๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ก๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ฉ๐ฉ๐ข๐ง๐๐ฌ:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
๐๐ฑ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ญ๐ฎ๐ซ๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐จ๐ฉ๐ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ง ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐๐ฉ๐ซ๐๐ง๐๐ฎ๐ซ:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
ย
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
ย
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
ย
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
2. COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
WHATISDAMAGE?
The definition of damage can vary. You have functional
arguments & cosmetic arguments leading to subjectivity.
The manufacturer, insurance policy, and hired engineer
may all come up with different definitions of damage.
1
Explain the critical role
collateral damage and
weather data have on
claim validation.
2 3
The Importance of Collateral Damage
Assists in basic claim validation. and helps determine hail size, hardness, volume etc.
It is evidence that damage has occurred and allows identification of damage dates.
Can assist in identifying red flags
Spatter size could be inconsistend with damage observed
Objectives:
Explain various flat
roof systems and
damage assessment
processes.
Explain various
substrate types and
damage assessment
processes.
Spatter Marks
Condenser Fins, + Coil Faces
Can assist in identifying red flags
Inconsistent damage on new and old condensor fins
Soft Metals
Can assist in identifying red flags
Inconsistent damage on new and old soft metals
3. Spatter is the oxidation of any kind fo painted surface or any kind of a
chemical makeup.
Utility Box was Installed in 2004
Storm date was June of 2016
Spatter still evident March of 2020
WhatisSpatter?
It really depends. If the material had been sitting in the sun you could only see
4 years of oxidation accrual. If you remove that, you might not be able to see
this oxidazation as well.
HowLongDoesSpatterLast?
COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
For typical steel panels and flashing, a
common rule of thumb is that the
diameter of an impacting hailstone is
on the order of twice the diameter (a
multiplier of 2) of the resulting
indentation (Noon, 2001).
However, as studies have shown, in
many instances this provides a
conservatively large estimate of hail
size and the multiplier is frequently less
than 2 (Crenshaw and Koontz, 2002,
Petty, 2013).
DoSpatterMarksIndicateHailSize?
4. Can assist in confirming date-of-loss, hail size, etc.
Can be in the form of NEXRAS, NOAA, Hail Trace, etc.
Is API based = no bias = solid evidence
Can still have inaccuricies so must be verified by collateral damage
You should always choose 2-3 weather
sources to corroborate your claim
TheImportanceofWeatherData
COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
6. ImportantConsiderations:
COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
Water Shedding
Capability
The top most layer may mask damage that exists below
The idea that if water shedding capability is the only attribute of a roof that
can be harmed is inaccurate
Always take a 24" by 24" test square
Roof Components Must Be Individually Assessed
PrimaryRoofAttributes:
Fire Rating
1 2
Wind Rating Thermal Rating
3 4
UV Protection
5
These 5 attributes of a roof need to be assessed for damage as they all
contribute to the health and life of your roof.
7. COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
Built-UpRoofing(BUR)
Redundant ply systems
Reliable and resilient
1 ply, 2ply or 3 ply
BUR w/ Granulated
Cap Sheets
BUR w/ Aluminum
or Other Coating
BUR w/ Flood Coat or Flood
Coat with Pea Gravel Ballast
8. COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
BURDamageAssessment:
Primary Concern:
Perimeter & curb flashings
Secondary Concern:
Field areas where ballast is thinned
Check "can't strip" transition
from field to walls/curbs - the
membrane will pull away from
the can't area.
Look for visible damage, then
perform intrusive testing to
determine condition of
substrate
Ballasted
Not likely to sustain field damage
Perform intrusive testing to
determine condition of substrate
Primary Concern:
Perimeter & curb flashings
Secondary Concern:
Field areas
Non-Ballasted
Likely to sustain field damage
Perform intrusive testing to
determine condition of substrate
Check for impact that bruises
the material and shows a
concentric fracture extending
from the point of impact
This is different from randon
crack distribution caused by
heat blistering
9. COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
ModifiedBitumenRoofing
Asphalt-based, close cousin of BUR
Commonly comprised of a base sheet and reinforced cap sheet
Direct-to-Deck Installation
Smooth Rolled Cap Sheet Granulated Cap Sheet
10. Primary Concern:
Cap sheet, perimeter cants, and unsupported areas
Secondary Concern:
Substrate - check to see if it has soaked up water
Granule loss
Fracturing of field-applied coatings
Bruising
Fracturing of asphalt surrounding reinforcement
Fracturing of reinforcement itself
Attempt to Identify the Following:
COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
ModifiedBitumenDamageAssessment
Likely to sustain field damage
Perform intrusive testing to determine condition of cap sheet and substrate
Distinguish between hail and
mechanical damage by feeling for
indentations and bruising
Pull back the cap sheet to check for
star fracturing of the sheet and of the
decking underneath
11. COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
EPDMRoofing
Elastomeric synthetic rubber
Thermoset roof system (1ply)
Reinforced or non-reinforced,
but assessed the same way
Adhered
ApplicationMethods:
Key Facts: Keep In Mind
Ballasted EPDM is the
strongest type and the
hardest to damage
Mechanically fastened you
will be able to identify by the
circular fasteners at the
seams
Adhered will not have the
circular fasteners on the
seams
12. Primary Concern:
Substrate
Secondary Concern:
Membrane
Spatter marks removing the oxidation of the EPDM
membrane
Depressions in the membranes that you can feel when you
run your finger over the membrane
Correspondence between the spatter marks and the
membrane depressions
Attempt to Identify the Following:
COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
EPDMDamageAssessment
Unlikely to sustain field damage/punctures due to hail impacts
Perform intrusive testing to determine condition of cap sheet and substrate
Distinguish
between hail
and mechanical
damage by
feeling for
indentations and
bruising
13. COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
PVCRoofing
Thermoplastic roof system
Heat-welded seams
Brittle roof system that breaks down over time
Sometimes you can see the crosshatching of the membranes
through the pvc
14. Concentric
fractures extending
off the point of
impact
Attempt to Identify the Following:
COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
PVCDamageAssessment
Likely to sustain field damage
Perform intrusive testing to determine condition of cap sheet and substrate
Primary Concern:
Cap sheet, membrane
Secondary Concern:
Substrate
Application Methods:
Mechanically
Fastened
Adhered Adhered Printed
Overlay
15. COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
TPORoofing
Thermoplastic roof system
Heat-welded seams
Stable and flexible
Polyester reinforcement
Application Methods:
Mechanically
Fastened
Adhered Heat-Welded Overlap
at Edges
16. Substrate damage is
likely before
membrane damage
COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
TPODamageAssessment
Likely to sustain field damage
Perform intrusive testing to determine condition of cap sheet and substrate
Primary Concern:
Substrate
Secondary Concern:
Membrane
Depressions in the membranes that you can feel when you
run your finger over the membrane
Fractures in the membrane, especially with older TPO roofs
Attempt to Identify the Following:
DO NOT LET another
party without moisture
meters tell you that this
can just be welded back
together.
17. COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
SPFRoofing
Closed cell polyurethane foam
More common in warmer climates
Can be a mitigation attempt or a roof system by itself
Must determine
whether the SPF was
installed as a coating
over an existing roof
system or if it is an
independent SPF
system
18. Substrate damage is
likely before
membrane damage
COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
SPFDamageAssessment
Likely to sustain field damage
Perform intrusive testing to determine condition of substrate
Primary Concern:
Substrate
Secondary Concern:
Membrane
Very easy to identify fractures and compressions in the foam membrane
Can have material embedded in the topcoat foam which makes
scarification impossible
Can have water damage to the substrate even if the membrane seems to
be able to be repaired
Attempt to Identify the Following:
Water saturation is a huge
factor for roof
replacement. Make sure
you are inspecting for
water infiltration in the
roof system.
19. COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
Substrates
What you see when you cut the roof
Paper faced
Used for thermal insulation
ISOInsulation
Depression of the
insulation
Fracturing of the
facer sheet
(audible upon
compression)
Attempt to Identify
the Following:
Un-faced
Very resilient
Irregular wood pulp material
RigidFiberboard
Depressions that
correspond to
indentations in the
membrane
Very defined fracturing
of fibers
Attempt to Identify
the Following:
20. Can be soft or rigid
Very resilient
Absorbs water
PerliteBoard
Moisture caught in
the substrate,
causing it to
disintegrate
Very defined
fracturing of fibers
Broken off pieces
Attempt to Identify
the Following:
COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
Fiberglass faced
Very resilient
Wood-like and not
compressible by touch
GlassGypsumBoard
Depressions that
correspond to
indentations in the
membrane
Very defined
powderizing of gypsum
from impacts
Attempt to Identify
the Following:
21. Considerationswhenyoudon'thaveathermalloss
argumentorengineeringreportonthesubstrate
They will be able to provide
recommendations for
replacements based on damage
since they made the product
Conclusions from the
manufacturers will override any
other subjective opinions in an
argument
Ask the manufacturer!
COMMERCIAL FLAT ROOFING
COMPONENTS & DAMAGE
ASSESSMENT
Basically just styrofoam
Very compressible by touch
Resilient
Water will not absorb into product
ExpandedPolystyrene(EPS)
Very difficult to prove
damage that warrants a
replacement
Most common issues are
leaks between seams
Attempt to Identify
the Following:
Special thanks to C3 Group for
providing material and coming in to
assist with this training!
Learn more about them at:
https://www.c3adjusters.com/