The document discusses several firearms mechanisms: 1. The 3 round burst mechanism uses a cam and ratchet system to fire 3 rounds with each trigger pull in automatic weapons like assault rifles. 2. The Gatling gun uses a rotating multi-barrel design powered by a crank, allowing for rapid semiautomatic fire. Each barrel fires in turn as it rotates past the firing position. 3. Firearm magazines use springs to push cartridges up and into the chamber for loading. Different gun types require magazines and springs of different sizes based on their design and capacity.

1. GUN DYNAMICS

2. The 3 Round Burst:
 In automatic firearms, burst mode or burst-fire is a firing mode enabling
the shooter to fire a predetermined number of rounds, usually two or
three rounds.
 This firing mode is commonly used in submachine guns and assault rifles.
Other types of firearms, such as machine pistols, e.g., the Beretta 93R
may also have a burst mode.

3. How Does it Work?
 The 3 round burst has a simple mechanism that involves the use of a
cam and a rachet mechanism.
 A ratchet is a mechanical device that allows continuous linear or
rotary motion in only one direction while preventing motion in the
opposite direction.

6.  The cylinder rotates with the concept of Ratchet and Pawl
Mechanism.
 As the trigger moves backwards, a pawl attached to the trigger
pushes on a ratchet to rotate the cylinder. This positions the
next breech chamber in front of the gun barrel.
 Another pawl lodges in a small depression on the cylinder. This
stops the cylinder in a particular position so it is perfectly lined
up with the barrel.
Cylinder Rotation Mechanism:

8. GATLING GUN
1862 & 1865 MODEL

9. PARTS OF 1862 MODEL

10. WORKING
 The Gatling gun consists of an assembly of six barrels, a carrier,
lock-cylinder and cog wheel all fixed to a central shaft so that
they rotate together when a pinion wheel is turned by a hand
crank on the right rear side of the gun. The lock-cylinder is
bored to hold six locks that are free to move within the lock
cylinder. Each lock contains a spring-loaded firing hammer,
which has a tenon extending up through a slot in the lock
cylinder and which rests against a ring cut with an inclined
plane (yellow in diagram).
 As the assembly is rotated the carrier picks up a loaded
cartridge-chamber from the hopper. Then, as the assembly
approaches the top-most point (the 12 o'clock position) the
tenon on the firing pin is pushed back by the inclined plane,
thereby compressing the firing spring.

11.  The solid bulkhead (red) at the rear of the lock cylinder is made strong
enough to absorb the recoil from each shot. A steel plug or wedge (green) is
fitted into this bulkhead so that when the lock approaches the 12 o'clock
position, the rounded rear of a lock rides up on the wedge, and the lock
moves forwards. As it does so, it pushes the loaded cartridge-cylinder hard
up against the rear of the barrel to make an (almost) gas-tight seal.
 The hammer is released, and it moves forward to strike the percussion cap
(or in the second model, to crush the rim of the rim-fire cartridge) and the
round is fired.
 As the assembly continues to rotate, the lock moves off the plug and is
withdrawn by a spring. A second inclined plane is cut into the ring to pull the
hammer back to disengage it from the rear of the cartridge-chamber. This
leaves the fired cartridge-cylinder free to fall from the carrier to the ground.
In case it sticks, a pair of arms, or comb, are attached on the left side of the
frame to force it out of the carrier.

13. SPRING OPERATED MAGAZINES
AK-47 AMT Hardballer 1911 Mossberg
Patriot/4×4 rifle
magazine

14. MAGAZINE:
A magazine is an ammunition storage and feeding device within or attached
to a repeating firearm. Magazines can be removable (detachable) or integral
(internal/fixed) to the firearm. The magazine functions by moving the
cartridges stored within it into a position where they may be loaded into the
barrel chamber by the action of the firearm. The detachable magazine is
often colloquially referred to as a clip, although this is technically
inaccurate.
Magazines come in many shapes and sizes, from tubular magazines on lever-
action riflesthat hold only a few rounds, to detachable box and drum
magazines for automatic rifles and machine guns that can hold more than
one hundred rounds. Various jurisdictions ban what they define as "high-
capacity magazines".

15. Magazine Spring:
A compression spring with oval or rectangular shaped coils placed inside of the
magazine or charger of a firearm. A magazine springs function is to push up the
bullets or rounds to be placed into the chamber.
Magazine springs are typical for most guns but certain types of
firearms require different lengths, forces, and amount of coils. Take
a rifle and a hand gun for example. Certain rifles have longer
magazines or chargers than a usual hand gun. This means that the
magazine spring in the rifle will be longer than that of a hand gun and
will probably have some other dimensional differences in design.
Other differences may apply on different firearms depending on how
the magazine spring will be positioned and how much rate and travel
it will need.

16. BUMP FIRE STOCK
 Bump fire is the act of using the recoil of a semi-automatic firearm or
revolver to fire shots in rapid succession at the cost of accuracy of
individual shots.
 Bump fire stocks are gunstocks that are specially designed to make bump
firing easier, which assist semi-automatic firearms with somewhat
mimicking the firing motion of fully automatic weapons but does not
make the firearm automatic.

17. How Does it work?
1
2
3
4

18.  Bump stocks assist rapid fire by "throwing" the trigger against
one's finger (as opposed to one's finger pulling on the trigger) thus
allowing the firearm's recoil to actuate the trigger.
 Bump fire stocks can be placed on a few common weapon
platforms such as the AR or AK families. They can achieve rates of
fire between 400 and 500 rounds per minute depending on the
gun.

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