GENERAL COMMENTS—CASE 1 Incorporate statesmanship model wi.docxshericehewat
GENERAL COMMENTS—CASE 1
Incorporate statesmanship model within case. Apply the model rather than just state it.
Interpersonal skills of statesmanship applied to main character(s) in case., not just mentioned.
Much of text is not supported by citations but opinion.
Integrate Biblical principles within the analysis of the paper not just added at the end of case.
Importance of emotional intelligence and covenant not just mentioned but analyzed as part of
case.
The case is not fabricated or an opinion of the student.
There are no specific characters. The case is too general. Be specific about Mayor and Board of
Alderman by name, their decisions, actions, etc.
hkmcg
Highlight
Check Box2: YesCheck Box3: YesCheck Box4: OffCheck Box5: OffCheck Box6: YesCheck Box7: Off
IN-TEXT CITATIONS
IN-TEXT CITATIONS
PARAPHRASES
A paraphrase consists of putting the information into your own words.
Indirect Quotation with Parenthetical Citation
Libraries historically highly value intellectual freedom and patron confidentiality (LaRue, 2007).
Indirect Quotation with Author as Part of the Narrative
LaRue (2007) identified intellectual freedom and patron confidentiality as two key values held historically by libraries.
DIRECT QUOTATIONS
APA uses the author (last name), year of publication, and page number method of in-text citation. If there is no author, use an abbreviation of the title in the author’s place.
SHORT QUOTATION - For short quotations (under 40 words), use quotation marks when you write the exact words of the source.
Direct Quotation with Parenthetical Citation
Darwin used the metaphor of the tree of life "to express the other form of interconnectedness–genealogical rather than ecological" (Gould & Brown, 1991, p. 14).
Direct Quotation with Author as Part of the Narrative
Gould and Brown (1991) explained that Darwin used the metaphor of the tree of life "to express the other form of interconnectedness– genealogical rather than ecological” (p. 14).
Note where the period is placed in a short quotation.
Direct Quotes from Online Material without Pagination
Use “para” instead of the symbol ¶ to indicate location of direct quotes of online sources that do not have pagination.
Basu and Jones (2007) went so far as to suggest the need for a new “intellectual framework in which to consider the nature and form of regulation in cyberspace” (para. 4).
LONG QUOTATION - If you are citing a long quotation of 40 words or more, you don’t need to quotation marks, but set the quoted area off from the text by indentation (block format, with double-spacing, and period at the end before the page number.
According to Chalton (2006), the following is a good memory technique:
To avoid retrieval, a good approach is to store information in an organized way and call it up at regular intervals.
Tulving (1966) and others have shown that the act of retrieving information from memory can contribute to learning—the more we use the retrieval cues ...
Listing your sources in a Works Cited page is only one part of the citation process; the other part is making references to your sources in the body of your paper. The purpose of the in-text citation is to inform your audience when you are making a reference to someone else's ideas, words, works, or other information you used to support your writing.
According to the MLA Handbook: "References in the text must clearly point to specific sources in the list of works cited" (214). This means that for every reference you make in your paper there should be a corresponding citation in your Works Cited page, and vice versa.
MLA formatting uses the author-page style when producing in-text citations, meaning that you should have information about the author and the page number when making reference in your paper. Here are several examples of the author-page style, followed by the citation as it would appear in your Works Cited:
1
APA Style Reference Citations
Library Resource Guide
WHAT IS A REFERENCE CITATION?
A reference citation is the documentation needed to make your paper acceptable for academic purposes. It
gives authoritative sources for your statements, helps the reader gain access to those sources, and acknowledges
the fact that the information used in a paper did not originate with the writer.
WHAT IS APA'S STYLE OF REFERENCE CITATION?
APA style uses the author/date method of citation in which the author's last name and the year of the
publication are inserted in the actual text of the paper. It is the style recommended by the American
Psychological Association and used in many of the social sciences. The American Psychological Association
addresses new electronic formats in a separate guide, which UT students can access in book format or online
through the library. Several of the examples in this guide come from one of these sources. The American
Psychological Association offers some guidance and examples at http://www.apastyle.org/. The Writing
Center, on the first floor of Carlson, also offers help to students who are writing papers. This guide only
summarizes a few main points regarding APA style. For full information, please consult the two APA guides
below.
BF 76.7 .P83 2001 REF (available in Reference and Reserves at Carlson Library)
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.) by The American
Psychological Association.
BF 76.7 .P833 2007 REF (available in Reference or at http://utmost.cl.utoledo.edu/record=b2574984)
APA Style Guide to Electronic References by The American Psychological Association.
WHEN USING APA STYLE, DO I NEED TO USE FOOTNOTES AT THE BOTTOM OF THE PAGE?
No, by inserting reference citations in the text, you eliminate the need to use footnotes at the bottom of the page
or at the end of your paper. The citations in your end-of-paper references list should give readers enough
information to locate each source.
NOTE: It is suggested that you consult with your instructor or advisor for the style preferred by your
department. Be consistent and do not mix styles! Inquire at the Information/Reference Desk for style
manuals available at Carlson Library.
EXAMPLES OF REFERENCE CITATIONS IN TEXT--APA STYLE
1. If author's name occurs in the text, follow it with year of publication in parentheses.
Example: Piaget (1970) compared reaction times...
2. If author's name is not in the text, insert last name, comma, year in parenthesis.
Example: In a recent study of reaction times (Piaget, 1978)…
2
3. If author's name and the date of publication have been mentioned in the text of your paper, they
should not be repeated within parentheses.
Example: In 1978, Piaget compared reaction times...
4. Because material within a book or on a web page is often difficult to locate, authors should,
whenever possible, give page ...
1 APA Style Reference Citations Library Resource GuAbbyWhyte974
1
APA Style Reference Citations
Library Resource Guide
WHAT IS A REFERENCE CITATION?
A reference citation is the documentation needed to make your paper acceptable for academic purposes. It
gives authoritative sources for your statements, helps the reader gain access to those sources, and acknowledges
the fact that the information used in a paper did not originate with the writer.
WHAT IS APA'S STYLE OF REFERENCE CITATION?
APA style uses the author/date method of citation in which the author's last name and the year of the
publication are inserted in the actual text of the paper. It is the style recommended by the American
Psychological Association and used in many of the social sciences. The American Psychological Association
addresses new electronic formats in a separate guide, which UT students can access in book format or online
through the library. Several of the examples in this guide come from one of these sources. The American
Psychological Association offers some guidance and examples at http://www.apastyle.org/. The Writing
Center, on the first floor of Carlson, also offers help to students who are writing papers. This guide only
summarizes a few main points regarding APA style. For full information, please consult the two APA guides
below.
BF 76.7 .P83 2001 REF (available in Reference and Reserves at Carlson Library)
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.) by The American
Psychological Association.
BF 76.7 .P833 2007 REF (available in Reference or at http://utmost.cl.utoledo.edu/record=b2574984)
APA Style Guide to Electronic References by The American Psychological Association.
WHEN USING APA STYLE, DO I NEED TO USE FOOTNOTES AT THE BOTTOM OF THE PAGE?
No, by inserting reference citations in the text, you eliminate the need to use footnotes at the bottom of the page
or at the end of your paper. The citations in your end-of-paper references list should give readers enough
information to locate each source.
NOTE: It is suggested that you consult with your instructor or advisor for the style preferred by your
department. Be consistent and do not mix styles! Inquire at the Information/Reference Desk for style
manuals available at Carlson Library.
EXAMPLES OF REFERENCE CITATIONS IN TEXT--APA STYLE
1. If author's name occurs in the text, follow it with year of publication in parentheses.
Example: Piaget (1970) compared reaction times...
2. If author's name is not in the text, insert last name, comma, year in parenthesis.
Example: In a recent study of reaction times (Piaget, 1978)…
2
3. If author's name and the date of publication have been mentioned in the text of your paper, they
should not be repeated within parentheses.
Example: In 1978, Piaget compared reaction times...
4. Because material within a book or on a web page is often difficult to locate, authors should,
whenever possible, give page ...
GENERAL COMMENTS—CASE 1 Incorporate statesmanship model wi.docxshericehewat
GENERAL COMMENTS—CASE 1
Incorporate statesmanship model within case. Apply the model rather than just state it.
Interpersonal skills of statesmanship applied to main character(s) in case., not just mentioned.
Much of text is not supported by citations but opinion.
Integrate Biblical principles within the analysis of the paper not just added at the end of case.
Importance of emotional intelligence and covenant not just mentioned but analyzed as part of
case.
The case is not fabricated or an opinion of the student.
There are no specific characters. The case is too general. Be specific about Mayor and Board of
Alderman by name, their decisions, actions, etc.
hkmcg
Highlight
Check Box2: YesCheck Box3: YesCheck Box4: OffCheck Box5: OffCheck Box6: YesCheck Box7: Off
IN-TEXT CITATIONS
IN-TEXT CITATIONS
PARAPHRASES
A paraphrase consists of putting the information into your own words.
Indirect Quotation with Parenthetical Citation
Libraries historically highly value intellectual freedom and patron confidentiality (LaRue, 2007).
Indirect Quotation with Author as Part of the Narrative
LaRue (2007) identified intellectual freedom and patron confidentiality as two key values held historically by libraries.
DIRECT QUOTATIONS
APA uses the author (last name), year of publication, and page number method of in-text citation. If there is no author, use an abbreviation of the title in the author’s place.
SHORT QUOTATION - For short quotations (under 40 words), use quotation marks when you write the exact words of the source.
Direct Quotation with Parenthetical Citation
Darwin used the metaphor of the tree of life "to express the other form of interconnectedness–genealogical rather than ecological" (Gould & Brown, 1991, p. 14).
Direct Quotation with Author as Part of the Narrative
Gould and Brown (1991) explained that Darwin used the metaphor of the tree of life "to express the other form of interconnectedness– genealogical rather than ecological” (p. 14).
Note where the period is placed in a short quotation.
Direct Quotes from Online Material without Pagination
Use “para” instead of the symbol ¶ to indicate location of direct quotes of online sources that do not have pagination.
Basu and Jones (2007) went so far as to suggest the need for a new “intellectual framework in which to consider the nature and form of regulation in cyberspace” (para. 4).
LONG QUOTATION - If you are citing a long quotation of 40 words or more, you don’t need to quotation marks, but set the quoted area off from the text by indentation (block format, with double-spacing, and period at the end before the page number.
According to Chalton (2006), the following is a good memory technique:
To avoid retrieval, a good approach is to store information in an organized way and call it up at regular intervals.
Tulving (1966) and others have shown that the act of retrieving information from memory can contribute to learning—the more we use the retrieval cues ...
Listing your sources in a Works Cited page is only one part of the citation process; the other part is making references to your sources in the body of your paper. The purpose of the in-text citation is to inform your audience when you are making a reference to someone else's ideas, words, works, or other information you used to support your writing.
According to the MLA Handbook: "References in the text must clearly point to specific sources in the list of works cited" (214). This means that for every reference you make in your paper there should be a corresponding citation in your Works Cited page, and vice versa.
MLA formatting uses the author-page style when producing in-text citations, meaning that you should have information about the author and the page number when making reference in your paper. Here are several examples of the author-page style, followed by the citation as it would appear in your Works Cited:
1
APA Style Reference Citations
Library Resource Guide
WHAT IS A REFERENCE CITATION?
A reference citation is the documentation needed to make your paper acceptable for academic purposes. It
gives authoritative sources for your statements, helps the reader gain access to those sources, and acknowledges
the fact that the information used in a paper did not originate with the writer.
WHAT IS APA'S STYLE OF REFERENCE CITATION?
APA style uses the author/date method of citation in which the author's last name and the year of the
publication are inserted in the actual text of the paper. It is the style recommended by the American
Psychological Association and used in many of the social sciences. The American Psychological Association
addresses new electronic formats in a separate guide, which UT students can access in book format or online
through the library. Several of the examples in this guide come from one of these sources. The American
Psychological Association offers some guidance and examples at http://www.apastyle.org/. The Writing
Center, on the first floor of Carlson, also offers help to students who are writing papers. This guide only
summarizes a few main points regarding APA style. For full information, please consult the two APA guides
below.
BF 76.7 .P83 2001 REF (available in Reference and Reserves at Carlson Library)
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.) by The American
Psychological Association.
BF 76.7 .P833 2007 REF (available in Reference or at http://utmost.cl.utoledo.edu/record=b2574984)
APA Style Guide to Electronic References by The American Psychological Association.
WHEN USING APA STYLE, DO I NEED TO USE FOOTNOTES AT THE BOTTOM OF THE PAGE?
No, by inserting reference citations in the text, you eliminate the need to use footnotes at the bottom of the page
or at the end of your paper. The citations in your end-of-paper references list should give readers enough
information to locate each source.
NOTE: It is suggested that you consult with your instructor or advisor for the style preferred by your
department. Be consistent and do not mix styles! Inquire at the Information/Reference Desk for style
manuals available at Carlson Library.
EXAMPLES OF REFERENCE CITATIONS IN TEXT--APA STYLE
1. If author's name occurs in the text, follow it with year of publication in parentheses.
Example: Piaget (1970) compared reaction times...
2. If author's name is not in the text, insert last name, comma, year in parenthesis.
Example: In a recent study of reaction times (Piaget, 1978)…
2
3. If author's name and the date of publication have been mentioned in the text of your paper, they
should not be repeated within parentheses.
Example: In 1978, Piaget compared reaction times...
4. Because material within a book or on a web page is often difficult to locate, authors should,
whenever possible, give page ...
1 APA Style Reference Citations Library Resource GuAbbyWhyte974
1
APA Style Reference Citations
Library Resource Guide
WHAT IS A REFERENCE CITATION?
A reference citation is the documentation needed to make your paper acceptable for academic purposes. It
gives authoritative sources for your statements, helps the reader gain access to those sources, and acknowledges
the fact that the information used in a paper did not originate with the writer.
WHAT IS APA'S STYLE OF REFERENCE CITATION?
APA style uses the author/date method of citation in which the author's last name and the year of the
publication are inserted in the actual text of the paper. It is the style recommended by the American
Psychological Association and used in many of the social sciences. The American Psychological Association
addresses new electronic formats in a separate guide, which UT students can access in book format or online
through the library. Several of the examples in this guide come from one of these sources. The American
Psychological Association offers some guidance and examples at http://www.apastyle.org/. The Writing
Center, on the first floor of Carlson, also offers help to students who are writing papers. This guide only
summarizes a few main points regarding APA style. For full information, please consult the two APA guides
below.
BF 76.7 .P83 2001 REF (available in Reference and Reserves at Carlson Library)
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.) by The American
Psychological Association.
BF 76.7 .P833 2007 REF (available in Reference or at http://utmost.cl.utoledo.edu/record=b2574984)
APA Style Guide to Electronic References by The American Psychological Association.
WHEN USING APA STYLE, DO I NEED TO USE FOOTNOTES AT THE BOTTOM OF THE PAGE?
No, by inserting reference citations in the text, you eliminate the need to use footnotes at the bottom of the page
or at the end of your paper. The citations in your end-of-paper references list should give readers enough
information to locate each source.
NOTE: It is suggested that you consult with your instructor or advisor for the style preferred by your
department. Be consistent and do not mix styles! Inquire at the Information/Reference Desk for style
manuals available at Carlson Library.
EXAMPLES OF REFERENCE CITATIONS IN TEXT--APA STYLE
1. If author's name occurs in the text, follow it with year of publication in parentheses.
Example: Piaget (1970) compared reaction times...
2. If author's name is not in the text, insert last name, comma, year in parenthesis.
Example: In a recent study of reaction times (Piaget, 1978)…
2
3. If author's name and the date of publication have been mentioned in the text of your paper, they
should not be repeated within parentheses.
Example: In 1978, Piaget compared reaction times...
4. Because material within a book or on a web page is often difficult to locate, authors should,
whenever possible, give page ...
MLA 8th Edition Formatting and Style Guide Purdue OWL StafIlonaThornburg83
MLA 8th Edition Formatting and Style Guide
Purdue OWL Staff
Brought to you in cooperation with the Purdue Online Writing Lab
MLA (Modern Language
Association) Style formatting is
often used in various humanities
disciplines.
In addition to the handbook, MLA
also offers The MLA Style Center, a
website that provides additional
instruction and resources for
writing and formatting academic
papers. https://style.mla.org/
What is MLA?
MLA regulates:
• document format
• in-text citations
• works-cited list
What does MLA
regulate?
The 8th edition handbook introduces a new way to cite
sources. Instead of a long list of rules, MLA guidelines
are now based on a set of principles that may be used
to cite any type of source.
The three guiding principles:
1. Cite simple traits shared by most works.
2. Remember that there is more than one way to cite
the same source.
3. Make your documentation useful to readers.
MLA Update 2016
This presentation will cover:
• How to format a paper in MLA style (8th ed.)
• General guidelines
• First page format
• Section headings
• In-text citations
• Formatting quotations
• Documenting sources in MLA style (8th ed.)
• Core elements
• List of works cited
Overview
Basic rule for any formatting style:
Always
Follow your instructor’s
guidelines
Your Instructor Knows
Best
An MLA Style paper should:
• Be typed on white 8.5“ x 11“ paper
• Double-space everything
• Use 12 pt. Times New Roman (or similar) font
• Leave only one space after punctuation
• Set all margins to 1 inch on all sides
• Indent the first line of paragraphs one half-inch
Format: General
Guidelines
An MLA Style paper should:
• Have a header with page numbers located in the
upper right-hand corner
• Use italics for titles
• Place endnotes on a separate page before the list of
works cited
Format: General
Guidelines (cont.)
The first page of an MLA Style paper will:
• Have no title page
• Double space everything
• List your name, your instructor's name, the course, and date in the
upper left-hand corner
• Center the paper title (use standard caps but no underlining, italics,
quote marks, or bold typeface)
• Create a header in the upper right corner at half inch from the top
and one inch from the right of the page (list your last name and page
number here)
Formatting the 1st Page
Sample 1st Page
Section Headings are generally optional:
• Headings in an essay should usually be numbered
• Headings should be consistent in grammar and
formatting but, otherwise, are up to you
Formatting Section
Headings
OR
Numbered (all flush left with no
underlining, bold, or italics):
Example:
1. Soil Conservation
1.1 Erosion
1.2 Terracing
2. Water Conservation
3. Energy Conservation
Unnumbered (by level):
Example:
Level 1: bold, flush left
Level 2: ita ...
ENGL 205 Long Paper Assignment 300 pts due by midnight on TanaMaeskm
ENGL 205: Long Paper Assignment: 300 pts
due by midnight on Friday, April 16
(file must be in DOC, DOCX, or RTF format)
Examining differences between texts often generates significant insight, especially when there is much in
common. For example, while both the Jacob of Genesis and Arjuna come face to face with a divine being,
what do we make of the fact that Jacob wrestled and struggled physically and Arjuna engages in a
philosophical debate?
Your job is to examine two authors/texts and discern what significant meaning is generated by a meaningful
difference. In choosing your texts, you must identify a significant similarity that allows the difference to
highlight a meaningful idea.
In the above example, the significant similarity is that both Genesis and Bhagavad Gita feature characters
having face-to-face meetings with a deity. That similarity marks a significant area of comparison.
The difference between a physical struggle and a mental struggle then is an area of meaningful
comparison. The thesis would be your answer to the question “what do we make of that difference?”
or “what is the significance of that difference?” or “What does that difference teach me?”.
Each student will write a 2,600-word essay (approx. 8 pages, properly formatted) based on one of the
following choices:
1) Narrative
Compare/Contrast TWO of the following:
• Beowulf
• Don Quixote
• Sunjata
• Tale of Genji
• The Thousand and One Nights
2) Poetry
Compare/contrast TWO of the following:
• a selection from The Classic of Poetry
• Francis Petrarch
• A Tang Poet (Li Bo, or Du Fu)
3) Religion/Philosophy
Compare/contrast TWO of the following:
• Augustine’s Confessions
• Bhagavad-Gita
• Confucius Analects
• The Qu’ran
Specifications:
Your paper must…
be 2,600 words long (NOT COUNTING WORKS CITED PAGE) (approx. 8 pages)
quote, summarize, and/or paraphrase from the following sources:
o the two primary sources—(the literary text or texts you are analyzing)
o at least 2 books/ebooks (secondary sources)
o at least 5 peer-reviewed articles from scholarly literary journals (only one article from The
Explicator is allowed). Book reviews do not count. (secondary sources)
have a descriptive title
provide a reason for comparing the two texts in the introduction
contain a clear interpretive thesis statement that summarizes your conclusions
o remember that your thesis claim should be specific and significant
explain and support its main points with specific examples and/or quotations from the texts
use the alternating format for compare/contrast papers rather than the block format (see below)
contain unified, coherent, well-developed paragraphs with strong topic sentences
cite the literary texts in proper MLA documentation format
be formatted according to the MLA guidelines
be submitted in Blackboard on time.
Structure Notes for Compare/Contrast Papers
T ...
OCC WRITING CENTER APA REFERENCES HANDOUT 1 The Owens Comm.docxcherishwinsland
OCC WRITING CENTER APA REFERENCES HANDOUT 1
The Owens Community College Writing Center’s Quick Guide to APA Common Citations
Edited March 25, 2016
Uses APA 6
th
edition and
The Little Seagull (LS) Handbook
In-Text Citation Basics:
Your parenthetical (or in-text) citations within your paper link back to the References entries at
the end of your paper by giving enough information to tell your readers
which source from your reference list they are looking at
publication date of the source and
where in the source the information can be found.
It is usually best to reference the source in text—usually by the author’s last name, followed by
the publication date (in parentheses) and a past tense signal verb. If present in the source, also
include a page or paragraph number in parentheses at the end of the sentence. APA also
allows writers to include all of these pieces of information together in a parenthetical citation,
with a comma and a space between each piece.
Examples (In-text citation models from LS, highlights added for clarity):
Model 1: Author named in a signal phrase (using past tense):
Author Quoted
Grady (2015), a notable dinosaur expert, stated, “Dinosaurs have become popular
lately since they have been released into the wild” (p. 5).
In this example, the author’s last name is mentioned in a signal phrase, the publication date is
shown in a parenthetical citation directly following the author’s name, and the page number is
given in a parenthetical citation as close as possible to the quotation itself. Notice the location
of the period.
Author Paraphrased or Summarized
People have recently become more interested in dinosaurs due to their increased
presence, according to Grady (2015, p. 5).
In this example, the date in parentheses immediately follows the author’s last name; the page
number then follows the date. Notice the location of the period.
Model 2: Author named in parentheses:
Author Quoted
One notable dinosaur expert (Grady, 2015) has stated, “Raptors do not think of people
as Alphas, but food; they don’t make good pets” (p. 17).
Author Paraphrased or Summarized
Raptors regard humans as prey rather than predators; therefore, raptors would not be
easily domesticated (Grady, 2015, p. 17).
The first example references the author, publication date, and page number split between two
parenthetical citations around the quoted words. The second example references the author,
publication date, and page number in one parenthetical citation at the end of the paraphrase.
OCC WRITING CENTER APA REFERENCES HANDOUT 2
In-Text Citation Examples (continued):
A work with two authors:
Grant and Sattler (1993) shared the results of their archaeological digs in hopes of
bringing dinosaurs to life for everyone, not just scientists (p. 55).
-OR-
Two experts in the field (Grant & Sattler, 1993, p. 55) shared the results of their
archaeological.
Journal Citation Reports.
Guia rápido JCR.
Fornece fator de impacto de periódicos por área de conhecimento, país etc.
Dados extraídos da Web of Science.
MLA 8th Edition Formatting and Style Guide Purdue OWL StafIlonaThornburg83
MLA 8th Edition Formatting and Style Guide
Purdue OWL Staff
Brought to you in cooperation with the Purdue Online Writing Lab
MLA (Modern Language
Association) Style formatting is
often used in various humanities
disciplines.
In addition to the handbook, MLA
also offers The MLA Style Center, a
website that provides additional
instruction and resources for
writing and formatting academic
papers. https://style.mla.org/
What is MLA?
MLA regulates:
• document format
• in-text citations
• works-cited list
What does MLA
regulate?
The 8th edition handbook introduces a new way to cite
sources. Instead of a long list of rules, MLA guidelines
are now based on a set of principles that may be used
to cite any type of source.
The three guiding principles:
1. Cite simple traits shared by most works.
2. Remember that there is more than one way to cite
the same source.
3. Make your documentation useful to readers.
MLA Update 2016
This presentation will cover:
• How to format a paper in MLA style (8th ed.)
• General guidelines
• First page format
• Section headings
• In-text citations
• Formatting quotations
• Documenting sources in MLA style (8th ed.)
• Core elements
• List of works cited
Overview
Basic rule for any formatting style:
Always
Follow your instructor’s
guidelines
Your Instructor Knows
Best
An MLA Style paper should:
• Be typed on white 8.5“ x 11“ paper
• Double-space everything
• Use 12 pt. Times New Roman (or similar) font
• Leave only one space after punctuation
• Set all margins to 1 inch on all sides
• Indent the first line of paragraphs one half-inch
Format: General
Guidelines
An MLA Style paper should:
• Have a header with page numbers located in the
upper right-hand corner
• Use italics for titles
• Place endnotes on a separate page before the list of
works cited
Format: General
Guidelines (cont.)
The first page of an MLA Style paper will:
• Have no title page
• Double space everything
• List your name, your instructor's name, the course, and date in the
upper left-hand corner
• Center the paper title (use standard caps but no underlining, italics,
quote marks, or bold typeface)
• Create a header in the upper right corner at half inch from the top
and one inch from the right of the page (list your last name and page
number here)
Formatting the 1st Page
Sample 1st Page
Section Headings are generally optional:
• Headings in an essay should usually be numbered
• Headings should be consistent in grammar and
formatting but, otherwise, are up to you
Formatting Section
Headings
OR
Numbered (all flush left with no
underlining, bold, or italics):
Example:
1. Soil Conservation
1.1 Erosion
1.2 Terracing
2. Water Conservation
3. Energy Conservation
Unnumbered (by level):
Example:
Level 1: bold, flush left
Level 2: ita ...
ENGL 205 Long Paper Assignment 300 pts due by midnight on TanaMaeskm
ENGL 205: Long Paper Assignment: 300 pts
due by midnight on Friday, April 16
(file must be in DOC, DOCX, or RTF format)
Examining differences between texts often generates significant insight, especially when there is much in
common. For example, while both the Jacob of Genesis and Arjuna come face to face with a divine being,
what do we make of the fact that Jacob wrestled and struggled physically and Arjuna engages in a
philosophical debate?
Your job is to examine two authors/texts and discern what significant meaning is generated by a meaningful
difference. In choosing your texts, you must identify a significant similarity that allows the difference to
highlight a meaningful idea.
In the above example, the significant similarity is that both Genesis and Bhagavad Gita feature characters
having face-to-face meetings with a deity. That similarity marks a significant area of comparison.
The difference between a physical struggle and a mental struggle then is an area of meaningful
comparison. The thesis would be your answer to the question “what do we make of that difference?”
or “what is the significance of that difference?” or “What does that difference teach me?”.
Each student will write a 2,600-word essay (approx. 8 pages, properly formatted) based on one of the
following choices:
1) Narrative
Compare/Contrast TWO of the following:
• Beowulf
• Don Quixote
• Sunjata
• Tale of Genji
• The Thousand and One Nights
2) Poetry
Compare/contrast TWO of the following:
• a selection from The Classic of Poetry
• Francis Petrarch
• A Tang Poet (Li Bo, or Du Fu)
3) Religion/Philosophy
Compare/contrast TWO of the following:
• Augustine’s Confessions
• Bhagavad-Gita
• Confucius Analects
• The Qu’ran
Specifications:
Your paper must…
be 2,600 words long (NOT COUNTING WORKS CITED PAGE) (approx. 8 pages)
quote, summarize, and/or paraphrase from the following sources:
o the two primary sources—(the literary text or texts you are analyzing)
o at least 2 books/ebooks (secondary sources)
o at least 5 peer-reviewed articles from scholarly literary journals (only one article from The
Explicator is allowed). Book reviews do not count. (secondary sources)
have a descriptive title
provide a reason for comparing the two texts in the introduction
contain a clear interpretive thesis statement that summarizes your conclusions
o remember that your thesis claim should be specific and significant
explain and support its main points with specific examples and/or quotations from the texts
use the alternating format for compare/contrast papers rather than the block format (see below)
contain unified, coherent, well-developed paragraphs with strong topic sentences
cite the literary texts in proper MLA documentation format
be formatted according to the MLA guidelines
be submitted in Blackboard on time.
Structure Notes for Compare/Contrast Papers
T ...
OCC WRITING CENTER APA REFERENCES HANDOUT 1 The Owens Comm.docxcherishwinsland
OCC WRITING CENTER APA REFERENCES HANDOUT 1
The Owens Community College Writing Center’s Quick Guide to APA Common Citations
Edited March 25, 2016
Uses APA 6
th
edition and
The Little Seagull (LS) Handbook
In-Text Citation Basics:
Your parenthetical (or in-text) citations within your paper link back to the References entries at
the end of your paper by giving enough information to tell your readers
which source from your reference list they are looking at
publication date of the source and
where in the source the information can be found.
It is usually best to reference the source in text—usually by the author’s last name, followed by
the publication date (in parentheses) and a past tense signal verb. If present in the source, also
include a page or paragraph number in parentheses at the end of the sentence. APA also
allows writers to include all of these pieces of information together in a parenthetical citation,
with a comma and a space between each piece.
Examples (In-text citation models from LS, highlights added for clarity):
Model 1: Author named in a signal phrase (using past tense):
Author Quoted
Grady (2015), a notable dinosaur expert, stated, “Dinosaurs have become popular
lately since they have been released into the wild” (p. 5).
In this example, the author’s last name is mentioned in a signal phrase, the publication date is
shown in a parenthetical citation directly following the author’s name, and the page number is
given in a parenthetical citation as close as possible to the quotation itself. Notice the location
of the period.
Author Paraphrased or Summarized
People have recently become more interested in dinosaurs due to their increased
presence, according to Grady (2015, p. 5).
In this example, the date in parentheses immediately follows the author’s last name; the page
number then follows the date. Notice the location of the period.
Model 2: Author named in parentheses:
Author Quoted
One notable dinosaur expert (Grady, 2015) has stated, “Raptors do not think of people
as Alphas, but food; they don’t make good pets” (p. 17).
Author Paraphrased or Summarized
Raptors regard humans as prey rather than predators; therefore, raptors would not be
easily domesticated (Grady, 2015, p. 17).
The first example references the author, publication date, and page number split between two
parenthetical citations around the quoted words. The second example references the author,
publication date, and page number in one parenthetical citation at the end of the paraphrase.
OCC WRITING CENTER APA REFERENCES HANDOUT 2
In-Text Citation Examples (continued):
A work with two authors:
Grant and Sattler (1993) shared the results of their archaeological digs in hopes of
bringing dinosaurs to life for everyone, not just scientists (p. 55).
-OR-
Two experts in the field (Grant & Sattler, 1993, p. 55) shared the results of their
archaeological.
Journal Citation Reports.
Guia rápido JCR.
Fornece fator de impacto de periódicos por área de conhecimento, país etc.
Dados extraídos da Web of Science.
ProQuest Dissertations and Thesis: acesse teses e dissertações de instituições ao redor do mundo! - Tutorial
Como pesquisar na base ProQuest Dissertations and Thesis.
*ATUALIZADO EM JUNHO/2017*
Guia rápido para fazer cadastro e conhecer os principais recursos do Mendeley, ferramenta para auxiliar a escrita e elaboração de citações e referências.
*Junho/2022
Tutorial sobre MYjournal selector, ferramenta de consulta de títulos de periódicos e fator de impacto.
https://www.edanz.com/journal-selector
Material atualizado em Maio/2022.
*Para acessar mais recursos é necessário fazer update mediante assinatura.
# Material atualizado em Maio/2022 #
Mendeley: gestor bibliográfico - Versão Desktop e Web.
É um gerenciador bibliográfico gratuito da Elsevier que possibilita a coleta, organização e citação de referências. Plugin compatível com editores de texto Microsoft Word e LibreOffice.
Site: www.mendeley.com
Bibliografia com alguns links dos e-books usados nos cursos da Pós-graduação em Física do IFGW-UNICAMP.
*Observação: após baixar o PDF, os links se tornam ativos, ou seja, é possível clicar no link e ser direcionado ao e-book.
Bibliografia Básica com os links do principais e-books utilizados no curso de Graduação em Física do IFGW-UNICAMP.
*Observação: após baixar o PDF, os links se tornam ativos, ou seja, é possível clicar no link e ser direcionado ao e-book.
Tutorial sobre como pesquisar na base de dados Web of Science e utilizar seus recursos métricos e indicadores, bem como sobre o EndNote, ferramenta de gestão bibliográfica.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
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How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Guia para elaboração de citações: ABNT/NBR 10520/2002
1. Normalização : apresentação de citações
Unicamp/ Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin” - Biblioteca
Seção de Atendimento ao público
Orientações na apresentação de citações em documentos de acordo com
a NBR 10520/2002
1- Objetivo
Este guia tem por objetivo auxiliar na apresentação de citações em documentos. Sendo elaborado de
acordo com a norma NBR 10520/2002 – Norma da ABNT para Informação e Documentação – Citações
em documentos – Apresentação.
2- Definição
As citações são trechos ou informações retiradas das publicações consultadas, utilizadas em trabalhos
científicos para dar credibilidade ao trabalho, fornecer informações na área pesquisada, esclarecer,
complementar, fornecer exemplos e outros pontos de vista a respeito do mesmo assunto.
Para maiores esclarecimentos, consulte a norma em vigor na íntegra, disponível na biblioteca.
3- Definições de acordo com a NBR 10520/2002
a) Citações: Menção de uma informação extraída de outra fonte;
b) Citação de citação: Citação direta ou indireta de um texto em que não se teve acesso ao
original;
c) Citação direta: Transcrição textual de parte da obra do autor consultado;
d) Citação indireta: Texto baseado na obra do autor consultado.
e) Notas de referência: Notas que indicam fontes consultadas ou remetem a outras partes da obra
onde o assunto foi abordado;
f) Notas de rodapé: indicações, observações ou aditamentos ao texto feitos pelo autor, tradutor ou
editor, podendo também aparecer na margem esquerda ou direita da mancha gráfica;
g) Notas explicativas: Notas usadas para comentários, esclarecimentos ou explanações, que não
possam ser incluídos no texto.
4- Localização
As citações podem aparecer:
a) no texto;
b) em notas de rodapé;
5- Representação
Nas citações, o sobrenome do autor, a instituição, responsável ou título devem ser em letras Maiúscula e
Minúscula (indireta), e quando estiverem entre parênteses (direta), devem ser apenas em letras
Maiúsculas.
Exemplos:
a) Sem parênteses:
A ironia seria assim uma forma implícita de heterogeneidade mostrada, conforme a classificação proposta
por Authier-Reiriz (1982).
b) Entre parênteses:
“É desta forma que o apagador quântico transforma um fenômeno corpuscular em ondulatório [...]”
(PESSOA JUNIOR, 2006, p. 202).
6- Citação Direta
Transcrição literal do texto consultado. Especificar no texto as páginas, volume, tomo ou seção da fonte
consultada. Seguindo-se então a data, separados por vírgula e precedidos pelo termo, que os caracteriza,
de forma abreviada.
Exemplo:
2. Normalização : apresentação de citações
Unicamp/ Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin” - Biblioteca
Seção de Atendimento ao público
Em outras palavras, de acordo com qualquer referencial de movimento, um raio de luz emitido por um dos
eventos não pode atingir a posição do outro evento no instante em que ocorre o outro evento, ou em um
instante anterior a este (PESSOA JUNIOR, 2006, v.2, p. 207).
a) As citações diretas, no texto, de até no máximo três linhas, devem estar entre aspas duplas. As
aspas simples são utilizadas para indicar citação no interior da citação (citação dentro de
citação).
Exemplos:
“O trabalho de Planck não realizou esse programa. Ele apenas teve o mérito de fornecer o germe inicial
que se tornou decisivo para a elaboração da nova teoria”. (PIZZA, 2003, p. 03).
Pizza (2003, p. 03) escreve: “O trabalho de Planck não realizou esse programa. Ele apenas teve o mérito
de fornecer o germe inicial que se tornou „decisivo‟ para a elaboração da nova teoria”.
Segundo Pizza (2003, p. 03): "[...] a teoria quântica implica uma relativização da „natureza‟ do sistema
físico [...]".
b) As citações diretas, no texto, com mais de três linhas, devem ser destacadas com recuo de 4
cm da margem esquerda, com letra menor que a do texto utilizado e sem as aspas.
Exemplo:
O trabalho de Planck não realizou esse programa. Ele apenas teve o mérito de fornecer o germe
inicial que se tornou decisivo para a elaboração da nova teoria. Esta só emergiu de uma forma
razoavelmente coerente dos trabalhos de Heisenberg e de Scrödinger, mais de duas décadas
depois do passo inicial dado por Planck. (PIZZA, 2003, p. 03)
7- Citação Indireta
Ocorre quando se reproduzem as idéias e informações da obra consultada, mas sem transcrever as
palavras literalmente. A paginação é facultativa nesse caso.
Exemplo:
Oliveira e Leonardos (1943) dizem que a [...] sugeriram realizar o experimento das duas fendas com
átomos, técnica esta desenvolvida na década de 1990.
De acordo com Rieck e Lee (1984) a hipetermia em bovinus Jersey foi constatada quando a temperatura
ambiente alcançava 2.5º.
8- Supressões, interpolações etc.
Devem ser indicadas as supressões, interpolações, comentários, ênfase ou destaques, do seguinte modo:
- supressões [...]
- interpolações, acréscimos ou comentários: [ ]
- ênfase ou destaque: grifo ou negrito ou itálico.
Exemplo:
“[...] ele salientou que o estado quântico deve ser interpretado de maneira epistêmica [como um
instrumento matemático para se fazerem previsões] e não como uma entidade real. [...]” (PESSOA
JUNIOR, 2006, p. 212)
Segundo Feynman (2005, p. 03) "convém notar que a hipótese de serem os núcleos formados apenas de
prótons e nêutrons não é a única possível, nada impedindo por exemplo [...]".
9- Citação de Citação
Citação direta ou indireta de uma obra em que não foi possível o acesso a obra original.
No texto citar o sobrenome e o ano do autor da obra não consultada, seguido das expressões: citado por
ou apud, conforme ou segundo, e o sobrenome do autor da obra efetivamente consultada.
Exemplo:
3. Normalização : apresentação de citações
Unicamp/ Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin” - Biblioteca
Seção de Atendimento ao público
No texto:
Leedy (1988 apud RICHARDSON, 1991, p. 417) compartilha deste ponto de vista ao afirmar “os
estudantes estão enganados quando acreditam que eles estão fazendo pesquisa, quando de fato eles
estão apenas transferindo informação factual [...]”.
Segundo Costa (1983 apud PIZZA, 1999, p. 3) diz ser imenso o ponto de fusão [...]
Na lista de referências:
Na lista de referências relaciona-se o documento não consultado, seguido da expressão apud e os dados
do documento efetivamente consultado. E na seqüência, em ordem alfabética, a referência completa da
obra consultada.
Exemplo:
COSTA, Henrique Pereira da. Física quântica. São Paulo: Editora Brasil, 1983 apud PIZZA, 1999.
PIZZA, José Antônio. Introdução a física quântica. Rio de Janeiro: Livros técnicos, 1999.
10- Destaques
Para enfatizar trechos da citação, deve-se destacá-los indicando esta alteração com a expressão grifo
nosso entre parênteses, após a indicação da fonte, ou grifo do autor caso o destaque já faça parte da
obra consultada.
Exemplos:
"[...] para que não tenha lugar à produção de degenerados, quer físicos, quer morais, misérias,
verdadeiras ameaças à sociedade ." (SOUTO, 1916, p. 46, grifo nosso).
“[...] nesse caso, sabe-se que a soma dos momentos das duas partículas é zero, p1x + p2x = 0, mas nada
se sabe sobre os momentos individuais. [...]” (PESSOA JUNIOR, 2006, v. 2, p. 209, grifo do autor).
11- Tradução
Quando a citação incluir texto traduzido pelo autor do trabalho, deve-se incluir, após a chamada da
citação, a expressão “tradução nossa”, entre parênteses.
Exemplo:
“Em 1838, Faraday realizou uma série de experimentos com descargas elétricas em gases rarefeitos,
usando pilhas voltaicas como fonte de produção de energia elétrica [...] que produziram flashes de luzes
com cores variadas.” (CHESMAN, 2004, p. 04, tradução nossa).
12- Informação Verbal
Quando se tratar de dados obtidos por informação verbal (palestras, debates, comunicações, etc...),
indicar, entre parênteses, a expressão informação verbal, mencionando-se os dados disponíveis, em nota
de rodapé.
Exemplos:
No texto:
O novo medicamento estará disponível até o final deste semestre (informação verbal)1
No rodapé da página:
_________________
1
Noticia fornecida por John A. Smith no Congresso Internacional de Engenharia Genética, em Londres,
em outubro de 2001.
13- Casos específicos:
4. Normalização : apresentação de citações
Unicamp/ Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin” - Biblioteca
Seção de Atendimento ao público
a) Quando houver coincidência de sobrenomes de autores, acrescentam-se as iniciais de seus
prenomes;
Exemplo:
(SILVA, A., 1958)
(SILVA, O., 1959)
b) Se mesmo assim existir coincidência nas iniciais, colocam-se os prenomes por extenso;
Exemplo:
(SILVA, Antônio, 1958)
(SILVA, Armando, 1959)
c) As citações de diversos documentos de um mesmo autor, publicados num mesmo ano, são
distinguidas pelo acréscimo de letras minúsculas, em ordem alfabética, após a data e sem
espaço.
Exemplos:
De acordo com Halliday (2006a)
(HALLIDAY, 2006b)
(HALLIDAY, 2006c, p. 06)
d) As citações indiretas de diversos documentos da mesma autoria, publicados em anos diferentes
e mencionados simultaneamente, tem as suas datas separadas por vírgula.
Exemplos:
- um autor apenas:
(NUSSENZVEIG, 1992, 1993, 1994)
- dois ou três autores da mesma obra:
(EISBERG; RESNICK, 1983, 1999)
(CRUZ; CORREA; COSTA, 1998, 1999, 2000)
e) As citações indiretas de diversos documentos de vários autores, mencionados
simultaneamente, devem ser separadas por ponto-e-vírgula, em ordem alfabética.
Exemplos:
O estudo do espalhamento de ressonância fornece um exemplo da aplicação da Mecânica Quântica aos
modelos nucleares (FEYNMAN, 2005; HALLIDAY, 2005; PESSOA, 2005).
Neste caso admite-se a idéia do núcleo composto que se forma como estado intermediário na reação de
duas partículas (NUSSENZVEIG, 1992; PIZZA, 1999; SILVA, 2002).
14- Regras Gerais (citação e referência)
a) Autor indivíduo: quando autor ou responsável é um pessoa física.
– um autor - direta:
No texto:
“Quando um raio de luz incide na interface lisa que separa dois meios transparentes e forma um ângulo
com ela, é refratado.” (YOUNG, 1998, p. 02).
5. Normalização : apresentação de citações
Unicamp/ Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin” - Biblioteca
Seção de Atendimento ao público
Na lista de referências:
YOUNG, Matt. Óptica e lasers. São Paulo: Editora da Universidade de São Paulo, 1998.
– um autor - indireta:
No texto
Young (1998, p.107) nos indica que os "átomos de um gás colidem com elétrons e entre si com uma
freqüência muito maior quando o gás é denso do que quando é mais rarefeito".
Na lista de referências:
YOUNG, Matt. Óptica e lasers. São Paulo: Editora da Universidade de São Paulo, 1998.
– dois autores - direta:
No texto:
“Quando uma porção de um líquido sofre expansão térmica sua densidade diminui, mas sua massa não é
alterada”. (Pádua, A; Pádua, C., 2006, p.48).
Na lista de referências:
PÁDUA, Antonio Braz de; PÁDUA, Cléia Guiotti de. Termodinâmica: uma coletânea de problemas. São
Paulo: Livraria da Física, 2006.
– dois autores - indireta:
No texto:
Pádua e Pádua (2006) observam que “quando uma porção de um líquido sofre expansão térmica sua
densidade diminui, mas sua massa não é alterada”.
Na lista de referências:
PÁDUA, Antonio Braz de; PÁDUA, Cléia Guiotti de. Termodinâmica: uma coletânea de problemas. São
Paulo: Livraria da Física, 2006.
b) Autor entidade: a autoria pode ser uma entidade, um grupo, um estado, secretaria etc.
No texto:
No congelador essa substância, através do processo de vaporização, troca calor com o interior da
geladeira, produzindo resfriamento interno e aquecimento da substância. (Grupo de Reelaboração do
Ensino de Física, 2007, p. 23).
Na lista de referências:
GRUPO DE REELABORAÇÃO DO ENSINO DE FÍSICA. Física 2: física térmica. São Paulo: Editora da
Universidade de São Paulo, 2007.
c) Sem autoria: entrada pela primeira palavra do título seguida de reticências, seguida da data de
publicação do documento e da página da citação, no caso de citação direta, separados por
vírgula e entre parênteses;
Exemplos:
No texto:
"As IES implementarão mecanismos democráticos, legítimos e transparentes de avaliação sistemática
das suas atividades, levando em conta seus objetivos institucionais e seus compromissos para com a
sociedade." (ANTEPROJETO..., 1987, p. 55).
Na lista de referências:
ANTEPROJETO de lei. Estudos e Debates, Brasília, DF,. N. 13, p. 51-60, jan. 1987.
Nota: se o título iniciar por artigo (definido ou indefinido), ou monossílabo, este deve ser incluído na
indicação da fonte.
Exemplos:
6. Normalização : apresentação de citações
Unicamp/ Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin” - Biblioteca
Seção de Atendimento ao público
No texto:
A física moderna torna hoje a mesma atitude com relação a seus modelos e teorias verbais. Estes,
também, são apenas aproximados e necessariamente imprecisos. (A FISICA..., 1995, p. 4).
Na lista de referências:
A FISICA moderna nos dias atuais. Folha de S. Paulo, São Paulo, p. 4, 21 abr. 1995.
15- Notas de rodapé
O seu uso deve ser reduzido ao mínimo necessário. Elas se destinam a prestar esclarecimentos ou tecer
considerações que não devem ser incluídas no texto, para não interromper a leitura.
As notas de rodapé devem ser alinhadas a partir da segunda linha da mesma nota, abaixo da primeira
letra da primeira palavra, de forma a destacar o expoente, sem espaço entre elas e com fonte menor.
Elas se dividem em notas de referência e notas explicativas.
Exemplo:
_________________
1
Veja-se como exemplo desse tipo de abordagem o estudo de Pádua (2006).
2
Encontramos esse tipo de perspectiva na 2ª parte do verbete referido na nota anterior, em grande parte
do estudo de Nussenzveig (1992).
16- Notas explicativas
São utilizadas para comentários, esclarecimentos e/ou observações pessoais do autor, que não possam
ser incluídas no texto.
A numeração das notas explicativas é feita em algarismos arábicos, devendo ter numeração única e
consecutiva para cada capítulo ou parte. Não se inicia a numeração a cada página.
Exemplo:
No texto:
Não é possível, portanto, deduzir a mecânica quântica de noções ou esquemas anteriores, nem tampouco
construí-la como alguma forma de extensão de teorias clássicas.
4
No rodapé da página:
__________________
4
Sobre essa teoria, ver também Gomes (1999, p. 290-302).
17- Notas de referência
Elas indicam fontes consultadas ou remetem a outras partes da obra onde o assunto foi abordado.
A numeração das notas de referência é feita por algarismos arábicos, devendo ter numeração única e
consecutiva para cada capítulo ou parte. Não se inicia a numeração a cada página.
A primeira citação de uma obra, em nota de rodapé, deve ter sua referência completa.
Exemplo:
No texto:
A carga elétrica é uma propriedade intrínseca das partículas fundamentais de que é feita a matéria; em
outras palavras, é uma propriedade associada à própria existência destas partículas.
8
No rodapé da página
__________________
8
HALLIDAY, David. Fundamentos de física. 7. Ed. Rio de Janeiro: Livros técnicos e Científicos, 2006.
18- Termos e/ou expressões latinas
São utilizadas em notas de rodapé e listas bibliográficas. Devem ser apresentados em itálico.
a) Idem ou Id. - mesmo autor com obras diferentes.
Exemplo:
__________________
7. Normalização : apresentação de citações
Unicamp/ Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin” - Biblioteca
Seção de Atendimento ao público
8
HALLIDAY, David. Fundamentos de física. 7. Ed. Rio de Janeiro: Livros técnicos e Científicos, 2006, p.
10.
9
Id, 2007, p. 19.
b) Ibidem ou Ibid. – na mesma obra, varia somente a paginação.
Exemplo:
__________________
3
HALLIDAY, 2006., p. 176.
4
Ibid, p. 190.
c) Opus citatum ou op. cit. – obra citada anteriormente.
Exemplo:
__________________
8
ADORNO, 1996, p. 38
9
GARLAND, 1990, p. 42-43
10
ADORNO, op. cit., p. 40.
d) Passim – aqui e ali, em diversas passagens, diversas páginas.
Exemplo:
__________________
5
RIBEIRO, 1997, passim.
e) Loco citado ou loc. cit.– no lugar citado, mesma página já citada.
Exemplo:
__________________
4
TOMASELLI: PORTER, 9912, p. 33-46
5
TOMASELLI: PORTER, loc. Cit
f) Confira, confronte, cf. – referências a obras de outros autores, ou notas do mesmo autor.
Exemplo:
__________________
3
Cf. CALDIERA, 1992
g) Sequentia, et. seq. – seguinte ou que se segue, para não repetir as páginas.
Exemplo:
__________________
7
FOUCALT, 1994, p. 17 et seq.
h) a expressão apud – (citado por, conforme, segundo) é a única que pode também ser usada no texto.
Exemplos:
No texto:
Segundo Silva (1983 apud PIZZA, 1999, p. 3) diz ser [...]
No rodapé da página:
__________________
1
SILVA, 1983 APUD Pizza, 1999, p.16.
Para maiores esclarecimentos consulte a Norma em vigor – NBR- 10520 de agosto de 2002,
disponível na biblioteca.