This document provides information about infant development between 4-6 months of age. It discusses common milestones like beginning to sit with support, rolling over, grabbing objects, and making sounds like cooing and babbling. The document recommends that parents repeat sounds, laugh, talk, and show pictures to encourage language development and emotional bonding during this stage.
What are gross motor skills? Gross motor skills involve the larger, stronger muscle groups.
In early child development, it’s the development of these muscles that enable infants to hold their head up, sit up independently, crawl, and eventually walk, run, jump and skip.
Learn about the gross motor skill development for infants from 0-21 months old in this presentation. We've also included activities you can do with your baby to help encourage the development of their gross motor skills.
This is an updated version of my lecture that has been viewed over 119,000 times! It has added hyperlinks to videos and blog posts that discuss the activities in this lecture. Enjoy!
What are gross motor skills? Gross motor skills involve the larger, stronger muscle groups.
In early child development, it’s the development of these muscles that enable infants to hold their head up, sit up independently, crawl, and eventually walk, run, jump and skip.
Learn about the gross motor skill development for infants from 0-21 months old in this presentation. We've also included activities you can do with your baby to help encourage the development of their gross motor skills.
This is an updated version of my lecture that has been viewed over 119,000 times! It has added hyperlinks to videos and blog posts that discuss the activities in this lecture. Enjoy!
el éxito se descubre goza y aprende en el día a día. Pues el éxito es cual árbol verde que siempre da fruto y es mas exquisito a cada brote y el transito hasta su disfrute personal.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Unlocking the Power of Digital Transformation: Freeing IT from Legacy Constra...Brocade
Global study shows legacy decisions, technology and perceptions are impacting innovation and business performance. View the full report, here: http://www.brocade.com/content/dam/common/documents/content-types/infographics/brocade-digital-transformation-legacy-constraints-wp.pdf
Child's Health and Development (Birth to 6 years)Putri Marlina
Each child is unique. Growth and development stages are sequential, variable, and individual. The stages occur in the same order in all children but there are differences in how long the stages last and in the characteristics of an individual child within each stage.
Important developmental milestones from 0 5 yearsWei Hee Hong
This ppt would help you to learn the importance of early childhood development from 0-5 years, observe and track a child's milestones and pinpoint potential developmental concerns.
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
How many patients does case series should have In comparison to case reports.pdfpubrica101
Pubrica’s team of researchers and writers create scientific and medical research articles, which may be important resources for authors and practitioners. Pubrica medical writers assist you in creating and revising the introduction by alerting the reader to gaps in the chosen study subject. Our professionals understand the order in which the hypothesis topic is followed by the broad subject, the issue, and the backdrop.
https://pubrica.com/academy/case-study-or-series/how-many-patients-does-case-series-should-have-in-comparison-to-case-reports/
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, holds immense potential to reshape medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life. But like any powerful tool, it comes with ethical considerations.
Unveiling CRISPR: This naturally occurring bacterial defense system (crRNA & Cas9 protein) fights viruses. Scientists repurposed it for precise gene editing (correction, deletion, insertion) by targeting specific DNA sequences.
The Promise: CRISPR offers exciting possibilities:
Gene Therapy: Correcting genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
Agriculture: Engineering crops resistant to pests and harsh environments.
Research: Studying gene function to unlock new knowledge.
The Peril: Ethical concerns demand attention:
Off-target Effects: Unintended DNA edits can have unforeseen consequences.
Eugenics: Misusing CRISPR for designer babies raises social and ethical questions.
Equity: High costs could limit access to this potentially life-saving technology.
The Path Forward: Responsible development is crucial:
International Collaboration: Clear guidelines are needed for research and human trials.
Public Education: Open discussions ensure informed decisions about CRISPR.
Prioritize Safety and Ethics: Safety and ethical principles must be paramount.
CRISPR offers a powerful tool for a better future, but responsible development and addressing ethical concerns are essential. By prioritizing safety, fostering open dialogue, and ensuring equitable access, we can harness CRISPR's power for the benefit of all. (2998 characters)
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
Health Education on prevention of hypertensionRadhika kulvi
Hypertension is a chronic condition of concern due to its role in the causation of coronary heart diseases. Hypertension is a worldwide epidemic and important risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and renal diseases. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels and is sufficient to maintain tissue perfusion during activity and rest. Hypertension is sustained elevation of BP. In adults, HTN exists when systolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140mmHg or diastolic BP is equal to or greater than 90mmHg. The
2. It is very
exciting for
parents to watch their
babies become social beings
that can interact with
others. The baby begins to
interact with persons
other than parents as
his or her awareness of
surrounding
environment and people
increases. While babies
may grow and develop
different skills at
different rates, the
following are some of
the common
milestones in this age
group.
Weight
Length
Head
Circumference
Average
growth of
about ½
inch each
month.
Average
growth of ½
to 1 inch
each month.
4. Activities
• Start balancing head well.
• Reflexive behaviors start changing
• Blinking reflex is well established
•Sucking reflex becomes voluntary.
•Swallowing reflex appears and allows infant to move solid foods from front of mouth to
the back for swallowing.
•Sits with support.
•Begins to support body with legs when held in standing position
•Rolls over one way, usually from stomach to back.
•Moves object from one hand to other
•Grabs feet and toes when lying on back
•Makes "swimming" motions with arms and legs when placed on abdomen
•Naps two to three times a day, for one to three hours each (on average)
•Begins to sleep longer at night
•Has full color vision, able to see at longer distances
•May accidentally begin scooting backwards when placed on stomach; soon will
begin to crawl forward
• Plays a Peek -a -boo game.
5. Speech
• Coos and gurgles when talked to, or in response to toys
• Babbles, imitates sounds
• By 6 months, makes single syllable sounds (da, ma, ba)
• Laughs
• Squeal
• Blows bubbles.
6. Understanding
• Recognises familiar things and people
• May hold out arms to be picked up
• May show displeasure when object or person
goes away
• Responds to his or her own name
• Understands “no"
• Begins to understand cause and effect (the
sound a toy makes when it is dropped)
7. Dr. Peddi’s tips for
your baby's
development and
emotional security
• Repeat sounds and smile when your baby makes
sounds.
• Laugh with your baby.
• Talk to and imitate your baby during feeding,
dressing, changing diapers, and bath time.
• Show your baby bright picture books and
interesting objects.
• Show your baby his or her reflection in a
mirror.
• Encourage laughing and play by making funny
faces or sounds or blowing on baby's belly and
laughing.
• Play peek-a-boo games to help develop object permanence, the
understanding that objects are still present even though they cannot
be se
• Dance with your baby and do other rhythmic movements.
• Introduce your baby to other children.
• Place safe toys near your baby to encourage reaching and grasping.
• Read books and stories to your baby, and point out pictures.
• Take your baby outside to different places to see new things and people.
• Hold and cuddle a lot when the baby is awake or unhappy