This document provides information about a nursing leadership and management course for Group 4. It discusses key concepts of human relations including industrial relations, public relations, and collective bargaining. Industrial relations involves the relationship between employees and employers, including issues like health and safety practices, trade unions, and human resource management. Public relations refers to establishing understanding between an organization and its public through communication and managing perceptions. Collective bargaining is a process where employees are represented by a union to negotiate aspects of employment conditions with management. The document outlines the objectives, characteristics, types, and processes involved in collective bargaining. It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of collective bargaining for nurses. In conclusion, it identifies some reasons why negotiations can fail such

1. GROUP 4
COURSE TITLE; LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT
COURSE CODE; NRSG 354
TASK; ASSIGNMENT
LECTURER; MARY MUMBI

2. GROUP MEMBERS
• ABERI MAGOMA JOYCE BSN-1-8182-3/2018
• DESMOND KIPCHIRCHIR KEMBOI BSN-1-8200-2/2019
• JOB MOGOI ABEL BSN-1-8242-2/2019
• STANLEY MARUTA SHIKUKU BSN-1-8218-2/2019
• MERCY JEPKORIR CHEBOI BSN-1-8158-3/2018
• JEFFERSON MWANGI BSN-1-8152-3/2018
• COLLINS KIPRONO NGETICH BSN-1-8145-3/2018

3. Human relations
• Refers to the relationship between human beings that are affected by
other factors in accomplishment of goals of an organization and in our
case we base in the hospital.
• In nursing is the relationship between nurses with colleagues and
other departmental personnel and patients.
• Its interdepartmental and interpersonal relationship that helps a
nurse to provide quality care to the patients.

4. Classification of human relations
• Industrial relations
• Public relations
• Collective bargaining

5. Industrial relations
• It is the relationship between employees and employers.
• It looks into the past and links between safety and health practices
within an organization and the industrial relations and importance for
safety.
• It ensures a safe working environment for the employees i.e. physical
hazards in work place, harassment, discrimination and topics related
to equality for employees.
• Occupational health involves maintenance and promotion of the
highest degree of physical, mental and social wellbeing of workers.

6. Industrial relations continued…
• It entails all employment aspects like human resource management
• Also it involves trade unions of employees that do negotiations on
behalf of employees.

7. Importance of industrial relations
• Helps all parties involved to fully understand what is needed of them
• Helps understand that a happy and healthy employee is a more productive
employee.
• Help employer to understand repercussions of dissatisfaction among
employees.
• Help employer to take care of their employees for better return in terms of
productivity.
• Help employers understand physiological and psychological capabilities of
the employees hence able to manage for maximum production.
• Establishes industrial democracy and also promotes teamwork.

8. Public relations
• Is a deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain
mutual understanding between an organization and its public
• Here, the management put policies and practices which serve the
public to secure understanding and goodwill
• It involves managing of communication between an organization and
its clients and an example is hospital and the patients

9. Need of public relations
• Promoting a goodwill
• Promotion of services i.e. curative, preventive services
• Combatting rumors from the general public
• Giving positive side of the story i.e. hospital
• Help in creating awareness to the public like services offered
• Help clients listen and also communicate their concerns

10. Functions of public relations
• Evaluate and measure attitudes, opinions towards a hospital that
helps identify places that need improvement.
• Helps maintain employees good will.
• Building up a positive image of the organization.
• Helps in building trust and cooperation i.e. trust of services offered

11. Collective bargaining
• Refers to the process of establishing and being represented by union
in order to share a degree of power with management in
determination of selected aspects of conditions of employment.
• Collective bargaining involves issues like;
. Employees salary
. Working hours
. Training
. Healthy and safety
. Right to participate in work place

12. Objectives of collective bargaining
• To equalize power between management and employees
• Protection of employee against arbitrary treatment and unfair
practices
• Establish a grievance procedure by means of which employee can
bring a complaint against management without fear of reprisals
• Maintenance and promotion of professional practice
• Prevention of conflicts in the future
• Helps in resolving of conflicts and disputes in mutually agreeable
manner

13. Objectives continued
• Enhances improvement of an organization production as it prevents
strikes
• Provide peaceful hospital relations hence making it stable
• Saving of time and money used on goal battle

14. Characteristics of collective bargaining
• It is collective meaning it is a two way process whereby employer and
employee representatives sit together and negotiates terms of
employment.
• It is a continuous process that is begins with agreements then
implementation of the agreement and continuous discussions.
• It is flexible as it can be changed anytime depending on situation.
• It is strong as both parties are strong and equal not to compromise any
parties rights.
• It is voluntary as both parties come for negotiations voluntarily and it
involves understanding, discussion and mutual trust.
• It improves employee-employer relations

15. Types of bargaining
• Conjunctive or distributive bargaining
• Cooperative or integrative bargaining
• Productive bargaining

16. Conjunctive or distributive bargaining
• It is the most common among the types of bargaining
• It involves zero sum negotiations
• Here, one party wins and the other looses

17. Cooperative bargaining
• It is a win- win situation
• It is similar to problem solving as both sides are trying to reach a
mutually beneficial alternative

18. Productive bargaining
• It leads to a productivity agreement in which managers offers a pay
rise in exchange for alterations to employee working practices
designed to increase productivity.

19. Collective bargaining process
• It involves five steps;
1. Prepare – involves composition of a negotiation team that should
comprise of representatives of both parties with adequate knowledge
and skills in bargaining
2. Discuss – it is where the ground decides on rules that will guide in
negotiations
3. Propose – exchange of messages take place and opinions of both parties
are sort out
4. Bargaining- problems and thoughts are sort out and agreement takes
place
5. Settlement- sort agreements are implemented through shared vision,
and strategic planning

20. Advantages of bargaining
• Nurses gain control of practice
• Improve professional relationships
• Protects patients from inadequate and unsafe care
• Ensure nurses have fair pay, good benefits and safe working
conditions
• Provide power
• Allow nurses to participate in decision making process

21. Disadvantages
• Reduced individuality
• Other union members may out vote one’s decisions
• Disputes are not handled with individuals
• Must pay union fee even if one doesn’t support unionization

22. Why negotiations fail?
• Unwillingness
• Delaying tactics
• Withdrawal of concessions
• Unilateral actions
• refusal

23. The end
•Thank you