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The conduction system of the heart includes the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers. The sinoatrial node initiates electrical impulses to contract the atria. The atrioventricular node delays transmission of impulses to allow full atrial contraction before ventricular contraction. Electrical signals travel through the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers to contract the ventricles. The conduction system maintains proper heart rhythm and function by initiating and distributing impulses throughout the heart.
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Electrical activity of the heart
The heart's electrical system, also called the cardiac conduction system, includes three main parts: the sinoatrial (SA) node, the atrioventricular (AV) node, and the His-Purkinje system. The SA node generates electrical signals that travel through the heart and cause the chambers to contract and pump blood through the body in a coordinated, rhythmic manner called sinus rhythm. Electrical signals pass from the atria to the ventricles through the AV node, which causes a delay allowing the atria to contract and empty before the ventricles. The signals then travel through the His-Purkinje system to cause synchronized ventricular contraction and pumping of blood out of the heart.
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The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart has four chambers and pumps blood through two circuits. Blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary circulation and from the left ventricle to the body via the systemic circulation. The heart's rhythmic beating is controlled by pacemaker cells located in the sinoatrial node which generate electrical impulses that cause cardiac muscle contraction and propagate through specialized conduction pathways to the atrioventricular node and ventricles. Cardiac valves ensure one-way blood flow through the heart.
Cardiac conduction system
The cardiac conduction system is made up of four main structures that stimulate contraction of the heart muscle in a coordinated way. The sinoatrial node acts as the pacemaker and initiates electrical impulses throughout the heart. The atrioventricular node receives impulses from the atria and slows conduction to allow for proper atrial contraction before ventricular contraction. Impulses then travel through the atrioventricular bundle and Purkinje fibers to coordinate simultaneous contraction of the ventricles. An electrocardiogram is used to measure the electrical activity of the heart and detect any abnormalities.
Cardiac conduction system
The cardiac conduction system is made up of four main structures that stimulate contraction of the heart muscle in a coordinated way. The sinoatrial node acts as the pacemaker and initiates electrical impulses throughout the heart. The atrioventricular node receives impulses from the atria and slows conduction to allow for filling of the ventricles before contraction. Specialized fibers called Purkinje fibers rapidly conduct electrical signals from the atrioventricular node to stimulate coordinated ventricular contraction. An electrocardiogram traces the electrical activity of the heart along the conduction system.
Cardiac conduction system
The cardiac conduction system is made up of four main structures that stimulate contraction of the heart muscle in a coordinated way. The sinoatrial node acts as the pacemaker and initiates electrical impulses throughout the heart. The atrioventricular node receives impulses from the atria and slows conduction to allow for filling of the ventricles before contraction. Specialized fibers called Purkinje fibers rapidly conduct electrical signals from the atrioventricular node to trigger simultaneous contraction of the ventricles. An electrocardiogram traces the electrical activity of the heart along the body surface and is used to analyze the function of the conduction system.
Cardiac muscle tissue
CONDUCTING SYSTEM AND INNERVATION
Cardiac muscle tissue
Electrical Signals and Blood Flow
Four Steps of Cardiac Conduction
1AA L Cardiovascular system.ppt
The cardiovascular system transports blood throughout the body via blood vessels and the heart. It consists of blood, blood vessels, and the heart. The heart is a muscular pump made of cardiac muscle that has specialized properties. It has four chambers and uses two circuits - pulmonary and systemic circulation - to oxygenate blood and transport nutrients and waste. The circulatory system evolved over time in vertebrates from a two-chambered heart in fish to the four-chambered heart in mammals.
Conduction system of heart
The cardiac conduction system generates and coordinates the contraction of the heart muscle. It is made up of specialized cardiac muscle cells located in the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers. The sinoatrial node initiates each heartbeat by spontaneously generating an electrical impulse. This impulse then travels through the internodal pathways and atria to the atrioventricular node, which slows conduction before passing the impulse to the ventricles via the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers, causing synchronized ventricular contraction and pumping of blood. Defects or damage to the conduction system can lead to cardiac arrhythmias.
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Electrical activity of the heart
The heart's electrical system, also called the cardiac conduction system, includes three main parts: the sinoatrial (SA) node, the atrioventricular (AV) node, and the His-Purkinje system. The SA node generates electrical signals that travel through the heart and cause the chambers to contract and pump blood through the body in a coordinated, rhythmic manner called sinus rhythm. Electrical signals pass from the atria to the ventricles through the AV node, which causes a delay allowing the atria to contract and empty before the ventricles. The signals then travel through the His-Purkinje system to cause synchronized ventricular contraction and pumping of blood out of the heart.
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The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart has four chambers and pumps blood through two circuits. Blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary circulation and from the left ventricle to the body via the systemic circulation. The heart's rhythmic beating is controlled by pacemaker cells located in the sinoatrial node which generate electrical impulses that cause cardiac muscle contraction and propagate through specialized conduction pathways to the atrioventricular node and ventricles. Cardiac valves ensure one-way blood flow through the heart.
Cardiac conduction system
The cardiac conduction system is made up of four main structures that stimulate contraction of the heart muscle in a coordinated way. The sinoatrial node acts as the pacemaker and initiates electrical impulses throughout the heart. The atrioventricular node receives impulses from the atria and slows conduction to allow for proper atrial contraction before ventricular contraction. Impulses then travel through the atrioventricular bundle and Purkinje fibers to coordinate simultaneous contraction of the ventricles. An electrocardiogram is used to measure the electrical activity of the heart and detect any abnormalities.
Cardiac conduction system
The cardiac conduction system is made up of four main structures that stimulate contraction of the heart muscle in a coordinated way. The sinoatrial node acts as the pacemaker and initiates electrical impulses throughout the heart. The atrioventricular node receives impulses from the atria and slows conduction to allow for filling of the ventricles before contraction. Specialized fibers called Purkinje fibers rapidly conduct electrical signals from the atrioventricular node to stimulate coordinated ventricular contraction. An electrocardiogram traces the electrical activity of the heart along the conduction system.
Cardiac conduction system
The cardiac conduction system is made up of four main structures that stimulate contraction of the heart muscle in a coordinated way. The sinoatrial node acts as the pacemaker and initiates electrical impulses throughout the heart. The atrioventricular node receives impulses from the atria and slows conduction to allow for filling of the ventricles before contraction. Specialized fibers called Purkinje fibers rapidly conduct electrical signals from the atrioventricular node to trigger simultaneous contraction of the ventricles. An electrocardiogram traces the electrical activity of the heart along the body surface and is used to analyze the function of the conduction system.
Cardiac muscle tissue
CONDUCTING SYSTEM AND INNERVATION
Cardiac muscle tissue
Electrical Signals and Blood Flow
Four Steps of Cardiac Conduction
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Conduction system of heart
The cardiac conduction system generates and coordinates the contraction of the heart muscle. It is made up of specialized cardiac muscle cells located in the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers. The sinoatrial node initiates each heartbeat by spontaneously generating an electrical impulse. This impulse then travels through the internodal pathways and atria to the atrioventricular node, which slows conduction before passing the impulse to the ventricles via the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers, causing synchronized ventricular contraction and pumping of blood. Defects or damage to the conduction system can lead to cardiac arrhythmias.
Conduction system of heart
The cardiac conduction system consists of four main structures that stimulate contraction: the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle, and Purkinje fibers. The sinoatrial node acts as the pacemaker by rhythmically sending impulses without stimulation. Impulses travel through the atria and are delayed in the atrioventricular node to allow the atria to contract before the ventricles. The impulse then travels down the atrioventricular bundle and branches via Purkinje fibers to stimulate synchronized ventricular contraction. An electrocardiogram records and measures the electrical activity of depolarization and repolarization in the heart that corresponds to contraction.
NORMAL Electrocardiogram, ECK/EKG PPT....
The document summarizes the electrical conduction system of the heart and electrocardiography. It describes the key components of the cardiac conduction system including the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers. It explains the phases of the cardiac action potential and how electrocardiography is used to record and assess the heart's electrical activity through the placement of electrodes on the skin and analysis of waves in the electrocardiogram.
Cardiac muscle tissue and conducting system
Cardiac muscle tissue forms the thick myocardium of the heart wall. It contains cardiac muscle cells that are joined together by intercalated discs to form branching networks called cardiac fibers. The contractions of cardiac muscle cells are stimulated by electrical signals that cause calcium ions to enter the cells, triggering contraction via the sliding filament mechanism. This allows for the synchronized contraction of the entire heart to pump blood throughout the circulatory system.
Denoising of ECG -- A discrete time approach using DWT
This paper is about denoising of ECG signal using DWT transform. In this paper, ECG signals are denoised using DWT transform.Ecg signals are taken and noise at different frequencies are generated which are superimposed on this original ecg signal.High frequency noise is of 4000 hertz and power line interference is of 50 hertz.Decomposition of noisy signal is achieved through wavelet packet .wavelet packets are reconstructed and appropriate wavelet packets are combined to obtain a signal, very similar to original ecg signal.This technique results in the minimization of mean square error in the filtered signals.
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This paper is about denoising of ECG signal using DWT transform. In this paper, ECG signals are denoised using DWT transform.Ecg signals are taken and noise at different frequencies are generated which are superimposed on this original ecg signal.High frequency noise is of 4000 hertz and power line interference is of 50 hertz.Decomposition of noisy signal is achieved through wavelet packet .wavelet packets are reconstructed and appropriate wavelet packets are combined to obtain a signal, very similar to original ecg signal.This technique results in the minimization of mean square error in the filtered signals.
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The document discusses the electrical conduction system of the heart and electrocardiography. It describes:
- The sinoatrial node acts as the heart's natural pacemaker and initiates electrical impulses that travel through pathways to the atrioventricular node.
- The Purkinje fibers form a network that transmits impulses from the ventricles to contract.
- An electrocardiogram detects the heart's electrical signals using electrodes placed on the skin. It displays waves, segments, and intervals that correspond to different stages of the cardiac cycle.
- The P wave represents atrial depolarization, the QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization, and the T wave represents ventricular repolarization.
ECG mahmoud shakria PPT.
ECG interpretation in a simple method ppt.
out lines :
Anatomy of the Heart
The Cardiovascular System
Physiology of the Heart
Electrical Conduction System of the Heart
The Electrocardiogram (ECG):-
Chest Leads
Recording of the ECG
Components of an ECG Tracing
ECG Interpretation :-
Sinoatrial (SA) Node Arrhythmias
Atrial Arrhythmias
Ventricular Arrhythmias
Atrioventricular (AV) Blocks
Artificial Cardiac Pacemakers
The 12-Lead ECG and M.I
Cardiac Emergency Medications
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This document describes the design and build of a 3-electrode electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor. Skin electrodes are used to capture ECG signals, which are then conditioned through custom designed instrumentation amplifiers to amplify and filter the signals. An microcontroller with an analog-to-digital converter digitizes the conditioned ECG signals and transmits them to a computer running Matlab software for analysis and diagnosis of potential heart abnormalities based on features in the ECG patterns. The device is designed to identify several common arrhythmias based on abnormalities in heart rate and waveform patterns in the ECG signals.
ECG Mahmoud Shakria
The document provides an overview of electrocardiography (ECG) including:
1. It describes the anatomy and physiology of the heart as well as the cardiovascular system and electrical conduction system of the heart.
2. It explains how an ECG works by detecting the electrical activity of the heart through electrodes placed on the skin and displaying voltage changes.
3. The components of an ECG tracing are outlined including the P, QRS, and T waves which correspond to atrial depolarization, ventricular depolarization, and ventricular repolarization, respectively.
Cardio vascular system.pptx
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart has four chambers and pumps blood through two circuits. Blood is pumped from the left ventricle through the aorta to the body in systemic circulation and from the right ventricle to the lungs in pulmonary circulation. The heart receives oxygenated blood through the coronary arteries. It has its own electrical conduction system to regulate rhythm. The heart pumps blood through arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins to supply oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. Blood pressure is regulated by baroreceptors and chemoreceptors that detect changes and signal the brain.
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The conducting system of heart
The conducting system of the heart consists of specialized cardiac muscle tissue that generates and transmits electrical impulses to initiate and coordinate heart muscle contraction. It includes the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers and their left and right branches. These structures work together to conduct electrical signals from the upper to lower chambers and allow synchronized, rhythmic pumping of blood throughout the body. Damage to parts of this system can lead to arrhythmias or require treatment like artificial pacemakers.
Shortcut to ECG
Salient features of the book are -
- The book provides a shortcut to understand and remember certain specific formulae and points you require to interpret the 12-lead ECG.
- Treatment protocols (in green boxes) for most of the important conditions are also included.
- View sample ECGs as you read along the topics.
- The content is explained in a very simple language to provide good conceptions, written from a student’s point of view.
- People can gain their belief in the book after going through sample ECGs which would be available at www.themedicalpost.net/ecg
- The book competes with the other books available in the market in simplicity, summaries, treatment protocols, live diagrams and regularly updated sample ECGs on the website.
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The document provides information on ECGs and cardiac arrhythmias. It begins with an introduction to ECGs and what they measure. It then discusses the history of ECGs, the anatomy and conduction system of the heart, common indications for ECGs, how ECGs are arranged and interpreted, and definitions of heart rate and rhythm. The majority of the document categorizes and describes different types of cardiac arrhythmias like sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, premature atrial contractions, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, junctional rhythm, junctional tachycardia, premature junctional contractions, and supraventricular tachycardia. For each type it discusses causes
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The cardiovascular system allows blood to circulate oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. It consists of the heart and blood vessels.
The heart has four chambers and uses valves to ensure one-way blood flow. It is surrounded by layers including the pericardium. The heart's natural pacemaker, the sinoatrial node, initiates electrical signals that cause coordinated contractions of the atria and ventricles. Blood is pumped from the heart through arteries to the lungs and body.
Cardiac muscle cells contract in response to changes in electrical potential across their membranes. This allows for coordinated pumping of blood throughout the cardiovascular system.
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The document provides information on the anatomy and physiology of the human heart. It discusses the heart's location in the thoracic cavity, its structure which includes three layers (pericardium, myocardium, and endocardium), and its four chambers. It describes the flow of blood through the heart via the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, pulmonary arteries, and aorta. It also covers the heart's conductive system, including the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and Purkinje fibers. Finally, it briefly discusses cardiac output, blood pressure regulation, and the pulmonary and systemic circulations.
Heart anatomy & physiology slide share, circulatory system pdf
This is a pdf file in circulatory system of heart pdf slide share
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF HEART
The document provides information on the anatomy and physiology of the human heart. It discusses the heart's location in the thoracic cavity, its internal and external structures, the layers of the heart wall, the heart chambers and valves, coronary blood supply, cardiac cycle and conduction system, heart sounds, electrocardiography, and cardiac output. The heart is described as a hollow muscular organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system through coordinated electrical conduction and mechanical contraction and relaxation of its chambers.
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Conduction system of heart
The cardiac conduction system consists of four main structures that stimulate contraction: the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle, and Purkinje fibers. The sinoatrial node acts as the pacemaker by rhythmically sending impulses without stimulation. Impulses travel through the atria and are delayed in the atrioventricular node to allow the atria to contract before the ventricles. The impulse then travels down the atrioventricular bundle and branches via Purkinje fibers to stimulate synchronized ventricular contraction. An electrocardiogram records and measures the electrical activity of depolarization and repolarization in the heart that corresponds to contraction.
NORMAL Electrocardiogram, ECK/EKG PPT....
The document summarizes the electrical conduction system of the heart and electrocardiography. It describes the key components of the cardiac conduction system including the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers. It explains the phases of the cardiac action potential and how electrocardiography is used to record and assess the heart's electrical activity through the placement of electrodes on the skin and analysis of waves in the electrocardiogram.
Cardiac muscle tissue and conducting system
Cardiac muscle tissue forms the thick myocardium of the heart wall. It contains cardiac muscle cells that are joined together by intercalated discs to form branching networks called cardiac fibers. The contractions of cardiac muscle cells are stimulated by electrical signals that cause calcium ions to enter the cells, triggering contraction via the sliding filament mechanism. This allows for the synchronized contraction of the entire heart to pump blood throughout the circulatory system.
Denoising of ECG -- A discrete time approach using DWT
This paper is about denoising of ECG signal using DWT transform. In this paper, ECG signals are denoised using DWT transform.Ecg signals are taken and noise at different frequencies are generated which are superimposed on this original ecg signal.High frequency noise is of 4000 hertz and power line interference is of 50 hertz.Decomposition of noisy signal is achieved through wavelet packet .wavelet packets are reconstructed and appropriate wavelet packets are combined to obtain a signal, very similar to original ecg signal.This technique results in the minimization of mean square error in the filtered signals.
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The document discusses the electrical conduction system of the heart and electrocardiography. It describes:
- The sinoatrial node acts as the heart's natural pacemaker and initiates electrical impulses that travel through pathways to the atrioventricular node.
- The Purkinje fibers form a network that transmits impulses from the ventricles to contract.
- An electrocardiogram detects the heart's electrical signals using electrodes placed on the skin. It displays waves, segments, and intervals that correspond to different stages of the cardiac cycle.
- The P wave represents atrial depolarization, the QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization, and the T wave represents ventricular repolarization.
ECG mahmoud shakria PPT.
ECG interpretation in a simple method ppt.
out lines :
Anatomy of the Heart
The Cardiovascular System
Physiology of the Heart
Electrical Conduction System of the Heart
The Electrocardiogram (ECG):-
Chest Leads
Recording of the ECG
Components of an ECG Tracing
ECG Interpretation :-
Sinoatrial (SA) Node Arrhythmias
Atrial Arrhythmias
Ventricular Arrhythmias
Atrioventricular (AV) Blocks
Artificial Cardiac Pacemakers
The 12-Lead ECG and M.I
Cardiac Emergency Medications
3rd Year Project - Design and build of an Electrocardiogram
This document describes the design and build of a 3-electrode electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor. Skin electrodes are used to capture ECG signals, which are then conditioned through custom designed instrumentation amplifiers to amplify and filter the signals. An microcontroller with an analog-to-digital converter digitizes the conditioned ECG signals and transmits them to a computer running Matlab software for analysis and diagnosis of potential heart abnormalities based on features in the ECG patterns. The device is designed to identify several common arrhythmias based on abnormalities in heart rate and waveform patterns in the ECG signals.
ECG Mahmoud Shakria
The document provides an overview of electrocardiography (ECG) including:
1. It describes the anatomy and physiology of the heart as well as the cardiovascular system and electrical conduction system of the heart.
2. It explains how an ECG works by detecting the electrical activity of the heart through electrodes placed on the skin and displaying voltage changes.
3. The components of an ECG tracing are outlined including the P, QRS, and T waves which correspond to atrial depolarization, ventricular depolarization, and ventricular repolarization, respectively.
Cardio vascular system.pptx
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart has four chambers and pumps blood through two circuits. Blood is pumped from the left ventricle through the aorta to the body in systemic circulation and from the right ventricle to the lungs in pulmonary circulation. The heart receives oxygenated blood through the coronary arteries. It has its own electrical conduction system to regulate rhythm. The heart pumps blood through arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins to supply oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. Blood pressure is regulated by baroreceptors and chemoreceptors that detect changes and signal the brain.
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Topics included :- Steps involved in generation and conduction of cardiac impulse; Electrocardiogram; arrthymia - symtoms and it's types - bradycardia and tachycardia; Factors affecting heart's rhythm,
The conducting system of heart
The conducting system of the heart consists of specialized cardiac muscle tissue that generates and transmits electrical impulses to initiate and coordinate heart muscle contraction. It includes the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers and their left and right branches. These structures work together to conduct electrical signals from the upper to lower chambers and allow synchronized, rhythmic pumping of blood throughout the body. Damage to parts of this system can lead to arrhythmias or require treatment like artificial pacemakers.
Shortcut to ECG
Salient features of the book are -
- The book provides a shortcut to understand and remember certain specific formulae and points you require to interpret the 12-lead ECG.
- Treatment protocols (in green boxes) for most of the important conditions are also included.
- View sample ECGs as you read along the topics.
- The content is explained in a very simple language to provide good conceptions, written from a student’s point of view.
- People can gain their belief in the book after going through sample ECGs which would be available at www.themedicalpost.net/ecg
- The book competes with the other books available in the market in simplicity, summaries, treatment protocols, live diagrams and regularly updated sample ECGs on the website.
Term paper on ECG and cardiac arrhythmias
The document provides information about ECGs and cardiac arrhythmias. It discusses the history and development of ECGs, the anatomy and conduction system of the heart, common arrhythmias like sinus tachycardia and sinus bradycardia, and how to diagnose and manage various types of cardiac arrhythmias using ECGs. The document contains diagrams of ECG readings and the heart to illustrate different arrhythmias and the heart's structure and function.
Term paper on ecg and cardiac arrhythmias
The document provides information on ECGs and cardiac arrhythmias. It begins with an introduction to ECGs and what they measure. It then discusses the history of ECGs, the anatomy and conduction system of the heart, common indications for ECGs, how ECGs are arranged and interpreted, and definitions of heart rate and rhythm. The majority of the document categorizes and describes different types of cardiac arrhythmias like sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, premature atrial contractions, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, junctional rhythm, junctional tachycardia, premature junctional contractions, and supraventricular tachycardia. For each type it discusses causes
Anatomy of heart ,it's components and circulation
The heart is a hollow, muscular organ located in the chest that pumps blood throughout the body. It collects deoxygenated blood and transports it to the lungs to be oxygenated, then pumps the oxygenated blood to all body tissues. The heart weighs around 300 grams and beats over 100,000 times per day. It has three layers - epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium - and is enclosed in the pericardium. The conduction system controls heart rate through specialized nodes and fibers like the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers.
Cardio 2
The cardiovascular system allows blood to circulate oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. It consists of the heart and blood vessels.
The heart has four chambers and uses valves to ensure one-way blood flow. It is surrounded by layers including the pericardium. The heart's natural pacemaker, the sinoatrial node, initiates electrical signals that cause coordinated contractions of the atria and ventricles. Blood is pumped from the heart through arteries to the lungs and body.
Cardiac muscle cells contract in response to changes in electrical potential across their membranes. This allows for coordinated pumping of blood throughout the cardiovascular system.
heart-180521025843.pdf
The document provides information on the anatomy and physiology of the human heart. It discusses the heart's location in the thoracic cavity, its structure which includes three layers (pericardium, myocardium, and endocardium), and its four chambers. It describes the flow of blood through the heart via the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, pulmonary arteries, and aorta. It also covers the heart's conductive system, including the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and Purkinje fibers. Finally, it briefly discusses cardiac output, blood pressure regulation, and the pulmonary and systemic circulations.
Heart anatomy & physiology slide share, circulatory system pdf
This is a pdf file in circulatory system of heart pdf slide share
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF HEART
The document provides information on the anatomy and physiology of the human heart. It discusses the heart's location in the thoracic cavity, its internal and external structures, the layers of the heart wall, the heart chambers and valves, coronary blood supply, cardiac cycle and conduction system, heart sounds, electrocardiography, and cardiac output. The heart is described as a hollow muscular organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system through coordinated electrical conduction and mechanical contraction and relaxation of its chambers.
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3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
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- 1. • ANATOMY PRESENTATION GROUP 4 1
- 2. • Conducting system of the heart and it’s clinical significance. 2
- 3. • What is the conduction system of the heart? 3
- 4. Your heart’s conduction system is the network of nodes (groups of cells that can be either nerve or muscle tissue), specialized cells and electrical signals that keep your heart beating. 4
- 5. • Two types of cells control your heartbeat: Conducting cells carry the electric signals. Muscle cells control your heart’s contractions. 5
- 6. The main components of the heart’s conducting system include: 6
- 7. Sinoatrial (SA) node:Located in the right atrium, the SA node is the natural pacemaker of the heart. It initiates the electrical impulses and sets the rhythm of the heart. The impulses generated by the SA node spread across the atria, causing them to contract. 7
- 8. Atrioventricular (AV) node: Situated between the atria and the ventricles, the AV node acts as a gateway for the electrical signals. It delays the transmission of impulses to allow the atria to contract fully before the ventricles receive the signal. 8
- 9. Bundle of His: After passing through the AV node, the electrical signals travel down the bundle of His, a collection of specialized fibers. It divides into two main branches known as the left and right bundle branches. 9
- 10. Left bundle branch sends electrical signals through the Purkinje fibers to your left ventricle. Right bundle branch sends electrical signals through the Purkinje fibers to your right ventricle. 10
- 11. Purkinje fibers: The bundle branches further divide into smaller fibers called Purkinje fibers, which extend throughout the ventricles. These fibers rapidly transmit the electrical signals, causing the ventricles to contract and pump blood out of the heart. 11
- 12. • A diagram of the conducting system of the heart. 12
- 13. The clinical significance of the heart’s conducting system lies in its role in maintaining proper heart rhythm and function. 13
- 14. 1. It initiates impulses. 2. It distributes impulses throughout the heart. 3. Keeps up a steady and even heart rate. 4. It helps scientists to manufacture an artificial pacemaker. 14
- 15. NAMES. INDEX NUMBERS Tanye Chad Bans Dongyile 052141090043 Ali Fawaz 052142060082 Allotey Emmanuella NaaAdole 052142060051 Kumi Victor 052142060065 Kwaning Emmanuel 052142060094 Takyi Rhoda 052142060104 Fati Iddrisu 0552142060046 Afrifa joseph 0552142060084 15
- 16. 16